Atlantic Ocean

Sintra Statement on the protection of the marine environment of the North-East Atlantic

Note: see also the entry on the 1992 OSPAR Convention and the 1992 OSPAR Commission.

WE, THE MINISTERS AND THE MEMBER OF THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION, meeting within the framework of the OSPAR Commission for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North East Atlantic, in the year 1998, which was declared International Year of the Oceans by the United Nations, and during EXPO 1998, which is dedicated to the oceans as the common heritage of mankind, EMPHASISE our commitment to take all possible steps to achieve our overall objective for the protection of the marine environment of the North East Atlantic of preventing and eliminating pollution, protecting human health and ensuring sound and healthy marine ecosystems, and COMMIT ourselves to pursuing this goal through the following actions to produce a sustainable approach to the marine environment of the OSPAR maritime area and thus protect this inheritance for the new millennium.

Continuity and progress
WE WELCOME the entry into force on 25 March 1998 of the OSPAR Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic.

WE WELCOME the continuity with the former Oslo and Paris Commissions that has been achieved through a Decision clarifying which decisions, recommendations and other agreements of the Oslo and Paris Commissions remain in force as a basis of the work of the OSPAR Commission.

WE RE-EMPHASISE the clear commitments to the application of the precautionary principle and the polluter-pays principle and to the identification of best available techniques (BAT) and best environmental practice (BEP), including, where appropriate, clean technology.

Ecosystems and Biological Diversity
WE STRENGTHEN the Convention’s framework for the protection of the marine environment by the unanimous adoption of an Annex on the Protection and Conservation of the Ecosystems and Biological Diversity of the Maritime Area.

WE SHALL SEEK an early entry into force of this Annex.

WE RE-EMPHASISE our commitment, in implementing the new Annex, to protect and conserve the biological diversity of the maritime area and its ecosystems which are, or could be, affected as a result of human activities, and to restore, where practicable, marine areas which have been adversely affected.

To this end, the Commission will implement the strategy on the protection and conservation of the ecosystems and biological diversity of the maritime area and, in doing so, inter alia:

assess a candidate list of human activities which may produce adverse impacts on the marine environment and its species, habitats and ecological processes other than through causing pollution;
identify and prioritise those of the activities for which programmes and measures should be developed;
identify those marine species, habitats or ecosystems that need to be protected, conserved or restored;
promote the establishment of a network of marine protected areas to ensure the sustainable use and protection and conservation of marine biological diversity and its ecosystems;
as a first step develop by 2003 the most necessary programmes and measures to achieve the purposes of the Annex.
Hazardous Substances
WE AGREE to prevent pollution of the maritime area by continuously reducing discharges, emissions and losses of hazardous substances (that is, substances which are toxic, persistent and liable to bioaccumulate or which give rise to an equivalent level of concern), with the ultimate aim of achieving concentrations in the environment near background values for naturally occurring substances and close to zero for man-made synthetic substances. WE SHALL MAKE every endeavour to move towards the target of cessation of discharges, emissions and losses of hazardous substances by the year 2020. WE EMPHASISE the importance of the precautionary principle in this work.

To this end, the Commission will:

implement our strategy progressively and with well-defined intermediate targets; this implementation will start from the OSPAR List of Chemicals for Priority Action which we have already agreed, including carrying forward the drawing up of programmes and measures by 2003 for the control of discharges, emissions and losses of the substances on that list, and their substitution with less hazardous or non-hazardous substances where feasible;
develop a dynamic selection and prioritisation mechanism, in order to tackle first the substances and groups of substances which cause most concern, and use it to up-date by 2000 the current OSPAR List of Chemicals for Priority Action;
identify and assess substances that, although not fulfilling all the traditional criteria of a hazardous substance give rise to equivalent concern, especially those that act as endocrine disruptors;
develop the necessary programmes and measures within three years after agreeing on the need for OSPAR action on a substance or group of substances.
WE INVITE industry and other international organisations to join us in these efforts to achieve this target.

WE ACKNOWLEDGE the need to provide consumer and purchaser with information on hazardous substances in goods thereby promoting the reduction of risks from the use of such chemicals, and WE WILL DEVELOP, individually or jointly, further means for disseminating this information.

Radioactive Substances
WE WELCOME the announcements by the French and United Kingdom Governments that they wish to give up their possible future exemptions from the ban on the dumping of low-level and intermediate-level radioactive wastes. WE ARE GLAD to complete that ban through a unanimous Decision terminating the possible exemptions for France and the United Kingdom.

WE AGREE, in addition, to prevent pollution of the maritime area from ionising radiation through progressive and substantial reductions of discharges, emissions and losses of radioactive substances, with the ultimate aim of concentrations in the environment near background values for naturally occurring radioactive substances and close to zero for artificial radioactive substances. In achieving this objective, the following issues should, inter alia, be taken into account:

legitimate uses of the sea;
technical feasibility;
radiological impacts to man and biota.
WE SHALL ENSURE that discharges, emissions and losses of radioactive substances are reduced by the year 2020 to levels where the additional concentrations in the marine environment above historic levels, resulting from such discharges, emissions and losses, are close to zero. WE SHALL PAY particular attention to the safety of workers in nuclear installations.

To this end, the Commission will:

undertake the development of environmental quality criteria for the protection of the marine environment from adverse effects of radioactive substances and report on progress by the year 2003;
continue to reduce radioactive discharges from nuclear installations to the marine environment by applying BAT;
review activities which may give rise to concern of this kind, and assess them to identify and prioritise fields where action is required and develop the necessary measures.
WE NOTE the concerns expressed by a number of Contracting Parties about the recent increases in technetium discharges from Sellafield and their view that these discharges should cease. WE FURTHER NOTE that the UK Ministers have indicated that such concerns will be addressed in their forthcoming decisions concerning the discharge authorisations for Sellafield. WE WELCOME the announcement of the UK Government that no new commercial contracts will be accepted for reprocessing spent fuel at Dounreay, with the result of future reductions in radioactive discharges to the maritime area.

WE SHALL TAKE STEPS, both nationally and in international discussions, to bring the Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and the Safety of Radioactive Waste into force as soon as possible.

Eutrophication
WE AGREE to eliminate eutrophication where it occurs in the maritime area from anthropogenic inputs and to prevent future occurrences.

To this end, to supplement the existing obligations and commitments of the Contracting Parties to address nutrient inputs, especially from urban and industrial waste-water and agriculture, the Commission will:

apply the Common Procedure for the Identification of the Eutrophication Status of the Maritime Area to make an initial identification on non-problem areas by 2000 and complete the identification and characterisation of the eutrophication status of all parts of the maritime area by 2003;
implement immediately the integrated target-oriented and source-oriented actions provided for areas already identified as problem areas with regard to eutrophication;
as one of the main elements of the source-oriented actions promote good housekeeping in industry and sewage treatment and good agricultural practice, ecological agriculture and balanced fertilisation;
agree by 2003 any additional programmes and measures needed to achieve by 2010 a healthy marine environment where eutrophication due to anthropogenic inputs does not occur;
take preventive action in areas identified as potential problem areas with regard to eutrophication;
review the status of areas identified as non-problem areas with regard to eutrophication if there is ground for concern that there has been a substantial increase in their anthropogenic nutrient load.
WE EMPHASISE the importance in combating eutrophication of relevant EC Directives and corresponding legislation of other Contracting Parties and WE AGREE that compliance with such legislation is of the utmost importance.

Offshore oil and gas
WE RE-EMPHASISE our commitment to prevent the sea being used as a dumping ground for waste, whether from the sea or from land based activities. WE ADOPT a Decision on the disposal of disused offshore installations in support of this. Under this Decision, all dumping of steel installations is prohibited. Derogations, subject to assessment and consultation under agreed procedures, may allow the footings of steel installations weighing more than 10,000 tonnes to remain in place. However, WE WILL STRIVE to avoid using such derogations for footings of steel installations, by returning to land for recycling and disposal all steel installations where it is safe and practicable to do so. Derogations will also be available for concrete installations. WE HAVE no plans to create new concrete installations in any new oil-field developments in the maritime area. Concrete installations will only be used when it is strictly necessary for safety or technical reasons.

The Commission will review this Decision from time to time in the light of developments, with the aim of reducing as fast and as far as possible the cases for which derogations from the general ban on sea disposal may be considered. To support this, WE SHALL PROMOTE

research and development by industry and relevant Contracting Parties on techniques for reusing and dismantling disused offshore installations and returning them to land for recycling or final disposal;
exchange of information between competent authorities of Contracting Parties , operators and contractors on such techniques;
collaboration between operators of offshore installations in joint operations to decommission such installations.
WE AGREE that environmental goals should be set for the offshore oil and gas industry and improved management mechanisms established to achieve them. The Commission will adopt a strategy for this purpose at its next meeting. In preparing this strategy, the Commission will consider how to address, inter alia:

the use and discharge of hazardous substances, consistent with the Strategy with Regard to Hazardous Substances;
discharges of oil from offshore installations, including that in produced water;
reduction of emissions of substances likely to pollute the air.
Quality status report
WE NOTE progress on the preparation of the Quality Status Report on the marine environment of the North East Atlantic, to be published in 2000. This is a major, ground-breaking task, since a comprehensive quality status report on this scale has not previously been produced. WE AGREE the special budget for the Commission’s future work on this report, and WE LOOK FORWARD TO establishing through it and the Joint Assessment and Monitoring Programme a sound, scientific basis for identifying and prioritising future tasks in an overall comparative approach.

Wider international cooperation
WE SHALL SEEK the cooperation in our work of other states within the catchment of the North East Atlantic, especially the Czech Republic and the Russian Federation.

WE RECOGNISE that the North East Atlantic is only a small part of the world’s oceans and that many other international organisations make vital contributions to protecting the marine environment. WE SHALL CONTINUE to work nationally, within the OSPAR Commission, with other regional seas programmes, especially those for the Arctic Ocean, the Baltic Sea and the Mediterranean and with bodies such as the Convention on the Long-Range Transport of Air Pollution, to achieve the effective application, world-wide, of the recommendations of Chapter 17 (Oceans and All Seas) of Agenda 21 and the full implementation of the Global Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment against Land-Based Activities. WE ESPECIALLY WELCOME the extra support which the Netherlands Government has given for this purpose.

WE SHALL COOPERATE, especially in the work of the International Maritime Organization, to tackle threats to the marine environment from shipping through promoting better waste reception facilities and their more effective use including harmonised arrangements to remove economic, administrative or organisational incentives for ships not to use port waste reception facilities, through banning the use of tributyl-tin (TBT) antifouling treatments and replacing them with clean antifouling technologies, improved controls over the unintended transport of non-native species by ships, through measures to eliminate marine litter and through bringing into effect the new Annex VI to MARPOL controlling air pollution from ships.

WE SHALL CONTINUE AND INTENSIFY our cooperation with the international river organisations for the Rhine, Meuse, Scheldt and Elbe, in order to reduce further riverine inputs into the North-East Atlantic and to improve the important ecological relations between the rivers and the sea.

Follow-up
WE LOOK FORWARD to the greater involvement of non-governmental organisations in the work of the Commission as a result of the opening of committees and working groups to them as observers.

Finally, WE COMMIT ourselves to continuing involvement of Ministers and members of the European Commission in the work of the OSPAR Commission, in order to ensure proper political support and direction. WE SHALL THEREFORE ARRANGE another Ministerial Meeting of the Commission in 2003 based on a thorough review of progress in the implementation of the strategies and their effectiveness and the implications of the Quality Status Report 2000.

Sintra, 23 July 1998

When completed, the list of Ministers’ signatures will be attached to the Sintra Statement in the OSPAR publication on the outcome of the Ministerial Meeting.

Islands

By Country. The Area (sq.km.) and Altitude (m) is provided:

Antigua and Barbuda Antigua 277.0 sq.km. 402 m
Antigua and Barbuda Barbuda 171.5 sq.km. 45 m
Antigua and Barbuda Redonda ? sq.km. ? m
Argentina Bermejo ? sq.km. ? m
Argentina Estados, Isla de los 500.8 sq.km. 1128 m
Argentina Trinidad ? sq.km. ? m
Bahamas Acklins 507.5 sq.km. 43 m
Bahamas Andros, North 3439.4 sq.km. 21 m
Bahamas Andros, South 1447.8 sq.km. 7 m
Bahamas Cat 386.5 sq.km. 122 m
Bahamas Crooked 282.1 sq.km. 47 m
Bahamas Eleuthera 457.4 sq.km. 18 m
Bahamas Grand Bahama 1095.7 sq.km. 5 m
Bahamas Great Abaco 1145.9 sq.km. 41 m
Bahamas Great Exuma 204.4 sq.km. ? m
Bahamas Great Inagua 1615.3 sq.km. 40 m
Bahamas Little Abaco 78.2 sq.km. ? m
Bahamas Little Inagua 126.0 sq.km. ? m
Bahamas Long 538.4 sq.km. 54 m
Bahamas Mayaguana 293.0 sq.km. 34 m
Bahamas New Providence 227.8 sq.km. ? m
Bahamas Rum Cay 84.9 sq.km. 36 m
Bahamas San Salvador 162.3 sq.km. 45 m
Barbados Barbados 462.4 sq.km. 340 m
Belize Ambergris Cay ? sq.km. ? m
Belize Glover Reef ? sq.km. 2 m
Belize Lighthouse Reef ? sq.km. ? m
Belize Turneffe ? sq.km. ? m
Bermuda Bermuda 39.3 sq.km. 79 m
Brazil Santa Barbara, Ilha da ? sq.km. 25 m
Brazil Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo, Penedos de ? sq.km. ? m
Brazil – Amapa Federal Territory Maraca, Ilha de ? sq.km. ? m
Brazil – Bahia State Biopeba ? sq.km. ? m
Brazil – Bahia State Itaparica ? sq.km. ? m
Brazil – Bahia State Tinhare ? sq.km. ? m
Brazil – Fernando de Noronha Fernando de Noronha 18.4 sq.km. 60 m
Brazil – Fernando de Noronha Rocas, Atol das ? sq.km. ? m
Brazil – I. da Trindade Martin Vas, Ihlas 1.0 sq.km. ? m
Brazil – I. da Trindade Trindade, Isla da 5.0 sq.km. 500 m
Brazil – Maranhao State Sao Luis, Ilha de ? sq.km. ? m
Brazil – Rio de Janeiro State Grande ? sq.km. ? m
Brazil – Santa Catarina State Santa Catarina, Ilha de ? sq.km. ? m
Brazil – Sao Paulo State Sao Sebastiao, Ilha de ? sq.km. ? m
Canada – Newfoundland Newfoundland 115220.6 sq.km. 805 m
Canada – Northwest Territories Adams 278.6 sq.km. 1294 m
Canada – Northwest Territories Air Force 1509.6 sq.km. 91 m
Canada – Northwest Territories Akpatok ? sq.km. ? m
Canada – Northwest Territories Amherst 86.5 sq.km. ? m
Canada – Northwest Territories Baffin 503944.0 sq.km. 2078 m
Canada – Northwest Territories Big ? sq.km. ? m
Canada – Northwest Territories Bray 691.0 sq.km. ? m
Canada – Northwest Territories Bylot 10801.4 sq.km. 2134 m
Canada – Northwest Territories Coats 5788.4 sq.km. 221 m
Canada – Northwest Territories Coburg 411.2 sq.km. 762 m
Canada – Northwest Territories Dexterity 138.4 sq.km. 878 m
Canada – Northwest Territories Foley 672.9 sq.km. 61 m
Canada – Northwest Territories Igloolik 114.5 sq.km. ? m
Canada – Northwest Territories Jens Munk 891.0 sq.km. 151 m
Canada – Northwest Territories Koch 450.3 sq.km. 60 m
Canada – Northwest Territories Mansel 3143.6 sq.km. 130 m
Canada – Northwest Territories North Spicer 223.1 sq.km. 46 m
Canada – Northwest Territories Nottingham 1390.4 sq.km. 412 m
Canada – Northwest Territories Ormonde 84.7 sq.km. ? m
Canada – Northwest Territories Prince Charles 9507.3 sq.km. 30 m
Canada – Northwest Territories Resolution ? sq.km. ? m
Canada – Northwest Territories Rowley 1093.6 sq.km. 137 m
Canada – Northwest Territories Salisbury 804.4 sq.km. 503 m
Canada – Northwest Territories Sillem 494.4 sq.km. 1522 m
Canada – Northwest Territories South Spicer 330.7 sq.km. 55 m
Canada – Northwest Territories Southampton 43388.4 sq.km. 625 m
Canada – Northwest Territories Vansittart 1009.7 sq.km. 255 m
Canada – Northwest Territories White 789.8 sq.km. 381 m
Canada – Nova Scotia Cap Breton 7211.4 sq.km. 495 m
Canada – Nova Scotia Madame 115.0 sq.km. ? m
Canada – Nova Scotia Sable ? sq.km. ? m
Canada – Ontario Akimiski 2960.2 sq.km. 46 m
Canada – Ontario Charlton 291.3 sq.km. ? m
Canada – Prince Edward Island Prince Edward 5783.2 sq.km. 134 m
Canada – Quebec Anticosti 7899.1 sq.km. 312 m
Cape Verde Islands Boa Vista 634.1 sq.km. 390 m
Cape Verde Islands Brava 66.6 sq.km. 976 m
Cape Verde Islands Fogo 474.8 sq.km. 2829 m
Cape Verde Islands Maio 279.0 sq.km. 436 m
Cape Verde Islands Raso 7.0 sq.km. 164 m
Cape Verde Islands Sal 221.5 sq.km. 406 m
Cape Verde Islands Santa Luzia 36.7 sq.km. 395 m
Cape Verde Islands Santo Antao 787.3 sq.km. 1979 m
Cape Verde Islands Sao Nicolau 352.2 sq.km. 1304 m
Cape Verde Islands Sao Tiago ? sq.km. ? m
Cape Verde Islands Sao Vicente 232.8 sq.km. 743 m
Chile Lennox 170.4 sq.km. 488 m
Chile Navarino ? sq.km. ? m
Chile Nueva 120.0 sq.km. 335 m
Chile Picton 105.4 sq.km. 244 m
Chile Wollaston 221.9 sq.km. 701 m
Colombia – Colombian Islands Providencia (Isla de) ? sq.km. ? m
Colombia – Colombian Islands San Andres 44.0 sq.km. 100 m
Cuba Cayo Coco 366.4 sq.km. 4 m
Cuba Cayo Romano 464.7 sq.km. 45 m
Cuba Cuba 105805.5 sq.km. 1974 m
Cuba Juventud 2237.3 sq.km. 310 m
Denmark Anholt ? sq.km. ? m
Denmark Laeso ? sq.km. ? m
Denmark Romo 89.0 sq.km. ? m
Denmark – Faeroe Islands Bordoy 135.6 sq.km. 824 m
Denmark – Faeroe Islands Eysturoy 300.9 sq.km. 882 m
Denmark – Faeroe Islands Sandoy 121.0 sq.km. 479 m
Denmark – Faeroe Islands Streymoy 384.2 sq.km. 790 m
Denmark – Faeroe Islands Suduroy 179.6 sq.km. 610 m
Denmark – Faeroe Islands Vagar 185.0 sq.km. 722 m
Denmark – Greenland ? 117.0 sq.km. 830 m
Denmark – Greenland ? 232.5 sq.km. 395 m
Denmark – Greenland Agpat 210.9 sq.km. 1747 m
Denmark – Greenland Alluttoq 655.4 sq.km. ? m
Denmark – Greenland Ammassalik 771.9 sq.km. 1352 m
Denmark – Greenland Anoraliuirsoq 206.2 sq.km. ? m
Denmark – Greenland Bjornesk 236.2 sq.km. ? m
Denmark – Greenland Clavering 1534.6 sq.km. 1650 m
Denmark – Greenland Disko 8612.2 sq.km. 1919 m
Denmark – Greenland Edvards 115.8 sq.km. ? m
Denmark – Greenland Eggers 308.8 sq.km. 1070 m
Denmark – Greenland Eila 143.6 sq.km. ? m
Denmark – Greenland Geographical Society 1716.6 sq.km. 1730 m
Denmark – Greenland Godfred Hansens 115.0 sq.km. ? m
Denmark – Greenland Hareoen 125.9 sq.km. ? m
Denmark – Greenland Helges Halvo 450.3 sq.km. 1605 m
Denmark – Greenland Herbert 222.8 sq.km. ? m
Denmark – Greenland Holm 180.9 sq.km. 1060 m
Denmark – Greenland Ikeq 198.9 sq.km. 1388 m
Denmark – Greenland Ile de France 246.1 sq.km. ? m
Denmark – Greenland Kuhn 634.0 sq.km. 1136 m
Denmark – Greenland Lindhards 263.3 sq.km. ? m
Denmark – Greenland Lynns 230.9 sq.km. 1494 m
Denmark – Greenland Milne Land 3912.9 sq.km. 2103 m
Denmark – Greenland Norske 186.4 sq.km. 500 m
Denmark – Greenland Northumberland 330.3 sq.km. 1097 m
Denmark – Greenland Nutarmiut 377.2 sq.km. ? m
Denmark – Greenland Prinsesse Thyra 294.8 sq.km. ? m
Denmark – Greenland Qaersorssuaq 124.7 sq.km. ? m
Denmark – Greenland Qeqertaq 124.3 sq.km. ? m
Denmark – Greenland Qeqertarssdaq 265.3 sq.km. ? m
Denmark – Greenland Qeqertarssuaq 269.0 sq.km. ? m
Denmark – Greenland Qianarreq 108.1 sq.km. 457 m
Denmark – Greenland Qutdlikorssuit 204.0 sq.km. ? m
Denmark – Greenland Sabine 155.9 sq.km. 699 m
Denmark – Greenland Sangmissoq 802.7 sq.km. 1399 m
Denmark – Greenland Saunders 103.1 sq.km. 399 m
Denmark – Greenland Schnauders 180.3 sq.km. 300 m
Denmark – Greenland Sermersooq 202.4 sq.km. 1276 m
Denmark – Greenland Shannon 1258.5 sq.km. 310 m
Denmark – Greenland Soren Norbyes 470.7 sq.km. 757 m
Denmark – Greenland Store Koldewey 615.5 sq.km. 971 m
Denmark – Greenland Storo 198.3 sq.km. 1798 m
Denmark – Greenland Storoen 129.5 sq.km. ? m
Denmark – Greenland Tingmiarmit 229.3 sq.km. 1300 m
Denmark – Greenland Traill 3541.6 sq.km. 1884 m
Denmark – Greenland Ubekendt Ejland 467.6 sq.km. 1150 m
Denmark – Greenland Upepnagssivik 149.1 sq.km. 790 m
Denmark – Greenland Upernivikbyes 540.5 sq.km. ? m
Denmark – Greenland Ymer’s 2437.0 sq.km. 1900 m
Dominica Dominica 787.3 sq.km. 1447 m
Dominican Republic Saona 106.2 sq.km. ? m
Equatorial Guinea Bioko 1935.0 sq.km. 3008 m
Equatorial Guinea Corisco ? sq.km. ? m
Equatorial Guinea Elobey Grande ? sq.km. ? m
Equatorial Guinea Pagalu 15.7 sq.km. 654 m
Falkland Islands (United Kingdom) East Falkland 7039.5 sq.km. 705 m
Falkland Islands (United Kingdom) Pebble 119.8 sq.km. 277 m
Falkland Islands (United Kingdom) Saunders 131.6 sq.km. 488 m
Falkland Islands (United Kingdom) Weddel 265.8 sq.km. 383 m
Falkland Islands (United Kingdom) West Falkland 4530.8 sq.km. 732 m
France Oleron 189.8 sq.km. ? m
France – Guadeloupe Basse Terre 875.7 sq.km. 1467 m
France – Guadeloupe Grande Terre 639.0 sq.km. 136 m
France – Guadeloupe La Desirade 27.0 sq.km. ? m
France – Guadeloupe Marie Galante 170.5 sq.km. 204 m
France – Guadeloupe Petite Terre ? sq.km. ? m
France – Guadeloupe Saintes 14.0 sq.km. ? m
France – Martinique Martinique 1166.6 sq.km. 1397 m
France – St Martin and St Barthelemy St Barthelemy ? sq.km. ? m
France – St Pierre and Miquelon Miquelon 214.1 sq.km. 250 m
France – St Pierre and Miquelon St Pierre ? sq.km. ? m
France/Netherlands – St Martin St Martin 91.9 sq.km. 424 m
Germany Amrum ? sq.km. ? m
Germany Fohr 84.1 sq.km. ? m
Germany Sylt ? sq.km. ? m
Grenada Grenada 322.7 sq.km. 840 m
Grenada – The Grenadines Carriacou ? sq.km. ? m
Grenada – The Grenadines Ronde ? sq.km. ? m
Guinea Tristao 226.4 sq.km. ? m
Guinea-Bissau Bolama 98.1 sq.km. ? m
Guinea-Bissau Carache 80.4 sq.km. ? m
Guinea-Bissau Caravela 125.7 sq.km. ? m
Guinea-Bissau Formoza 140.3 sq.km. ? m
Guinea-Bissau Jeta 108.9 sq.km. ? m
Guinea-Bissau Orango, I. de 272.5 sq.km. ? m
Guinea-Bissau Orangozinho 107.0 sq.km. ? m
Guinea-Bissau Pecixe 166.7 sq.km. ? m
Guinea-Bissau Roxa 110.9 sq.km. ? m
Guinea-Bissau Uno 104.0 sq.km. ? m
Haiti Gonave, Ile de la ? sq.km. ? m
Haiti Tortue 187.8 sq.km. 459 m
Haiti/Dominican Republic Hispaniola 73929.0 sq.km. 3175 m
Honduras Guanaja ? sq.km. 365 m
Honduras Roatan ? sq.km. 273 m
Honduras Utila ? sq.km. 85 m
Iceland Iceland 101826.0 sq.km. 1479 m
Ireland Achill ? sq.km. 672 m
Ireland Inishmore ? sq.km. ? m
Ireland/United Kingdom Ireland 81638.1 sq.km. 1032 m
Jamaica Jamaica 11189.6 sq.km. 2256 m
Jamaica Morant Cays ? sq.km. 5 m
Jamaica Pedro Cays 0.3 sq.km. 5 m
Mauritania Tidra 155.9 sq.km. ? m
Mexico – Quintana Roo Chinchorro, Banco ? sq.km. ? m
Mexico – Quintana Roo Cozumel 539.1 sq.km. 2 m
Netherlands Terschelling 91.8 sq.km. 31 m
Netherlands Texel 165.4 sq.km. 25 m
Netherlands – Netherlands Antilles Aruba 181.1 sq.km. 188 m
Netherlands – Netherlands Antilles Bonaire 282.5 sq.km. 240 m
Netherlands – Netherlands Antilles Curacao 443.1 sq.km. 372 m
Netherlands – Netherlands Antilles Saba 13.0 sq.km. 870 m
Netherlands – Netherlands Antilles St Eustatius 21.0 sq.km. 600 m
Norway Bomlo ? sq.km. 473 m
Norway Bremangerlandet 160.4 sq.km. 681 m
Norway Karmoy ? sq.km. 100 m
Norway Sotra ? sq.km. 200 m
Norway Stord ? sq.km. 749 m
Norway Sula 118.9 sq.km. 70 m
Norway Tysnesoy ? sq.km. 728 m
Norway – Bouvet Island Bouvet 50.0 sq.km. 780 m
Norway – Svalbard and Jan Mayen Jan Mayen 390.1 sq.km. 2277 m
Portugal – Azores Corvo 20.0 sq.km. 777 m
Portugal – Azores Faial 182.4 sq.km. 1045 m
Portugal – Azores Flores 153.3 sq.km. 915 m
Portugal – Azores Graciosa 69.9 sq.km. 402 m
Portugal – Azores Pico 461.4 sq.km. 2351 m
Portugal – Azores Santa Maria 102.6 sq.km. 587 m
Portugal – Azores Sao Jorge 260.6 sq.km. 1053 m
Portugal – Azores Sao Miguel 768.7 sq.km. 1105 m
Portugal – Azores Terceira 415.6 sq.km. 1021 m
Portugal – Madeira Madeira 749.4 sq.km. 1861 m
Portugal – Madeira Porto Santo 43.9 sq.km. 93 m
Sao Tome and Principe Principe 148.5 sq.km. 948 m
Sao Tome and Principe Sao Tome 854.8 sq.km. 2024 m
Spain – Canary Islands Alegranza 13.4 sq.km. 289 m
Spain – Canary Islands Fuerteventura 1633.3 sq.km. 807 m
Spain – Canary Islands Gomera 359.1 sq.km. 1487 m
Spain – Canary Islands Graciosa 30.6 sq.km. 266 m
Spain – Canary Islands Gran Canaria 1529.9 sq.km. 1426 m
Spain – Canary Islands Hierro 290.5 sq.km. 1500 m
Spain – Canary Islands La Palma 690.2 sq.km. 2423 m
Spain – Canary Islands Lanzarote 790.5 sq.km. 670 m
Spain – Canary Islands Lobos 4.6 sq.km. 122 m
Spain – Canary Islands Tenerife 2007.8 sq.km. 3718 m
St Kitts and Nevis Nevis 92.3 sq.km. 985 m
St Kitts and Nevis St Kitts 170.8 sq.km. 1156 m
St Lucia St Lucia 639.8 sq.km. 950 m
St Vincent St Vincent 381.0 sq.km. 1234 m
St Vincent – The Grenadines Bequia ? sq.km. ? m
St Vincent – The Grenadines Canouan ? sq.km. ? m
St Vincent – The Grenadines Mustique ? sq.km. ? m
St Vincent – The Grenadines Union ? sq.km. ? m
Trinidad and Tobago Tobago 308.8 sq.km. 576 m
Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad 5008.7 sq.km. 940 m
United Kingdom Anglesey 653.7 sq.km. 222 m
United Kingdom Arran 437.3 sq.km. 874 m
United Kingdom Flannan Islands ? sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom Great Britain 209331.1 sq.km. 1333 m
United Kingdom Hoy 153.0 sq.km. 481 m
United Kingdom Islay 619.6 sq.km. 491 m
United Kingdom Jura 377.3 sq.km. 785 m
United Kingdom Lewis 2086.4 sq.km. 799 m
United Kingdom Man (Isle of) 572.6 sq.km. 621 m
United Kingdom Mull 885.5 sq.km. 966 m
United Kingdom North Rona ? sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom North Uist 335.3 sq.km. 345 m
United Kingdom Orkney 539.8 sq.km. 269 m
United Kingdom Rockall ? sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom Rousay 47.4 sq.km. 250 m
United Kingdom Rum 108.5 sq.km. 812 m
United Kingdom Scilly, Iles of ? sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom Shetland 1038.2 sq.km. 450 m
United Kingdom Skye, Isle of 1658.3 sq.km. 993 m
United Kingdom South Ronaldsay 53.5 sq.km. 118 m
United Kingdom South Uist 311.3 sq.km. 620 m
United Kingdom St Kilda ? sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom Sula Sgeir ? sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom Unst 127.6 sq.km. 285 m
United Kingdom Wight, Isle of 391.5 sq.km. 395 m
United Kingdom Yell 221.0 sq.km. 205 m
United Kingdom – Anguilla Anguilla 73.7 sq.km. 62 m
United Kingdom – Anguilla Sombrero ? sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – Ascension Island Ascension 97.0 sq.km. 859 m
United Kingdom – Ascension Island Boatswain-bird ? sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – British Virgin Islands Anegada 38.0 sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – British Virgin Islands Beef ? sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – British Virgin Islands Cooper ? sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – British Virgin Islands Ginger ? sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – British Virgin Islands Great Camanoe ? sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – British Virgin Islands Guana ? sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – British Virgin Islands Jost Van Dyke 9.0 sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – British Virgin Islands Little Tobago ? sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – British Virgin Islands Norman ? sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – British Virgin Islands Peter ? sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – British Virgin Islands Salt ? sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – British Virgin Islands Scrub ? sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – British Virgin Islands Tobago ? sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – British Virgin Islands Tortola 50.4 sq.km. 521 m
United Kingdom – British Virgin Islands Virgin Gorda 21.0 sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – Cayman Islands Cayman Brac 38.0 sq.km. 44 m
United Kingdom – Cayman Islands Grand Cayman 196.3 sq.km. 21 m
United Kingdom – Cayman Islands Little Cayman 28.0 sq.km. 14 m
United Kingdom – Channel Islands Alderney 8.0 sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – Channel Islands Guernsey 65.0 sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – Channel Islands Herm 2.0 sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – Channel Islands Jersey 116.0 sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – Channel Islands Sark 5.0 sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – Falkland – S. Sandwich Bellingshausen ? sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – Falkland – S. Sandwich Bristol ? sq.km. 1100 m
United Kingdom – Falkland – S. Sandwich Candlemas ? sq.km. 550 m
United Kingdom – Falkland – S. Sandwich Cook ? sq.km. 1067 m
United Kingdom – Falkland – S. Sandwich Leskov ? sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – Falkland – S. Sandwich Montagu ? sq.km. 1375 m
United Kingdom – Falkland – S. Sandwich Saunders ? sq.km. 990 m
United Kingdom – Falkland – S. Sandwich Thule ? sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – Falkland – S. Sandwich Visokoi ? sq.km. 915 m
United Kingdom – Falkland – S. Sandwich Zavodovski ? sq.km. 490 m
United Kingdom – Falkland- South Georgia South Georgia 3717.5 sq.km. 2934 m
United Kingdom – Montserrat Montserrat 124.1 sq.km. 915 m
United Kingdom – St Helena St Helena 125.5 sq.km. 819 m
United Kingdom – Tristan da Cunha Gough 66.6 sq.km. 910 m
United Kingdom – Tristan da Cunha Inaccessible 20.0 sq.km. 600 m
United Kingdom – Tristan da Cunha Nightingale 3.0 sq.km. 400 m
United Kingdom – Tristan da Cunha Tristan da Cunha 103.2 sq.km. 2060 m
United Kingdom – Turks and Caicos Is. Ambergris Cays ? sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – Turks and Caicos Is. East Caicos 192.4 sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – Turks and Caicos Is. Grand Caicos 289.3 sq.km. 75 m
United Kingdom – Turks and Caicos Is. Grand Turk ? sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – Turks and Caicos Is. North Caicos 199.6 sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – Turks and Caicos Is. Providenciales 115.9 sq.km. 34 m
United Kingdom – Turks and Caicos Is. Salt Cay ? sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – Turks and Caicos Is. South Caicos ? sq.km. ? m
United Kingdom – Turks and Caicos Is. West Caicos ? sq.km. ? m
United States – Florida Pine 82.2 sq.km. ? m
United States – Louisiana Marsh ? sq.km. ? m
United States – Louisiana Point au Fer ? sq.km. ? m
United States – Massachusetts Martha’s Vineyard ? sq.km. ? m
United States – Massachusetts Nantucket ? sq.km. ? m
United States – Navassa Island Navassa ? sq.km. ? m
United States – New York Long ? sq.km. ? m
United States – New York Manhatten ? sq.km. ? m
United States – New York Staten ? sq.km. ? m
United States – Puerto Rico Culebra ? sq.km. ? m
United States – Puerto Rico Desecheo 1.5 sq.km. ? m
United States – Puerto Rico Mona ? sq.km. ? m
United States – Puerto Rico Puerto Rico 9099.8 sq.km. 1338 m
United States – Puerto Rico Vieques 147.9 sq.km. 301 m
United States – Texas Galveston ? sq.km. ? m
United States – Texas Matagorda ? sq.km. ? m
United States – Texas Padre ? sq.km. ? m
United States – Virgin Islands St Croix 214.4 sq.km. 355 m
United States – Virgin Islands St John 50.0 sq.km. 389 m
United States – Virgin Islands St Thomas 69.7 sq.km. 474 m
Venezuela – Venezuelan Islands Aves ? sq.km. ? m
Venezuela – Venezuelan Islands Blanquilla ? sq.km. ? m
Venezuela – Venezuelan Islands Coche ? sq.km. ? m
Venezuela – Venezuelan Islands Cubagua ? sq.km. ? m
Venezuela – Venezuelan Islands La Sola ? sq.km. ? m
Venezuela – Venezuelan Islands La Tortuga 163.4 sq.km. 49 m
Venezuela – Venezuelan Islands Las Aves ? sq.km. ? m
Venezuela – Venezuelan Islands Los Frailes ? sq.km. ? m
Venezuela – Venezuelan Islands Los Hermanes ? sq.km. ? m
Venezuela – Venezuelan Islands Los Monjes ? sq.km. ? m
Venezuela – Venezuelan Islands Los Roques ? sq.km. ? m
Venezuela – Venezuelan Islands Los Testigos ? sq.km. ? m
Venezuela – Venezuelan Islands Margarita 956.8 sq.km. 900 m
Venezuela – Venezuelan Islands Orchila ? sq.km. ? m

Source: United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) 1998

Resources

Hierarchical Display of Atlantic Ocean

Environment > Natural environment > Geophysical environment > Ocean
International Organisations > World organisations > World organisation > North-West Atlantic Fisheries Organisation

Atlantic Ocean

Concept of Atlantic Ocean

See the dictionary definition of Atlantic Ocean.

Characteristics of Atlantic Ocean

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Resources

Translation of Atlantic Ocean

Thesaurus of Atlantic Ocean

Environment > Natural environment > Geophysical environment > Ocean > Atlantic Ocean
International Organisations > World organisations > World organisation > North-West Atlantic Fisheries Organisation > Atlantic Ocean

Atlantic Ocean

Atlantic Ocean

Sintra Statement on the protection of the marine environment of the North-East Atlantic

Islands

Resources

See Also

Hierarchical Display of Atlantic Ocean

Atlantic Ocean

Concept of Atlantic Ocean

Characteristics of Atlantic Ocean

Resources

Translation of Atlantic Ocean

Thesaurus of Atlantic Ocean

See also

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