Kyoto Protocol to the Convention on Climate Change

Article 10

All Parties, taking into account their common but differentiated
responsibilities and their specific national and regional development
priorities, objectives and circumstances, without introducing any new
commitments for Parties not included in Annex I, but reaffirming existing
commitments in Article 4, paragraph 1, of the Convention, and continuing to
advance the implementation of these commitments in order to achieve
sustainable development, taking into account Article 4, paragraphs 3, 5 and 7,
of the Convention, shall:

(a) Formulate, where relevant and to the extent possible, cost-effective
national, and where appropriate regional programmes to improve the quality of
local emission factors, activity data and/or models which reflect the
socio-economic conditions of each Party for the preparation and periodic
updating of national inventories of anthropogenic emissions by sources and
removals by sinks of all greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal
Protocol, using comparable methodologies to be agreed upon by the Conference of
the Parties, and consistent with the guidelines for national communications
adopted by the Conference of the Parties;

(b) Formulate, implement, publish and regularly update national and, where
appropriate, regional programmes containing measures to mitigate climate change
and measures to facilitate adequate adaptation to climate change:
(i) Such programmes would, inter alia, concern the energy, transport and
industry sectors as well as agriculture, forestry and waste management.
Furthermore, adaptation technologies and methods for improving spatial planning
would improve adaptation to climate change; and

(ii) Parties included in Annex I shall submit information on action under this
Protocol, including national programmes, according to the guidelines laid down
in Article 8; and other Parties shall seek to include in their national
communications, as appropriate, information on programmes which contain measures
that the Party believes contribute to addressing climate change and its adverse
impacts, including the abatement of increase in greenhouse gas emissions, and
enhancement of and removals by sinks, capacity building and adaptation measures.

(c) Cooperate in the promotion of effective modalities for the development,
application and diffusion of, and take all practicable steps to promote,
facilitate and finance, as appropriate, the transfer of, or access to,
environmentally sound technologies, know-how, practices and processes pertinent
to climate change, in particular to developing countries, including the
formulation of policies and programmes for the effective transfer of
environmentally sound technologies that are publicly owned or in the public
domain and the creation of an enabling environment for the private sector, to
promote and enhance access to, and transfer of, environmentally sound
technologies;

(d) Cooperate in scientific and technical research and promote the
maintenance and the development of systematic observation systems and
development of data archives to reduce uncertainties related to the climate
system, the adverse impacts of climate change and the economic and social
consequences of various response strategies, and promote the development and
strengthening of endogenous capacities and capabilities to participate in
international and intergovernmental efforts, programmes and networks on research
and systematic observation, taking into account Article 5 of the Convention;

(e) Cooperate in and promote at the international level, and, where
appropriate, using existing bodies, the development and implementation of
Education and training programmes, including the strengthening of national
capacity building, in particular human and institutional capacities and the
exchange or secondment of personnel to train experts in this field, in
particular for developing countries, and facilitate at the national level public
awareness and public access to information on climate change. Suitable
modalities should be developed to implement these activities through the
relevant bodies of the Convention taking into account Article 6 of the
Convention;

(f) Include in their national communications information on programmes and
activities undertaken pursuant to this Article in accordance with relevant
decisions of the Conference of the Parties; and

(g) Give full consideration, in implementing the commitments in this Article,
to Article 4, paragraph 8, of the Convention.

Article 11

1. In the implementation of Article 10, Parties shall take into account theprovisions of Article 4, paragraphs 4, 5, 7, 8 and 9 of the Convention.

2. In the context of the implementation of Article 4, paragraph 1, of the
Convention, in accordance with the provisions of Article 4, paragraph 3, and
Article 11 of the Convention, and through the operating entity or entities of
the financial mechanism of the Convention, the developed country Parties and
other developed Parties included in Annex II to the Convention shall:

(a) Provide new and additional financial resources to meet the agreed full
costs incurred by developing country Parties in advancing the implementation of
existing commitments under Article 4, paragraph 1(a), of the Convention that are
covered in Article 10, subparagraph (a); and

(b) Also provide such financial resources, including for the transfer of
technology, needed by the developing country Parties to meet the agreed full
incremental costs of advancing the implementation of existing commitments in
Article 4, paragraph 1, of the Convention that are covered by Article 10 and
that are agreed between a developing country Party and the international entity
or entities referred to in Article 11 of the Convention, in accordance with that
Article.

The implementation of these existing commitments shall take into account
the need for adequacy and predictability in the flow of funds and the importance
of appropriate burden sharing among developed country Parties. The guidance to
the financial mechanism of the Convention in relevant decisions of the
Conference of the Parties, including those agreed before the adoption of this
Protocol, shall apply mutatis mutandis to the provisions of this paragraph.

3. The developed country Parties and other developed Parties in Annex II to the
Convention may also provide, and developing country Parties avail themselves of,
financial resources for the implementation of Article 10, through bilateral,
regional and other multilateral channels.

Author: international

Mentioned in these Entries

Education, country.