Related Entries of the International Encyclopedia:

1. List of international arbitration topics Contents List of international arbitration topics Investment Treaty Cases: ICSID Additional Facility arbitration rules Investment Treaty Cases: SCC arbitration rules ... Read more...
2. List of international trade topics Contents List of international trade topics . Absolute advantage Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) Asia-Pacific Economic ... Read more...
3. Arbitration Organizations worldwide Contents Arbitration Organizations worldwide Arbitration Organizations worldwide: web resources Abu Dhabi Commercial Conciliation and Arbitration Center (ADCCAC) www.adcci-uae.com ADR Institute ... Read more...
4. Icc International Court of Arbitration Icc International Court of Arbitration International Court of Arbitration in International Trade Meaning of ICC (International Court of Arbitration), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The ICC International Court of Arbitration was created in 1923 as the [...]...
5. Rules on Transparency in Treaty-based Investor-state Arbitration Rules on Transparency in Treaty-based Investor-state Arbitration in 2013 United States views on international law [1] in relation to Rules on Transparency in Treaty-based Investor-state Arbitration: As mentioned in Mr. Arbogast's statement above, UNCITRAL finished negotiations on a set [...]...
6. Arbitration resources Contents Arbitration resources See...
7. National Trade Estimate National Trade Estimate (NTE) Report and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of National Trade Estimate (NTE) Report: A report on significant foreign trade barriers published in [...]...
8. Anti-Trust Rules This section provides an overview of anti-trust rules within the legal context of Competition Law and Policy in international economic law (Main Regulatory Areas). Relation of IPRs to Trade, Investment and Anti-Trust Rules This section provides an overview of relation of iprs to trade, [...]...
9. Arbitral Institutions Contents Arbitral Institutions American Arbitration Association (AAA) Arbitration Institute of the Stockholm Chamber of Commerce (SCC) Australian Centre for International ... Read more...
10. List of International Business Law Landmark Cases Contents List of International Business Law Landmark Court Cases List of Selected International Business Law Court Decisions, by Subject Introduction ... Read more...
11. Competition Law Anti-Dumping and Competition Law and the World Trade Organization Anti-Dumping and Competition Law in relation to the World Trade Organization (WTO) covers several issues. Competition Law in a Global Context Contents of Competition Law in a Global Context Contents of this subject matter [...]...
12. Open-end Investment Company Resources See Also Mutual fund...
13. Trade Institutions General, Trade and Investment Related Institutions in International Economic Law In international economic law, general, trade and investment related institutions includes the following legal areas, with coverage in this world legal encyclopedia: li> World Trade Organization (WTO) United [...]...
14. International Organization Introduction to International Organization International Organization, a membership group that operates across national borders for specific purposes. Scholars of international relations consider international organizations to have growing importance in world politics. Examples of [...]...
15. Arbitration: Consequences of the non-application of the New York Convention Contents Arbitration: Consequences of the non-application of the New York Convention   The non-application or incorrect application of the New ... Read more...
16. Foreign Investment Review Act An act of the Canadian Parliament directed toward protection of Canada's economy from domination by foreign direct and portfolio investment. The act is concerned with the establishment or takeover of Canadian businesses only; the acquisition of shares in Canadian firms, where such acquisition do......
17. Venture Capital Venture Capital Definition Venture Capital may be defined as money or capital provided for new business ventures by investors other than the original proprietor. The term is sometimes also used for capital provided to rescue or turn around a company. Venture capitalists—that is, [...]...
18. London Court of International Arbitration London Court of International Arbitration (LCIA) in International Trade Meaning of London Court of International Arbitration (LCIA), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The LCIA is one of the world's leading international institutions for commercial [...]...
19. Trade In the United States For information about Trade in the context of international trade, click here Trade and the Laws of International Trade Prohibited actions Export Administration System Trade and the Laws of International Trade Intent Export Administration System American Coasting Trade: [...]...
20. Pac Rim Cayman LLC v. Republic of El Salvador Pac Rim Cayman LLC v. Republic of El Salvador Pac Rim Cayman LLC v. Republic of El Salvador (ICSID Case ... Read more...
21. Intellectual Property Protection Intellectual Property Protection in International Economic Law In international economic law, intellectual property protection includes the following legal areas, with coverage in this world legal encyclopedia: li> Goals, Principles and Minimum Standards of Protection of Intellectual Property [...]...
22. International Arbitration Treaties Contents International Arbitration Treaties Legal Materials The U.S. Department of State posts links to UNCITRAL materials and other treaties concerning ... Read more...
23. Foreign Trade Arbitration Commission The Foreign Trade Arbitration Commission (USSR) Name of this Court The Foreign Trade Arbitration Commission (USSR) is the standarized name of one of the National Courts - see the entries in the corresponding legal Encyclopedia (of this project) about court rules and procedural law for more [...]...
24. Trade Barrier Summary of Trade Barrier Constraints upon the exchange of goods among nations imposed by governments; such constraints are manifested in the form of tariffs, quotas, exchange controls, and a variety of so-called nontariff barriers. Barriers usually arise to protect domestic industries, [...]...
25. Framework Agreements Framework Agreements and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Framework Agreement (2): Also known as a Trade and Investment Framework Agreement, or TIFA. A bilateral agreement [...]...
26. Rules of Origin Rules of Origin and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Rules of Origin: The laws, regulations, and administrative practices that are applied to ascribe acountry of origin to [...]...
27. Market Access Summary of Market Access The degree of participation in the domestic market that a nation allows to foreign suppliers. Tariffs, quotas, and similar protective devices are devices imposed to limit market access. (Main Author: William J. Miller) Market Access and National Treatment in the [...]...
28. Investment Rules Relationship of Competition Law to Trade and Investment Rules This section provides an overview of relationship of competition law to trade and investment rules within the legal context of Competition Law and Policy in international economic law (Main Regulatory Areas). Resources Further [...]...
29. Investment Regulation Impact of Domestic Regulation on Trade in Goods, Services and on Investment in International Economic Law In international economic law, impact of domestic regulation on trade in goods, services and on investment includes the following legal areas, with coverage in this world legal [...]...
30. Investment Protection Investment Protection in International Economic Law In international economic law, investment protection includes the following legal areas, with coverage in this world legal encyclopedia: li> Coverage in Investment Protection Right to Use and Direct Expropriation Indirect Expropriation...
31. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development International Bank For Reconstruction And Development International Bank for Reconstruction and Development Outline The IBRD was established pursuant to the Bretton Woods Agreement of 1944. Its headquarters are in Washington, DC. As its name suggests, it is an intergovernmental (as opposed to [...]...
32. Regulatory Barriers to Trade Regulatory Barriers to Trade: Private Standards This section provides an overview of regulatory barriers to trade: private standards within the legal context of Harmonization, Equivalence and Mutual Recognition in international economic law, with coverage of Domestic Regulation (Behind the [...]...
33. Migration Law A Legacy of Fragmentation in Migration, Trade and Investment Law This section provides an overview of a legacy of fragmentation in migration, trade and investment law within the legal context of Trade, Investment and Migration in international economic law, with coverage of Labour Mobility [...]...
34. Investment Arbitration Fora Investment Arbitration Fora in International Economic Law In international economic law, investment arbitration fora includes the following legal areas, with coverage in this world legal encyclopedia: li> Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) ICC International Court of Arbitration Arbitration [...]...
35. Non-tariff Barriers Non-tariff Barriers (NTBS) in International Trade Meaning of Non-tariff Barriers (NTBS), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Market access barriers that result from prohibitions, restrictions, conditions or specific requirements and make importing products [...]...
36. International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes International Centre For Settlement Of Investment Disputes Summary of International Centre For Settlement Of Investment Disputes An international agency affiliated with the World Bank and serving as a forum for the resolution of international investment disputes. The center was established [...]...
37. Invisible Barriers to Trade Invisible Barriers to Trade in International Trade Meaning of Invisible Barriers to Trade, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Government regulations that do not directly restrict trade, but indirectly impede free trade by imposing excessive or obscure [...]...
38. Informal Entry A former abbreviated entry procedure permitted by U.S. Customs for shipments of merchandise under $250 and certain household effects. Unless the district director of customs provides otherwise on a given shipment, entry may be made on Customs Form 5119-A; at time of entry, estimated duties and taxes......
39. Rules Relating to Investment This section provides an overview of rules relating to investment within the legal context of Impact of Domestic Regulation on Trade in Goods, Services and on Investment in international economic law, with coverage of Domestic Regulation (Behind the Borders) (Main Regulatory Areas). Resources [...]...
40. Coverage in Investment Protection This section provides an overview of coverage in investment protection within the legal context of Investment Protection in international economic law, with coverage of The Protection of Property (Main Regulatory Areas). Resources Further Reading Andrew Mitchell and Jacky Mandelbaum, [...]...
41. In Transit Entry In Transit Entry in International Trade Meaning of In Transit Entry (i.t.), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): This term allows foreign merchandise arriving at one port to be transported in bond to another port, where a superseding entry is filed....
42. Investment Law Investment Companies Law......
43. Investment Resources See Also Education Policy Training Policy...
44. Investment Arbitration Contents Investment Arbitration Symposia “Symposium on international investment law and the European Union” in Karl P. Sauvant, Yearbook on International ... Read more...
45. International Investment Bank A multinational development bank, membership of which is comprised of the Soviet Union and its allies. The bank was formed in 1970 to foster "economic efficiency and intensification" in the member states. The authorized capital of the bank is 1,071,300,000 transferable rubles, of which 374......
46. Inventory Investment The aggregate national increases or decreases, expressed in monetary terms, of inventories held by the private sector. Also known as inventory change, an increase or decrease in private sector inventories not offset by current consumption is viewed as an investment in the economy.......
47. Investment Bill A bill of exchange purchased at a discount and held to maturity.......
48. Investment Fund Spanish Translation of investment fundThis is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to investment fund and / or a definition of this topic: Fondo de Inversión (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry)....
49. Investment Trusts Spanish Translation of investment trustsThis is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to investment trusts and / or a definition of this topic: Instituciones de Inversión Colectiva (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry)....
50. Investment Requirements International investment is a cornerstone of the world economy: it creates jobs, economic growth and prosperity at home, and supports development and stability worldwide. United States Office of Investment Affairs (OIA) The Office of Investment Affairs works to improve the climate for [...]...
51. Investment Measures The Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures and the World Trade Organization The Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures in relation to the World Trade Organization (WTO) covers several issues....
52. Investment Dispute Settlement Investment Dispute Settlement Under Chapter 11 of the North American Free Trade Agreement Involving the United States in 2013 United States views on international law [1] in relation to Investment Dispute Settlement Under Chapter 11 of the North American Free Trade Agreement Involving the [...]...
53. Barriers Literature Review on Productivity: Barriers In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] David N. Ammons offers the following summary about the topic of Productivity: Barriers: Obstacles to productivity improvement efforts in the public sector can be numerous and [...]...
54. Investment Dispute Resolution Investment Dispute Resolution Under Free Trade Agreements In relation to the international law practice and investment dispute resolution under free trade agreements in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Trade, Commercial Relations, Investment, and [...]...
55. International Investment Law Embracing mainstream international law, this section on international investment law explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "investment law, international" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of [...]...
56. Ad Hoc Investment Arbitration Ad hoc Investment Arbitration This section provides an overview of ad hoc investment arbitration within the legal context of Investment Arbitration Fora in international economic law, with coverage of Adjudication and Enforcement (Principles). Resources Further Reading Ucheora Onwuamaegbu, [...]...
57. Standards in Investment Law Minimum Standards in Investment Law in International Economic Law In international economic law, minimum standards in investment law includes the following legal areas, with coverage in this world legal encyclopedia: li> Non-Arbitrariness Fair and Equitable Treatment (FET) Full Protection [...]...
58. National Treatment in Investment Law This section provides an overview of national treatment in investment law within the legal context of Non-Discrimination on Foreign Direct Investment in international economic law (Principles). Resources Further Reading Andrea K Bjorklund, "National Treatment in Investment Law," [...]...
59. Investment Arbitration Investment Arbitration in Private International Law This section contain conflict of laws information and cross references related to investment arbitration on some major countries and additional jurisdictions. It covers key issues involved when citizens face international situations. [...]...
60. Investment Policy Resources See Also Economic Development Social development...
61. Investment Guaranty Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
62. Investment Incentive Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
63. Investment Promotion Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
64. Investment Return Resources See Also Income Distribution Bankruptcy Inequality...
65. Industrial Investment Resources See Also Industry Industrial Unionism Labor Law Industrial Disputes Business Law...
66. Investment treaty law and arbitration books Contents Investment treaty law and arbitration books See: Arbitral Institutions – Arbitration Organizations worldwide – Books by year: Andrea Bianchi ... Read more...
67. Investment treaty law and arbitration reports Contents Investment treaty law and arbitration reports See: Investment treaty law and arbitration books Investment treaty law and arbitration books ... Read more...
68. Investment treaty law and arbitration articles Contents Investment treaty law and arbitration articles See: Investment treaty law and arbitration books Investment treaty law and arbitration books ... Read more...
69. Investment Policy Advisory Committee Investment Policy Advisory Committee (INPAC) in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Investment Policy Advisory Committee (INPAC): A policy-level committee that forms part of the private sector [...]...
70. Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency: An independent agency of the World Bank group established in 1988 to [...]...
71. Trade Barriers Standards-Related Activity and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Standards-Related Activity: An activity undertaken in conjunction with administration or enforcement of [...]...
72. Barriers to Trade Technical Barriers to Trade (also referred to as Standards) and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Technical Barriers to Trade (also referred to as Standards): [...]...
73. Nontariff Barriers Nontariff Barriers (NTBs) and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Nontariff Barriers (NTBs): Measures other than tariffs that burden or restrict international trade. NTBs may [...]...
74. Barriers to Identification Barriers to identification and the Refugee Issues As published by the UNHCR in relation to Barriers to identification: The United Nations Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children (Trafficking Protocol), supplementing the United Nations [...]...
75. Investment Dispute Settlements under the Nafta Investment Dispute Settlement Under Chapter 11 of the North American Free Trade Agreement Involving the United States in 2013 (Continuation) United States views on international law [1] in relation to Investment Dispute Settlement Under Chapter 11 of the North American Free Trade Agreement [...]...
76. Most-Favoured Nation Treatment in Investment Law This section provides an overview of most-favoured nation treatment in investment law within the legal context of Non-Discrimination on Foreign Direct Investment in international economic law (Principles). Resources Further Reading Piero Bernardini, "Most-Favoured Nation Treatment in [...]...
77. Non-Discrimination on Foreign Direct Investment Non-Discrimination on Foreign Direct Investment in International Economic Law In international economic law, non-discrimination on foreign direct investment includes the following legal areas, with coverage in this world legal encyclopedia: li> Most-Favoured Nation Treatment in Investment Law [...]...
78. Investment treaty law and arbitration books reviews Contents Investment treaty law and arbitration books reviews See: Investment treaty law and arbitration books Investment treaty law and arbitration ... Read more...
79. Investment treaty law and arbitration books chapters Contents Investment treaty law and arbitration books chapters See: Investment treaty law and arbitration books Investment treaty law and arbitration ... Read more...
80. Investment Treaty Cases: U.S.as respondent State Contents Investment Treaty Cases: United States as respondent State See: Bilateral Investment Treaties by countries Investment treaty law and arbitration ... Read more...
81. Investment Treaty Cases: ICSID arbitration rules A-E Contents Investment Treaty Cases: ICSID arbitration rules A-E See: Investment Treaty Cases: ICSID arbitration rules F-Q Investment Treaty Cases: ICSID ... Read more...
82. Investment Treaty Cases: ICSID arbitration rules F-Q Investment Treaty Cases: ICSID arbitration rules F-Q See: Investment Treaty Cases: ICSID arbitration rules A-E Investment Treaty Cases: ICSID arbitration ... Read more...
83. Investment Treaty Cases: ICSID arbitration rules R-Z Contents Investment Treaty Cases: ICSID arbitration rules R-Z See: Investment Treaty Cases: ICSID arbitration rules A-E Investment Treaty Cases: ICSID ... Read more...
84. Investment Treaty Cases: SCC arbitration rules Contents Investment Treaty Cases: SCC arbitration rules   See: Investment Treaty Cases: ICSID arbitration rules A-E Investment Treaty Cases: ICSID ... Read more...
85. Investment Treaty Cases: UNCITRAL arbitration rules Contents Investment Treaty Cases: UNCITRAL (1976) arbitration rules See: Investment Treaty Cases: SCC arbitration rules Investment Treaty Cases: ICSID arbitration ... Read more...
86. Investment Treaty Cases: arbitration rules Contents Investment Treaty Cases: arbitration rules See: Investment Treaty Cases: ICSID Additional Facility arbitration rules Investment Treaty Cases: SCC arbitration ... Read more...
87. Technical Barriers To Trade A specialized form of nontariff barrier that arises when a nation adopts or retains peculiar product standards. Often, these standards reflect genuine local usages not designed to impede imports; other standards are devised for precisely such purposes. An example of such technical barriers in U.S. e......
88. International Center for Settlement of Investment Disputes International Center for Settlement of Investment Disputes in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of International Center for Settlement of Investment Disputes: An international agency affiliated [...]...
89. Healthcare Access Barriers Literature Review on Healthcare Access Barriers: State Policy Action In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Mary Schmeida offers the following summary about the topic of Healthcare Access Barriers: State Policy Action: Healthcare access is a problem for many [...]...
90. Investment Treaty Cases: ICSID Additional Facility arbitration rules Contents Investment Treaty Cases: ICSID Additional Facility arbitration rules See: Investment Treaty Cases: SCC arbitration rules Investment Treaty Cases: UNCITRAL ... Read more...
91. Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade and International Trade Resources See Also Standards Code...
92. Wto Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade The Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade and the World Trade Organization The Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade in relation to the World Trade Organization (WTO) covers several issues....
93. Entry Entry in Legal Information Retrieval The following is a basic concept of Entry in relation to information retrieval. In addition to this, Entry may be applied to legal texts, including case law, legislation and scholarly works. In displayed indexes, an entry represents and points to a [...]...
94. Consumption Entry Read Entry (Customs) as cross-reference.......
95. Customs Entry Read Entry (Customs) as cross-reference.......
96. Entry Price Under the common agriculture POLICY (read this and related legal terms for further details) of the European Economic Community, the price at which certain imported agricultural products enter EEC commerce. If the entry p......
97. Port of Entry A point designated by a nation's customs authority through which goods may be entered for examination and clearance; ports of entry may be actual ocean ports, land border points, or interior locations to which goods are carried in bond.......
98. Warehouse Entry Read Entry (Customs) as cross-reference.......
99. Visa Entry Visa Entry VisaIntroduction to Visa EntryAn entry visa signifies that the bearer has received official permission to enter a country as a visitor; it does not, however, guarantee admission. Entry visas serve the general purpose of enabling a government to limit and control the entr......
100. Entry Into Force Entry into Force and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Entry into Force provided by the European Union Commission: Typically, the provisions of the treaty determine the date on which the treaty enters into force. Where the treaty does not specify a date, there is a presumption [...]...
101. Entry of Goods Entry of Goods and the Laws of International Trade Entry of goods: Overview Customs Trade Law The entry process Evidence of right to make entry Entry for consumption Entry documents Surety Entry summary documentation Electronic entry: Automated Commercial [...]...
102. Entry in Distress Embracing mainstream international law, this section on entry in distress explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Embracing mainstream international law, this section on entry in distress explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law [...]...
103. Data Entry Resources See Also Computer Fraud Computer Electronic Surveillance Electronic Commerce...
104. Export Entry Modes Export Entry Modes in International Trade Meaning of Export Entry Modes, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): In establishing export channels a company has to decide which functions will be the responsibility of external agents and which will be handled by [...]...
105. Treaty Entry Into Force Conclusion, Entry Into Force, and Reservations In relation to the international law practice and conclusion, entry into force, and reservations in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Treaty Affairs About this subject:Multilateral Nuclear Environment Programme [...]...
106. Entry Into Force of Treaties Embracing mainstream international law, this section on entry into force of treaties explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "treaties, entry into force" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of [...]...
107. Business Entry Rule Resources See Also Business records exception...
108. Entry Into Working Life Resources See Also Education Policy Training Policy...
109. Data Entry Operator Resources See Also Worker Employee Benefits Employ Employment White Collar Worker Blue Collar Worker Labor Right Employee...
110. Import Licensing Import Licensing and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Import Licensing: Procedures requiring the submission of an application or other documentation (other than those [...]...
111. Impact of Preferential Trade Agreements The Impact of Preferential Trade Agreements This section provides an overview of the impact of preferential trade agreements within the legal context of Market Access (Quantitative Restrictions in Goods and Services) in international economic law (Main Regulatory Areas). Resources Further [...]...
112. Provisional Application and Provisional Entry into Force of Treaties Contents Provisional Application and Provisional Entry into Force of international Treaties Provisional Application The growing use of provisional application clauses ... Read more...
113. Entry (Customs) The administrative processing associated with foreign merchandise that has landed in the United States for consumption, warehousing, or other reasons. The act of entry involves the submission to U.S. Customs of documents that identify the owner of the goods, the type and character of the merchandise......
114. Fraudulent Entry The deliberate undervaluing or misclassifying of merchandise for the purpose of evading duties or customs control.......
115. Entry Program In the United States For information about Entry Program in the context of international trade, click here...
116. Bilateral Investment Treaties Contents Bilateral Investment Treaties Bilateral Investment Treaties resources • unctad bilateral investment Treaties online (searchable database) Free trade/sectoral agreements with ... Read more...
117. List of Investment Law e-Journals Contents List of Investment Law e-Journals 401(k) advisor 1080-2142 Accounting and business research 0001-4788 Accounting forum 0155-9982 The American Bankruptcy ... Read more...
118. Defensive Investment An investment undertaken to protect larger commercial interests rather than for the return that the investment itself generates.......
119. European Investment Bank Summary of European Investment Bank A multilateral development bank established in 1958 by the Treaty of Rome for the purpose of assisting in the balanced growth of the European economic community (read this and related legal terms for further details) (EEC). The bank grants long-term loans [...]...
120. Portfolio Investment A minority interest in a foreign venture from which income is derived in the form of dividends; normally such an interest does not convey any significant control over the management or operations of the foreign firm.......