Related Entries of the International Encyclopedia:

1. Opinion Concept of Opinion Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Embracing mainstream international law, this section on opinion explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Opinion and Europe There is an entry on opinion [...]...
2. Political Action Committee Concept of Political Action Committee Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Concept of Political Action Committee Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Voting Campaigns [...]...
3. Trade Union Meaning of European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC) Here is a very short concept of european trade union confederation (etuc) in the European Union framework: The principal trade union lobby group in Brussels. Resources See Also Civil Liberty Civil Right Legal Right Citizen Freedom Political [...]...
4. Affiliate Company Definition of Affiliate Company in International Trade The following is a concept of Affiliate Company in the context of international trade law, from the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A Company that is less than 50% owned by a parent company; the parents acts as [...]...
5. Captured Agency Concept of Captured Agency Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Economy Public Policy...
6. Party Convention Party Convention in Election Law Periodic meeting of a party's leaders and delegates to discuss and approve the party's platform and position on key questions in an upcoming election, as well as to elect the party leaders for a given period, usually until the next convention. During a [...]...
7. Collective Action Concept of Collective Action Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Participation Interest Groups Lobbying...
8. Concentrated Benefits Concept of Concentrated Benefits Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Participation Interest Groups Lobbying...
9. Contract Lobbyist Concept of Contract Lobbyist Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Participation Interest Groups Lobbying...
10. Depression Concept of Depression Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Economy Public Policy...
11. Entitlement Concept of Entitlement Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Economy Public Policy...
12. Privatize Concept of Privatize Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Economy Public Policy...
13. Safety Net Concept of Safety Net Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Economy Public Policy...
14. Tax Expenditure Concept of Tax Expenditure Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Economy Public Policy...
15. Trade Association Concept of Trade Association Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Participation Interest Groups Lobbying...
16. Committee Concept of Committee Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Congress Resources See Also Government Government Contract Local Government Public Administration Administrative Law Public Law...
17. Confidentiality Agreement Confidentiality Agreement in International Trade Meaning of Confidentiality Agreement, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A type of contract used to protect sensitive technical or commercial information from disclosure to others. Such agreement is often [...]...
18. Elite Theory Concept of Elite Theory Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Economy Public Policy...
19. Free Rider Concept of Free Rider Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Economy Public Policy...
20. Iron Triangle Concept of Iron Triangle Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Economy Public Policy...
21. Progressive Taxation Concept of Progressive Taxation Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Economy Public Policy...
22. Regressive Taxation Concept of Regressive Taxation Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Economy Public Policy...
23. Laissez-faire Laissez Faire Summary of Laissez Faire A doctrine that government should refrain from any form of trade regulation, leaving productivity and distribution of wealth purely to market forces and individual industry. The concept arose around the beginning of the eighteenth century in France, [...]...
24. Federal Reserve Board Concept of Federal Reserve Board Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Economy Public Policy...
25. Proportional (flat) Taxation Concept of Proportional (flat) Taxation Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Economy Public Policy...
26. Public Interest Concept of Public Interest Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Participation Interest Groups Lobbying Resources See Also Social Policy Social Development Sociology Public Policy Social Law...
27. Gerrymandering Gerrymandering in Election Law North American political term used to describe the deliberate division or redrawing of electoral districts/ constituencies in a way which gives a political party or candidate an advantage on election day. Concept of Gerrymandering Note: explore also the meaning [...]...
28. Non-partisan Concept of Non-partisan Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Parties...
29. Social Media Confidentiality ContentsSocial Media ConfidentialitySocial Media Confidentiality for LawyersBreaching ConfidentialityWarning ClientsSocial Media Confidential InformationSocial Media Confidentiality AgreementSocial Media Confidentiality PolicySocial Media Confidentiality ... Read more...
30. Compound Compound Term in Legal Information Retrieval The following is a basic concept of Compound Term in relation to information retrieval. In addition to this, Compound Term may be applied to legal texts, including case law, legislation and scholarly works. Compound term can refer to a term [...]...
31. Common Law System Concept of Common Law System Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Judiciary...
32. Concurrent Jurisdiction Concept of Concurrent Jurisdiction Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Judiciary...
33. Conference Committee Concept of Conference Committee Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Congress...
34. Constitutional Amendment Concept of Constitutional Amendment Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Constitution Federalism...
35. Interest Group Concept of Interest Group Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Participation Interest Groups Lobbying Resources See Also Government Government Contract Local Government Public Administration Administrative Law [...]...
36. European Company European Company and Europe There is an entry on european company in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "European Company" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", by Rodney Leach (Profile [...]...
37. Political Party Political Party in Election Law Organisation of people who share the same opinions, principles and aspirations regarding how society should be managed and who wish to implement these by obtaining power. Concept of Political Party Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the [...]...
38. Electioneering Concept of Electioneering Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Participation Interest Groups Lobbying...
39. Issue Ads Concept of Issue Ads Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Participation Interest Groups Lobbying...
40. Litigating Concept of Litigating Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Participation Interest Groups Lobbying...
41. Lobbyist Concept of Lobbyist Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Participation Interest Groups Lobbying...
42. Competition The Legal History of Competition This section provides an overview of Competition Concept of Competition Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Introduction This entry provides an overview of the legal framework of competition, with a description [...]...
43. European Option European Option in International Trade Note: there is more information about this term in the European legal Encyclopedia. Meaning of European Option, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A foreign exchange type of contract containing a provision to the [...]...
44. Cooperative Federalism Concept of Cooperative Federalism Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Constitution Federalism...
45. Economic Policy Concept of Economic Policy Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Economy Public Policy Resources See Also Social Policy Social Development Sociology Public Policy Social Law...
46. Political Participation Concept of Political Participation Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Participation Interest Groups Lobbying Resources See Also Electoral System Electoral College Voting...
47. Political Cooperation Meaning of European Political Co-operation (EPC) Here is a very short concept of european political co-operation (epc) in the European Union framework: The predecessor to the Common Foreign and Security Policy, EPC never progressed beyond rhetoric. Resources Notas y References See Also...
48. Electoral College Concept of Electoral College Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Concept of Electoral College Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Voting Campaigns Elections Resources See [...]...
49. Advice and Consent Concept of Advice and Consent Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Concept of Advice and Consent Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Description of Advice and Consent Resources See Also United [...]...
50. Jacksonian Democrats Concept of Jacksonian Democrats Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Parties...
51. Party Identification Concept of Party Identification Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Parties...
52. Party Platform Concept of Party Platform Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Parties...
53. Yellow Dog Democrat Concept of Yellow Dog Democrat Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Parties...
54. Astroturf Campaign Concept of Astroturf Campaign Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Participation Interest Groups Lobbying...
55. Disturbance Theory Concept of Disturbance Theory Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Participation Interest Groups Lobbying...
56. Elite Concept of Elite Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Economy Public Policy Resources See Also Social Integration Social Exclusion Community integration Social integration Racial integration Social Engagement [...]...
57. Entrepreneurial Theory Concept of Entrepreneurial Theory Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Participation Interest Groups Lobbying...
58. Grass Roots Concept of Grass Roots Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Participation Interest Groups Lobbying...
59. In-house Lobbyists Concept of In-house Lobbyists Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Participation Interest Groups Lobbying...
60. Watchdog Group Concept of Watchdog Group Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Participation Interest Groups Lobbying...
61. Eurostat Eurostat in International Trade Note: there is more information about this term in the European legal Encyclopedia. Meaning of Eurostat, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Eurostat is the Statistical Office of the European Union. Its task is to provide the [...]...
62. Managing Director Managing Director in International Trade Meaning of Managing Director, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A managing director is someone who is responsible for the daily operations of a company, organization, or corporate division. In some countries, the [...]...
63. Direct Lobbying Concept of Direct Lobbying Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Participation Interest Groups Lobbying...
64. Contract Term Definition of As is in International Trade The following is a concept of As is in the context of international trade law, from the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A contract term by which the buyer of goods takes them in the condition they are in without any warranties [...]...
65. Commerce Clause The Legal History of Commerce Clause This section provides an overview of Commerce Clause Concept of Commerce Clause Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Constitution Federalism Resources See Also Commerce Cooley doctrine [...]...
66. Capital Felony Concept of Capital Felony Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Judiciary...
67. Categorical Grant Concept of Categorical Grant Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Constitution Federalism...
68. Chief of State Concept of Chief of State Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Presidency Executive Power...
69. Classical Liberalism Concept of Classical Liberalism Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Democracy Citizenship...
70. Critical Election Concept of Critical Election Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Voting Campaigns Elections...
71. Developing Nations Concept of Developing Nations An introductory definition of Developing Nations is provided here: A term used to refer to nation states whose economic and political structures are not well developed, in relation to the wealthier, industrialized world. Developing nations have low income levels [...]...
72. Monetary Policy Monetary Policy (in the Human Development Area) In this context, Monetary Policy means: the complex of actions aiming to regulate the money supply in a country. By changing banking interest rate, or acting on open securities' market, a government either enlarges or diminishes inflow of [...]...
73. Europhobe Meaning of Europhobe Here is a very short concept of europhobe in the European Union framework: One who distrusts all the objectives and methods of the European Union, perhaps from xenophobic motives (see more in the European legal encyclopedia). Also used by Europhiles as a term of [...]...
74. Comparative Advantage Revealed Comparative Advantage and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Revealed Comparative Advantage: A measure of relative competitive performance of a country's exporters of a particular [...]...
75. Hard Money Hard Money (currency) in International Trade Meaning of Hard Money (currency), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Currency of a nation having stability in the country and abroad. Refers to currency that is accepted internationally and freely convertible. [...]...
76. Executive Agreement Concept of Executive Agreement An introductory definition of Executive Agreement is provided here: A formal agreement between the President of the United States and a foreign country, which has the effect of law. An executive agreement differs from a treaty in that the President must submit a [...]...
77. European Defence Initiative Meaning of European Defence Initiative Here is a very short concept of european defence initiative in the European Union framework: European Defence Initiative' is a commonly used term for what is strictly known as the European Security and Defence Identity, or ESDI. Resources Notas y [...]...
78. Company Law The Legal History of Company Law This section provides an overview of Company Law Applied Company Law Contents of Applied Company Law Contents of this subject matter include: Introduction; Alternative Business Structures Characteristics of a Company Company's liability in Crime, Contract [...]...
79. Complex Complex Term in Legal Information RetrievalThe following is a basic concept of Complex Term in relation to information retrieval. In addition to this, Complex Term may be applied to legal texts, including case law, legislation and scholarly works. Sometimes complex term is used for a single [...]...
80. Company Union Company union in the International Trade Union Rights Area Definition of Company union provided by ITUC-CSI-IGB: Can be used to describe either an enterprise union or a yellow union. Resources See Also Trade Unionism Trade Union Chartism Trade Union Legislation Resources Trade Union Topics [...]...
81. Unilateral Unilateral in International Trade Meaning of Unilateral, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): An action taken by a single country on its own initiative, and not in any way dependent upon or conditional upon the actions of any other country or countries. [...]...
82. Convention of 1919 Concerning Employment of Women During the Night Interpretation of the Convention of 1919 Concerning Employment of Women During the Night Opinion Embracing mainstream international law, this section on interpretation of the convention of 1919 concerning employment of women during the night opinion explores the context, history and effect of [...]...
83. Currency Currency in International Trade Meaning of Currency, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The circulating media of exchange in a country. Includes money and such financial instruments as checks. Resources See Also Public Finance Public Policy Tax Law [...]...
84. Rules and Regulations Concept of Rules and Regulations Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law....
85. Mass Media Resources See Also Media Propaganda Media Law Entertainment Law...
86. Coverage Coverage and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Coverage: The extent of applicability of a trade action, agreement, or policy....
87. The Commons Concept of The Commons Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law....
88. Consignment Summary of Consignment Goods in transit under a bill of lading (read this and related legal terms for further details)(Main Author: William J. Miller) Consignment in International Trade Meaning of Consignment, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global [...]...
89. Ad Hoc Committee Concept of Ad Hoc Committee Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Congress...
90. Bicameralism Concept of Bicameralism Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Congress...
91. G-8 Nations Concept of G-8 Nations An introductory definition of G-8 Nations is provided here: The "Group of 8" major industrial nations (now Britain, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, and the United States) whose heads of state meet annually to discuss economic and political issues [...]...
92. Majoritarianism Concept of Majoritarianism Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Constitution Federalism...
93. Plaintiff Concept of Plaintiff Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Judiciary...
94. Pro Tempore Concept of Pro Tempore Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Congress...
95. Republicanism Concept of Republicanism Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Constitution Federalism...
96. Supermajoritarianism Concept of Supermajoritarianism Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Constitution Federalism...
97. U.s. Senate Concept of U.s. Senate Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Congress...
98. Whip Concept of Whip Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Congress...
99. Space Meaning of Ariane (Alternative Meaning: see also translation in this reference) Here is a very short concept of ariane in the European Union framework: A French-designed rocket launcher for commercial satellites (see more in the European legal encyclopedia). (See European Space Agency in the [...]...
100. Cooperation Agreement Meaning of Co-operation Agreement Here is a very short concept of co-operation agreement in the European Union framework: An aid-and-trade agreement between the EU and a less developed country, often nowadays containing human rights conditions, to the irritation of the recipient government. [...]...
101. Collection categories and entries Collection categories and entries ContentsConclusionNotesSee AlsoReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/sMentioned in these Entries Conclusion Notes See Also ... Read more...
102. Competence Competence, in law, the quality or condition of being legally qualified to perform an act. (1) References See Also Legal Profession Duties Lawyers Competence and Europe There is an entry on competence in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Legal Profession Duties Lawyers [...]...
103. Conservatism Conservatism, a general state of mind that is averse to rapid change and innovation and strives for balance and order, while avoiding extremes. Originally conservatism arose as a reaction against the Age of Enlightenment (see Enlightenment, Age of). Conservatives advocated belief in faith over [...]...
104. Conflicts of Interest References See Also Legal Profession Duties Lawyers Resources See Also Legal Profession Duties Lawyers...
105. Counseling Counseling and Mediation Explained References See Also Legal Profession (in international or comparative law) Duties (in international or comparative law) Lawyers (in international or comparative law) Resources See Also Legal Profession Duties Lawyers...
106. Community Charter Resources See Also Civil Liberty Civil Right Legal Right Citizen Freedom Political Liberty Constitutional Right Political Right Freedom of Speech...
107. Corpus Juris Secundum 2 Contents Corpus Juris Secundum (C.J.S.)ConclusionNotesSee AlsoReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/sMentioned in these Entries Corpus Juris Secundum (C.J.S.) ... Read more...
108. Advocacy "Advocacy is the art of persuasion" Advocacy may be a promotion of a cause or point of view. It is also a general term related to a legal professional (advocate) who represents a client's interests in the courtroom; this term has no particular standing in English law, but is used in [...]...
109. Court Reports Court reports (also called “reports”) are published collections of histories of legal cases, with the arguments used by counsel and ... Read more...
110. Censorship Introduction Censorship, supervision and control of the information and ideas that are circulated among the people within a society. In modern times, censorship refers to the examination of books, periodicals, plays, films, television and radio programs, news reports, and other [...]...
111. Libertarianism Libertarianism Definition Libertarianism, political philosophy emphasizing the rights of the individual. The doctrine of libertarianism stresses the right to self-ownership and, by extension, the right to private ownership of material resources and property. Advocates oppose any form of [...]...
112. Court Reporter Intern ContentsCourt Reporter InternIntroductionCourt Reporter Intern: Transcripts of Official ActivitiesProfessional DutiesCharacteristics of the ProfessionCourt Reporter Intern TrainingCareer DevelopmentSee Also Court Reporter ... Read more...
113. Constitutional Lawyer Jobs, Salaries and Careers See more about legal careers here. Constitutional Lawyer Jobs Constitutional Lawyer Salary Constitutional Lawyer Career How to Become a Constitutional Lawyer Constitutional Lawyer Description What a Constitutional Lawyer Do? Law Clerks In the United [...]...
114. Liberalism The Liberals While the adjetive of the term means "Marked by generosity", a used definition of liberal regards the person who is open-minded or not strict in the observance of orthodox, traditional, or established forms or ways. Earl Killian thinks that a liberal is the person [...]...
115. Public Opinion Public Opinion and the United Nations Further Reading A concise encyclopedia of the United Nations (including Public Opinion, H Volger, KA Annan -2010) The Oxford Handbook on the United Nations (TG Weiss - 2007) International Law: A Dictionary (including Public Opinion, Boczek, Boleslaw Adam [...]...
116. Civil Liberties The Legal History of Civil Rights and Civil Liberties in United States Law This section provides an overview of Civil Rights and Civil Liberties in United States Law Embracing mainstream international law, this section on civil liberties explores the context, history and effect of the area of [...]...
117. Culture Culture and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Culture provided by the European Union Commission: Whilst the will to conduct cultural activities at European level was apparent as early as the 1970s, it was not until 1991 that culture was officially given a place in European [...]...
118. Attentive Public Concept of Attentive Public Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Ideology Public Opinion Media...
119. Diligence and Communication References See Also Legal Profession Duties Lawyers...
120. Duties of Lawyers Duties and Obligations of Lawyers: Main Elements The coverage of Duties and Obligations of Lawyers includes the following main elements: Competence For detailed information on this issue, please read the corresponding entry. Diligence and Communication Please, refer to the appropiate entry [...]...