Related Entries of the International Encyclopedia:

1. Policy Research Literature Review on Policy Research: Measuring Benefits In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Henry E. Kilpatrick offers the following summary about the topic of Policy Research: Measuring Benefits: This entry discusses issues in evaluating social science [...]...
2. Technology Policy Technology Policy and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Technology Policy: Government measures or programs to promote innovation and adoption of new technologies in key industries. Such tools [...]...
3. Development Policy Literature Review on Development Policy In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Lawrence S. Graham offers the following summary about the topic of Development Policy: Development policy is the overarching term we use today in public administration and public [...]...
4. Policy Process Literature Review on (Policy Analysis) Policy Process Models In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Thomas A. Birkland offers the following summary about the topic of (Policy Analysis) Policy Process Models: The simplest definition of the term "public [...]...
5. Win-Win Policy Literature Review on (Policy Making) Win-Win Policy Solutions In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Stuart S. Nagel offers the following summary about the topic of (Policy Making) Win-Win Policy Solutions: Win–win policy refers to public policy that is capable [...]...
6. Policy Values Literature Review on Policy Analysis and Values In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Steven A. Peterson offers the following summary about the topic of Policy Analysis and Values: Values structure policy analysis. This entry examines the role of individual [...]...
7. Policy Making in Local Government Literature Review on Policy Making in Local Government In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Jeremy L. Hall offers the following summary about the topic of Policy Making in Local Government: Local policy making, while similar, differs in important ways from [...]...
8. Policy Change Literature Review on Policy Change In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] James L. True offers the following summary about the topic of Policy Change: Government policies sometimes undergo major changes. A new purpose is undertaken, or a new program is [...]...
9. Defense Policy Literature Review on (Defense and Military Policy) Casualty Aversion In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Yagil Levy offers the following summary about the topic of (Defense and Military Policy) Casualty Aversion: This entry describes the emergence of the [...]...
10. Public Policy Discourse Literature Review on (Ethics) Biomedical and Public Policy Discourse In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] John Abbott Worthley offers the following summary about the topic of (Ethics) Biomedical and Public Policy Discourse: What is the nature of public [...]...
11. Feminist Comparative Policy Literature Review on (Policy Analysis) Feminist Comparative Policy In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Amy G. Mazur offers the following summary about the topic of (Policy Analysis) Feminist Comparative Policy: This entry maps out a new area of policy [...]...
12. Education Policy Related Fields Related topics include: Education Policy Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Training Policy Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Related Fields Related topics include: Government Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Government [...]...
13. Public Administration Political Science: Fields in Political Science: Public Administration Introduction to Public Administration Political scientists interested in public administration study government organizations and their relation to other parts of government. Political scientists investigate how these [...]...
14. Policy Diffusion Literature Review on Policy Diffusion In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Karen Mossberger offers the following summary about the topic of Policy Diffusion: Policy diffusion involves the spread of policy ideas across political jurisdictions. This entry [...]...
15. Policy Networks Literature Review on Policy Networks In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Jack W. Meek offers the following summary about the topic of Policy Networks: Policy networks have become the center of attention among scholars in political science, policy and policy [...]...
16. Policy Sciences Literature Review on (Policy Analysis) Policy Sciences Approach In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Peter deLeon and Christine R. Martell provide the following summary about the topic of (Policy Analysis) Policy Sciences Approach: This entry describes the [...]...
17. Policy Design Literature Review on Policy Design In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Anne L. Schneider and Helen Ingram provide the following summary about the topic of Policy Design: Policy design refers to the content and substance of public policy—the tools, [...]...
18. Policy Implementation Literature Review on Policy Implementation In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Ann O'M. Bowman offers the following summary about the topic of Policy Implementation: Implementation makes a policy happen; it gives a policy life. Policy formulation and [...]...
19. Public Policy Formation Literature Review on (Policy Making) Ambiguity and Public Policy Formation In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Nikolaos Zahariadis offers the following summary about the topic of (Policy Making) Ambiguity and Public Policy Formation: Multiple streams (MS) is [...]...
20. Natural Resource Policy Literature Review on Natural Resource Policy: Institutional Aspects In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Amy R. Poteete offers the following summary about the topic of Natural Resource Policy: Institutional Aspects: Natural resource systems are often [...]...
21. Public Service Literature Review on Public Service In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Richard A. Loverd offers the following summary about the topic of Public Service: Public service can be analyzed as a place of employment or an attitude. While the challenges are great, [...]...
22. American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research: A research and educational organization, [...]...
23. Public Policy Administration Literature Review on Constitutional Constraints: Public Policy Administration In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Matthew Woessner offers the following summary about the topic of Constitutional Constraints: Public Policy Administration: By fragmenting the [...]...
24. Narrative Policy Literature Review on (Policy Analysis) Narrative Policy Framework In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Elizabeth Shanahan, Michael D. Jones and Mark K. McBeth provide the following summary about the topic of (Policy Analysis) Narrative Policy Framework: [...]...
25. Policy Termination Literature Review on Policy Termination In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Mark R. Daniels offers the following summary about the topic of Policy Termination: This entry reviews the literature on policy termination, which occurs when one policy is adopted [...]...
26. Government Failure Literature Review on (Public Administration Theory) Government Failure In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Thomas S. Nesslein offers the following summary about the topic of (Public Administration Theory) Government Failure: This entry presents a contrast [...]...
27. Network Analysis Literature Review on (Public Administration Theory) Network Analysis In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Naim Kapucu offers the following summary about the topic of (Public Administration Theory) Network Analysis: With the increase in network analysis-based [...]...
28. Social Media in the Public Sector Literature Review on Social Media in the Public Sector In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Ines Mergel offers the following summary about the topic of Social Media in the Public Sector: Social media applications are extending the one-directional static [...]...
29. Government Law Government ......
30. Citizen Participation Literature Review on Citizen Participation In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Terry F. Buss offers the following summary about the topic of Citizen Participation: With the explosive growth of information technology both in hardware (mobile phones, [...]...
31. Criminal Justice Policy Literature Review on Criminal Justice Policy In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Barbara Sims offers the following summary about the topic of Criminal Justice Policy: As is the case with any public agency, criminal justice agencies must constantly struggle [...]...
32. Participatory Policy Literature Review on (Policy Analysis) Participatory Policy Analysis In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Virginia Eubanks offers the following summary about the topic of (Policy Analysis) Participatory (Policy Analysis) Participatory policy analysis (PPA) is [...]...
33. Trade Policy Research Centre Trade Policy Research Centre in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Trade Policy Research Centre: A London-based organization established in 1968 to promote independent research and discussion of [...]...
34. Foreign Policy Analysis Literature Review on Foreign Policy Analysis In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Eric K. Leonard offers the following summary about the topic of Foreign Policy Analysis: In the 1950s, the field of international politics (IP) split in two. The study of IP [...]...
35. Barry Bozeman Literature Review on Barry Bozeman In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Mary K. Feeney offers the following summary about the topic of Barry Bozeman: Professor Barry Bozeman is probably best known in the field of public administration for his contributions to [...]...
36. Affirmative Action Policy Literature Review on Brazil: Affirmative Action Policy in Brazil In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Stanley R. Bailey and Michelle Peria provide the following summary about the topic of Affirmative Action Policy in Brazil: The case of affirmative action in [...]...
37. Ethnographic Research Literature Review on Ethnographic Research In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Merlijn van Hulst, Martijn Koster and Jeroen Vermeulen provide the following summary about the topic of Ethnographic Research: This entry outlines three aspects of ethnographic [...]...
38. Public Relations in Public Administration Literature Review on Public Relations in Public Administration In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Mordecai Lee offers the following summary about the topic of Public Relations in Public Administration: By its very nature, public administration is a public [...]...
39. Action Research Literature Review on (Research Methods) Action Research In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Neil M. Boyd offers the following summary about the topic of (Research Methods) Action Research: Action research is a reflective inquiry approach that is focused on [...]...
40. Communication Technology Policy World Telecommunication/information and Communication Technology Policy Forum in 2013 United States views on international law [1] in relation to World Telecommunication/information and Communication Technology Policy Forum: In May 2013, the United States sent a delegation to the World [...]...
41. Institutional Economics Literature Review on (Public Administration Theory) New Institutional Economics In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Brian E. Dollery and Joe L. Wallis provide the following summary about the topic of (Public Administration Theory) New Institutional [...]...
42. Economic Policy Concept of Economic Policy Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Economy Public Policy Resources See Also Social Policy Social Development Sociology Public Policy Social Law...
43. Disability Policy Literature Review on Disability Policy In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Paula Campos Pinto and Elisa Fiala provide the following summary about the topic of Disability Policy: Disability policy refers to the creation and implementation of laws, [...]...
44. Corporate Policy In the United States For information about Corporate Policy in the context of international trade, click here...
45. Military Policy Literature Review on (Defense and Military Policy) Postmodern Perspectives In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Anders McDonald Sookermany offers the following summary about the topic of (Defense and Military Policy) Postmodern Perspectives: This entry [...]...
46. Crime Control Policy Literature Review on Guatemala: Crime Control Policy In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Krystin Krause offers the following summary about the topic of Guatemala: Crime Control Policy: Following the signing of the Peace Accords that ended a 36-year civil [...]...
47. Open Systems Theory Literature Review on Organization Theory: Open Systems Theory In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Rupert F. Chisholm offers the following summary about the topic of Organization Theory: Open Systems Theory: Because all living systems are open (versus closed [...]...
48. Research Methodology Literature Review on (Research Methods) Q Methodology In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Dan Durning offers the following summary about the topic of (Research Methods) Q Methodology: Q methodology was created as a method for the systematic study of [...]...
49. Reversal of Enforcement Policy In the United States For information about Reversal of enforcement policy in the context of international trade, click here...
50. Social Risks Literature Review on (Social Policy) New Social Risks In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Giuliano Bonoli offers the following summary about the topic of (Social Policy) New Social Risks: The notion of "new social risks" refers to situations that [...]...
51. Centre for Economic Policy Research Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR) in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR): A British research institute specializing in international trade and [...]...
52. Foreign Policy COREU (CORespondance EUropéenne) and the Treaties of the European Union Description of COREU (CORespondance EUropéenne) provided by the European Union Commission: Coreu is an EU communication network between the Member States and the Commission for cooperation in the fields of [...]...
53. Acquisitions In the United States For information about Acquisitions in the context of international trade, click here Tax Issues in Mergers and Acquisitions Export Control in Merger and Acquisitions Acquisitions Intellectual Property and Competition Law Resources See Also Library Law Library Legal [...]...
54. Sciences Literature Review on (Public Administration Theory) New Sciences Approach In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Göktu_ Morçöl offers the following summary about the topic of (Public Administration Theory) New Sciences Approach: "New Sciences" is a [...]...
55. Administrative Reform Literature Review on Ethics and Administrative Reform In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Jeroen Maesschalck offers the following summary about the topic of Ethics and Administrative Reform: The implementation of "new public management" as well as [...]...
56. Price Policy Related Fields Related topics include: Economic Development Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Social development Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Price Policy Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Price Control Find this subject in this World [...]...
57. Public Policy (Ordre Public) Public Policy (Ordre Public) in Private International Law This section contain conflict of laws information and cross references related to public policy (ordre public) on some major countries and additional jurisdictions. It covers key issues involved when citizens face international [...]...
58. Electronic Library Resources See Also Library Law Library Legal Deposit Public Law Library Information Science Research Investigation Legal Research Study...
59. Industrial Policy Industrial Policy and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Industrial Policy: A program of selective government interventions designed to change the sectoral composition of a country's economy [...]...
60. Industrialization Policy Resources See Also Government Government Contract Local Government Public Administration Administrative Law Public Law...
61. Information Letter A pronouncement by the headquarters of the U.S. Customs Service drawing attention to or illuminating already established interpretations of customs law, without addressing a particular set of facts.......
62. Information Spanish Translation of provide information [obligation to] This is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to provide information [obligation to] and / or a definition of this topic: Información (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry). [...]...
63. Information Society Information Society and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Information Society provided by the European Union Commission: The information society is synonymous with what is meant by "new information and communication technologies" (ICT). Since the beginning of the 90s, [...]...
64. Information Exports In the United States For information about Information exports in the context of international trade, click here...
65. Information Officer Information Officer in Election Law Person appointed by the election authority to provide information to the public, generally in every polling station. The information officer guides voters and provides assistance to those who experience difficulties in exercising their right to vote. [...]...
66. Information Theft Theft of Digital Information and Related internet Crimes in the Context of Internet Law Read, in this legal Encyclopedia, about the topic of this section, and, specially, about Criminal and Related Civil Remedies for Software and Digital Information Theft...
67. Information Assurance Overview of Information Assurance in relation to cyber crime: [1]Protecting critical information infrastructure (CII) has occurred since at least World War II, during which the United States relied on wired and wireless communications systems. Some writers have even observed that CII began [...]...
68. Information Technology Law Most Popular Entries related to Information Technology Law Technology Law (in the World) Information Technology Law (in the World) Technology Law Degree (in the World) Technology Lawyer (in the World) Technology Law Schools (in the World) Computer Technology Law (in the World) Science [...]...
69. Information Science Related Fields Related topics include: Computer Fraud Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Computer Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Electronic Surveillance Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Electronic Commerce Find this subject in [...]...
70. Information Systems Literature Review on Information Systems In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Mary Maureen Brown and Piper S. Charles provide the following summary about the topic of Information Systems: Information systems can provide accurate, reliable, and timely [...]...
71. Information Technology Literature Review on Information Technology: State Government Use and Management In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Paul M. Chalekian offers the following summary about the topic of Information Technology: State Government Use and Management: The effective [...]...
72. Information Warfare Literature Review on Information Warfare In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Alan Chong offers the following summary about the topic of Information Warfare: Information warfare is a systematic attempt to penetrate the enemy's secrecy and to displace his [...]...
73. Information Retrieval Cognitive and Psychological Factors in Cross-language Information Retrieval, the Law and other Social Sciences While a lot of research has focused on the effectiveness of system functionality, few studies have examined information needs and social aspects related to cross-language information [...]...
74. Information Age Encouraging Digital Literacy and Ict Competency in the Information Age, the Law and other Social Sciences This article determines the overview of digital literacy and ICT competency, the encouragement of digital literacy in the information age, and the encouragement of ICT competency in the [...]...
75. Information Literacy Importance of Information Literacy: University Students' Perspective, the Law and other Social Sciences It is said that we live in an information society. In this scenario, information becomes a key aspect in everybody's professional and personal lives. Thus, a new concept appears: [...]...
76. Information Seeking Information Seeking Models in the Digital Age, the Law and other Social Sciences A model may be defined as a structure for thinking about a problem and may evolve into a statement of the relationships among theoretical propositions. Most models of information behavior are generally the [...]...
77. Information Industry Resources See Also Further Reading Information related to information industry in the Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law(MPEPIL), Germany, United Kingdom...
78. Information Service Resources See Also Further Reading Information related to information service in the Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law(MPEPIL), Germany, United Kingdom...
79. Information Source Resources See Also Further Reading Information related to information source in the Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law(MPEPIL), Germany, United Kingdom...
80. Information Management Resources See Also Business Company Corporation Enterprise...
81. Information System Resources See Also Business Company Corporation Enterprise...
82. Information Theory Resources See Also Communication Information...
83. INFORMATION MATERIALS Resources See Also Document Information Science Research Investigation Legal Research Study...
84. Industrial Information Resources See Also Industry Industrial Unionism Labor Law Industrial Disputes Business Law...
85. Information Exchange Resources See Also Library Law Library Legal Deposit Public Law Library Information Science Research Investigation Legal Research Study...
86. Information Kit Resources See Also Library Law Library Legal Deposit Public Law Library Information Science Research Investigation Legal Research Study...
87. Information Needs Resources See Also Library Law Library Legal Deposit Public Law Library Information Science Research Investigation Legal Research Study...
88. Information Processing Resources See Also Library Law Library Legal Deposit Public Law Library Information Science Research Investigation Legal Research Study...
89. Information Sector Resources See Also Library Law Library Legal Deposit Public Law Library Information Science Research Investigation Legal Research Study...
90. Information Services Resources See Also Library Law Library Legal Deposit Public Law Library Information Science Research Investigation Legal Research Study...
91. Information User Resources See Also Library Law Library Legal Deposit Public Law Library Information Science Research Investigation Legal Research Study...
92. Information Dissemination Resources See Also Political Movement Social Movement Grassroots Socialism...
93. Information Network Resources See Also Publishing Publishing Contract Legal Publisher Academic Publishing...
94. Information Center Resources See Also World Bank Bank Regulation History of Banking Functions of the World Bank...
95. International Legal Sources of Information Contents International Legal Sources of Information In Argentina According to B. Luz Clara, in Argentina, “the best example of Documentary ... Read more...
96. Information Systems Security Association Overview of Information Systems Security Association in relation to cyber crime: [1]One example of a local ISSA chapter is based in Rochester, New York. Its members are employed in numerous firms and large corporations, as well as in government and nonprofit organizations. Consultant [...]...
97. Information Wills Probate Most Popular Entries related to Information Wills Probate Types of Trusts (in the World) Living Trusts (in the World) Revocable Trusts (in the World) Business Trusts (in the World) Irrevocable Trust (in the World) Probate (in the World) Probate Definition (in the World) Avoiding [...]...
98. Information Centric Networking Information Centric Networking, the Law and other Social Sciences Information centric networking is an emerging networking paradigm that envisages to solve the shortcomings of the host centric Internet. The usage of Internet has moved away from the initial host centric remote access one to [...]...
99. Information Technology Sector Integrating Sustainability and Csr in the Value Chain of the Information Technology Sector, the Law and other Social Sciences In today's economy information technology (IT) companies must increasingly compete for resources and customers, and consumer interests and resource scarcity are [...]...
100. International Federation for Information and Documentation Resources See Also International Organization Foreign Relations Intergovernmental Organization Regional Organization Regional Integration...
101. International Information Systems Resources See Also Library Law Library Legal Deposit Public Law Library Information Science Research Investigation Legal Research Study...
102. International Occupational Safety and Health Information Center of the ILO Resources See Also World Bank Bank Regulation History of Banking Functions of the World Bank...
103. Insurance Policy Spanish Translation of insurance policyThis is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to insurance policy and / or a definition of this topic: Póliza de Seguro (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry)....
104. Insurance Policy Supplement Spanish Translation of insurance policy supplementThis is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to insurance policy supplement and / or a definition of this topic: Adición (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry)....
105. Intellectual Property Policy Intellectual Property Law and Policy Contents of Intellectual Property Law and Policy Contents of this subject matter include: (Copyright Law – introduction, subsistence and exclusive rights; Copyright law – balancing the interests, dealing with copyright) Patents and Biotechnology [...]...
106. International Environmental Policy International Environmental Law, Policy and Implementation Contents of International Environmental Law, Policy and Implementation Contents of this subject matter include: Origins and development of IEL Sources and conceptual framework of IEL Air and atmospheric pollution Biological diversity [...]...
107. Environmental Policy Literature Review on Environmental Policy in Brazil In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Rebecca Neaera Abers offers the following summary about the topic of Environmentalism and Environmental Policy in Brazil: This entry argues that since the origin of [...]...
108. Science Policy Literature Review on Science Policy: NSF and Research Ethics In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Linda L. Layne offers the following summary about the topic of Science Policy: NSF and Research Ethics: The federal regulations that shape the way research [...]...
109. Tariff Policy Related Fields Related topics include: International Trade Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Trade Regulation Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. International Economic Law Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Export License Find this subject in [...]...
110. Agricultural Policy Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and Europe There is an entry on common agricultural policy (cap) in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Government Government Contract Local Government Public Administration Administrative Law Public Law Resources See Also Further Reading [...]...
111. International Policy Making Leadership and Policy Making in International Economic Law This section provides an overview of leadership and policy making in international economic law within the legal context of Architecture in international economic law.. Resources Further Reading Diane A Desierto, "Leadership and [...]...
112. Incomes Policy Resources See Also Economic Development Social development...
113. Investment Policy Resources See Also Economic Development Social development...
114. Fishery Policy Resources See Also Government Government Contract Local Government Public Administration Administrative Law Public Law Resources See Also Fishery Fisheries Law Fishing License...
115. Cultural Policy Resources See Also Government Government Contract Local Government Public Administration Administrative Law Public Law...
116. Employment Policy Resources See Also Government Government Contract Local Government Public Administration Administrative Law Public Law...
117. Energy Policy Resources See Also Government Government Contract Local Government Public Administration Administrative Law Public Law...
118. Migration Policy Resources See Also Government Government Contract Local Government Public Administration Administrative Law Public Law...
119. Research Policy Resources See Also Government Government Contract Local Government Public Administration Administrative Law Public Law...
120. Telecommunications Policy Resources See Also Government Government Contract Local Government Public Administration Administrative Law Public Law...