Related Entries of the International Encyclopedia:

1. Royalties In the United States For information about Royalties in the context of international trade, click here Royalties and the Laws of International Trade Royalties Intellectual Property and Competition Law Royalties in International Trade Meaning of Royalties, according to the Dictionary of [...]...
2. Holding Company Holding Company in International Trade Meaning of Holding Company, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Holding companies are corporations that are created for the sole purpose of obtaining and managing a controlling interest in other companies. There are [...]...
3. Subpart F A provision of the Internal Revenue Code (Sections 951-64) that imposes U.S. income taxes on the undistributed earnings of "controlled foreign corporations." Subpart F was incorporated into the Code by the Revenue Act of 1962; prior to that time, earnings by foreign subsidiaries of U.S. fi......
4. International Economic Institutions Institutions Related to International Economic Law In international economic law, institutions related to international economic law includes the following legal areas, with coverage in this world legal encyclopedia: li> International Labour Organization (ILO) Food and Agriculture Organization [...]...
5. Loan Pricing The process used by a financial institution to derive the effective rate of interest or. a prospective loan; the process includes calculating the income derived from commitment fees, and compensating balances on top of the nominal rate of interest.......
6. International trade law Part 11 Contents International trade law Part 11   137 Towards a European White Certificates Scheme: Review under Current National Experiences and ... Read more...
7. International trade law Part 13 Contents International trade law Part 13   158 National Regulation and Trade Liberalization in Services: The Legal Impact of the ... Read more...
8. Income Tax Law Other Popular Tax Definitions in the World Legal Encyclopedia Adjusted Gross Income (sometimes, including Income Tax Law) ...
9. International Trade Organization International Trade Organization (ITO) in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of International Trade Organization (ITO): (Not to be confused with Multilateral Trade "Organization, Sec. I). An [...]...
10. Exempted Company A company exempted from income taxes of the jurisdiction in which it is organized in return for a stipulation by the company that it will not trade in that country.......
11. Standard of Living Standard of Living (in the Human Development Area) In this context, Standard of Living means: integrated index of socio-economic development, measured by aggregate data such as real per capita income, poverty rate, access to health care, the uneven growth of incomes, standards of education, [...]...
12. International trade law Part 12 Contents International trade law Part 12   149 DROIT DU COMMERCE INTERNATIONAL ET DE LA CONCURRENCE/INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND COMPETITION LAW ... Read more...
13. International trade law Part 26 Contents International Trade law Part 26   267 International environmental law attempts to be “mutually supportive” with International trade law ... Read more...
14. International trade law Part 23 Contents International Trade law Part 23   245 DISCIPLINING GLOBALIZATION: INTERNATIONAL LAW, ILLEGAL TRADE, AND THE CASE OF NARCOTICS Chantal ... Read more...
15. Principles of Company Law Principles of Company Law Contents of Principles of Company Law Contents of this subject matter include:Contextual and theoretical perspectives Partnerships and other business structures The nature of companies registered under the corporation legislation Corporate personality Corporate [...]...
16. Less Developed Country Corporation As provided in the 1980s in U.S. tax laws, a firm that derived at least 80 percent of its income in less developed countries (LDCs) and had at least 80 percent of its assets in LDCs. Dividend and interest income from such corporations was excluded from foreign-base company income to the extent it wa......
17. International trade law Part 19 Contents International trade law Part 19   209 Reflections on U.S. International trade law and Practice – Compatibility with the ... Read more...
18. International trade law Part 27 Contents International Trade law Part 27   280 One Decade of Food and Drug Law Scholarship: A Selected Bibliography Lars ... Read more...
19. Competition Law Anti-Dumping and Competition Law and the World Trade Organization Anti-Dumping and Competition Law in relation to the World Trade Organization (WTO) covers several issues. Competition Law in a Global Context Contents of Competition Law in a Global Context Contents of this subject matter [...]...
20. Income Differentiation Decile Ratios of Income Differentiation (in the Human Development Area) In this context, Decile Ratios of Income Differentiation means: ratio between the minimum income 10% of the wealthiest and highest-income families the most low income or people....
21. International trade law Part 24 Contents International Trade law Part 24   249 The ABCs and NTBs of GMOs: The Great European Union-United States Trade ... Read more...
22. Double Taxation Summary of Double Taxation The condition that arises when a multinational firm is taxed on overseas income in both the source country and the country of the corporation's domicile. This problem arises because nations use varying systems of taxation. Recognizing that double taxation is [...]...
23. Prime Rate The rate of interest on business loans by commercial banks to their most creditworthy customers. The maintenance of a COMPENSATING BALANCE (read this and related legal terms for further details) by the borrower is custom......
24. International Labor Organization International Labor Organization Outline The ILO was established in 1919 in Washington. It became a specialized agency of the UN with independent status after the Second World War. The organization has representation from both the governments and trade unions of the member countries, and is a [...]...
25. Company Law The Legal History of Company Law This section provides an overview of Company Law Applied Company Law Contents of Applied Company Law Contents of this subject matter include: Introduction; Alternative Business Structures Characteristics of a Company Company's liability in Crime, Contract [...]...
26. Income Explosion A dramatic increase in per capita income, especially where the income increases are well dispersed throughout the population. Such income increases will stimulate consumer demand, usually reflected in an increase of imports.......
27. Economic Profit Economic Profit and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Economic Profit: The amount by which a producer's income exceeds total operating costs, including the cost of capital provided by the [...]...
28. International law index W Contents International law index W   Waiver Walvis Bay War Crimes War Graves War Materials War Reparations War Zones War, ... Read more...
29. World Trade Organization Functions World Trade Organization In relation to the international law practice and world trade organization in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Trade, Commercial Relations, Investment, and Transportation About this subject:WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement [...]...
30. Intellectual Property Protection Intellectual Property Protection in International Economic Law In international economic law, intellectual property protection includes the following legal areas, with coverage in this world legal encyclopedia: li> Goals, Principles and Minimum Standards of Protection of Intellectual Property [...]...
31. International Trade Center International Trade Center (ITC) This section provides an overview of international trade center (itc) within the legal context of Development Institutions in international economic law, with coverage of Architecture. Resources See Also International Organization Foreign Relations [...]...
32. Insurable Interest An interest such that, should an insured peril occur, the insured party would suffer an economic loss.......
33. Interest Arbitrage The shift of short term funds from one country to another to exploit higher interest rates.......
34. Interest in Property Introduction to Interest in PropertyInterest in Property, right, claim, or share in property. An interest in property does not necessarily include only tangible items, such as land. It is possible to have an interest in abstract concepts, such as copyrighted material or patents on invention......
35. International Patent Law Patent International patent lawIntroduction to International patent lawThe first treaty to deal with international patent law was the Paris Convention of 1883, which was originally adopted by 20 countries from around the world and has since been adopted by most others. In addition,......
36. Anti-dumping Anti-dumping Anti-Dumping and Competition Law and the World Trade Organization Anti-Dumping and Competition Law in relation to the World Trade Organization (WTO) covers several issues. The Anti-Dumping Agreement and the World Trade Organization The Anti-Dumping Agreement in relation to the [...]...
37. Interest Group Concept of Interest Group Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Participation Interest Groups Lobbying Resources See Also Government Government Contract Local Government Public Administration Administrative Law [...]...
38. Interest Arbitration Description of Interest Arbitration Resources See Also Labor Employment...
39. Interest Rate Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
40. Interest Dispute Resources See Also Trade Unionism Trade Union Chartism Trade Union Legislation...
41. International human rights law Part 3 Contents International human rights law Part 3   21 The Isayeva Cases of the European Court of Human Rights: The ... Read more...
42. Interest Rate Risk The risk borne by the holder of fixed rate securities that interest rates will rise above those paid by his holdings, thereby depriving him of interest that might otherwise have been earned.......
43. Interest-Bearing Drafts A draft or bill of exchange containing a clause requiring the drawee to pay interest at a prescribed rate from the date the instrument was drawn until settlement at maturity. A common form of the clause reads: "With interest added thereto at percent per annum fromthe date hereof to ......
44. Intellectual Property Lawsuits Contents Intellectual Property Rights Claims Intellectual Property Lawsuits and Internet Companies “Companies in the Internet, technology and media industries own ... Read more...
45. Tax Rate Other Popular Tax Definitions in the World Legal Encyclopedia Adjusted Gross Income (sometimes, including Tax Rate) Ad......
46. Interest on lawyer trust accounts Interest on lawyer trust accounts Interest on Lawyer Trust Accounts is a program where the interest earned from money held ... Read more...
47. International trade law Part 3 Contents International Trade law Part 3   34 “C.I.F. Gatwick”and Other Such Nonsense upon Stilts: Incoterms and the Law, Jargon ... Read more...
48. International trade law Part 16 Contents International trade law Part 16   189 [Articles] THE ‘HUMAN RIGHTS APPROACH’ ADVOCATED BY THE UN HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR ... Read more...
49. Intellectual Property Practice Preparing for Intellectual Property Practice Contents of Preparing for Intellectual Property Practice Contents of this subject matter include:Topic 2: Legal Method/Statutory InterpretationCourts & Tribunals Appeal & Review Procedures Administrative law & tribunals Remedies Statutory [...]...
50. Interest and Policy Analysis in Private International Law This section contain conflict of laws information and cross references related to interest and policy analysis in private international law on some major countries and additional jurisdictions. It covers key issues involved when citizens face international situations. Information on private [...]...
51. International Security Part 19 Contents International Security Part 19   238 [Articles] THE ‘HUMAN RIGHTS APPROACH’ ADVOCATED BY THE UN HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN ... Read more...
52. International Court of Justice Part 24 Contents International Court of Justice Part 24   418 DRAFT CONVENTION ON JURISDICTION AND RECOGNITION OF JUDGMENTS IN INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ... Read more...
53. International human rights law Part 16 Contents International human rights law Part 16   214 Tolling for the luckless, the abandoned and forsaked: Therapeutic jurisprudence and ... Read more...
54. International Organizations Cross References International Organizations Cross-References International Organizations are Institutions which have membership from several states, and they are usually international in scope. ... Read more...
55. Income Statement Contents The Income Statement The traditional activity-oriented financial statement issued by business enterprises is the income statement. Read about income ... Read more...
56. Cap Summary of Cap The maximum rate of interest that may be charged on a variable or floating rate loan, irrespective of how high the money market index may fluctuate.(Main Author: William J. Miller) CAP and the European Union Resources See Also Rate (Rate cap) Resources See Also [...]...
57. Through Rate A freight rate that is the total rate from origin to destination; in some cases, surcharges may be applicable to the basic freight, and are additional to the through rate.......
58. International Trade Centre International Trade Centre Outline The ITC is a governmental body operating under the joint auspices of GATT and UNCTAD. It initially came into existence in 1964 as an organization supported by GATT and came under the joint auspices of GATT and UNCTAD in 1968. Its main function is to promote......
59. Rate Schedule Other Popular Tax Definitions in the World Legal Encyclopedia Adjusted Gross Income (sometimes, including Rate Schedule) ...
60. International institutions Part 16 Contents International institutions Part 16   179 Norms and Institutions in Global Competition Policy Daniel K. Tarullo American Journal of ... Read more...
61. International copyright Part 1 Contents International copyright Part 1   1 The Path Dependence of European Copyright Stefan Larsson SCRIPTed: a Journal of Law, ... Read more...
62. International human rights law Part 20 Contents International human rights law Part 20   274 The Dann Litigation and International human rights law : The Proceedings ... Read more...
63. International trade law Part 9 Contents International Trade law Part 9   103 THE WTO AND International trade law AFTER DOHA: WHERE DO WE GO ... Read more...
64. Yo-Yo Effect A condition that arises under the rules of Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 8 (read this and related legal terms for further details) when a foreign company's total monetary assets differ from its t......
65. Indirect Tax Other Popular Tax Definitions in the World Legal Encyclopedia Adjusted Gross Income (sometimes, including Indirect Tax) "https://lawin.org/Ad-valorem-tax/" target="_blank"......
66. International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights Part 1 Contents International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights Part 1   1 THE UNITED STATES’ FAILURE TO RATIFY THE ... Read more...
67. International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights Part 2 Contents International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights Part 2   12 Mental health and human rights: The role ... Read more...
68. International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes International Centre For Settlement Of Investment Disputes Summary of International Centre For Settlement Of Investment Disputes An international agency affiliated with the World Bank and serving as a forum for the resolution of international investment disputes. The center was established [...]...
69. Intellectual Property Commercialization Contents of Intellectual Property Commercialization Contents of this subject matter include:Introduction to IP & Economic Development IP Laws Survey (1): Copyright & Design IP Laws Survey (2): Patent & Confidential Information IP Laws Survey (3): Trade Mark, Passing off & Domain Name Business [...]...
70. International copyright Part 12 Contents International copyright Part 12   107 Copyright Law-First Circuit Countermands Photographer’s Copyright in Favor of Fair Use -Nunez v. ... Read more...
71. International human rights law Part 32 Contents International human rights law Part 32   438 ARTICLES: The Status of Women in Chile: Violations of Human Rights ... Read more...
72. International human rights law Part 45 Contents International human rights law Part 45   570 Introduction: The Building Blocks to Recognition of Human Rights and Democracy: ... Read more...
73. Proportional Rate A freight rate that is constructed by adding separate joint or local rates applying to a through movement. A proportional rate, unlike a Combination rate (read this and related legal terms for further details), is applic......
74. Shell Company A "paper" company, usually operated without employees. Normally an attorney or other local agent or management company performs the legal duties of the company on behalf of the stockholders. Shell companies often operate in tax-free or low- tax jurisdictions such as Bermuda, Liechtenstein,......
75. Step-Down Rate A financing agreement in which a lower rate of interest is charged later in the life of the loan than at the beginning.......
76. World Bank World Bank and the World Bank Group Further Reading A concise encyclopedia of the United Nations (including World Bank , H Volger, KA Annan -2010) The Oxford Handbook on the United Nations (TG Weiss - 2007) International Law: A Dictionary (including World Bank , Boczek, Boleslaw Adam -2005) [...]...
77. Property Rights Spanish Translation of property rights This is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to property rights and / or a definition of this topic: Derecho Real (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry). Property Rights and the Environment Contents of Property [...]...
78. Innovation Innovation and the Laws of International Trade The relationship between antitrust law and intellectual property Intellectual Property and Competition Law Three general principles When antitrust concerns arise The three markets The horizontal/vertical distinction Rule of [...]...
79. Intellectual Property Policy Intellectual Property Law and Policy Contents of Intellectual Property Law and Policy Contents of this subject matter include: (Copyright Law – introduction, subsistence and exclusive rights; Copyright law – balancing the interests, dealing with copyright) Patents and Biotechnology [...]...
80. International human rights law Part 5 Contents International human rights law Part 5   41 The Concept and Categories of Cultural Rights in International Law – ... Read more...
81. Independent Action The reserved right of a carrier participating in a Conference (read this legal term for further details) or rate agreement to deviate unilaterally from the common tariff and publish its own rate for a given commodity. In those tariffs that permit ......
82. Lombard Rate The interest rate charged West German commercial banks on loans from the central bank using securities as collateral.......
83. Open Rate A freight rate that is not set by a Conference (read this legal term for further details) and is therefore negotiable. An open rate may result from the absence of a conference rate agreement, or similar rate-setting scheme over a given trade route......
84. Inheritance Tax Other Popular Tax Definitions in the World Legal Encyclopedia Adjusted Gross Income (sometimes, including Inheritance Tax) ...
85. Indonesia The Legal History of Indonesia This section provides an overview of Indonesia Indonesia and the World Trade Organization Indonesia in relation to the World Trade Organization (WTO) covers several issues. Resources See Also International Organization Foreign Relations Intergovernmental [...]...
86. General Cargo Rate General Cargo Rate in International Trade Meaning of General Cargo Rate, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The rate a carrier charges for the shipment of cargo that does not have a special class rate or commodity rate....
87. FASB FASB in Financial Law Concept of FASB in this field: Financial Accounting Standards Board. Sets accounting standards for public and private companies. Interest Rate Swap: A contract between two parties, wherein the first counterparty agrees to make fixedrate interest payments to the second [...]...
88. Trade Institutions General, Trade and Investment Related Institutions in International Economic Law In international economic law, general, trade and investment related institutions includes the following legal areas, with coverage in this world legal encyclopedia: li> World Trade Organization (WTO) United [...]...
89. International trade law Part 22 Contents International Trade law Part 22   234 The First-Scale Doctrine in International Intellectual Property Law: Trade in Copyright Related ... Read more...
90. Freight, All Kinds Rate A fixed charge levied by a carrier to ship a container, trailer, car, et cetera, from one point to another, irrespective of the contents. A FAK rate supersedes class or commodity rates. The shipper, in effect, pays a flat charge to move the unit and may ship whatever he wishes up to the rated capaci......
91. Marine Interest The rate of interest applicable to bonds for Bottomry and Respondentia (qq.v.). Customarily, such rates were far in excess of those charged on commercial transactions generally.......
92. Conflicts of Interest References See Also Legal Profession Duties Lawyers Resources See Also Legal Profession Duties Lawyers...
93. Conflict of Interest Conflict of Interest in Election Law Personal, direct or indirect interest of a member or staff of an Election Management Body (EMB), whether financial or otherwise, that is related to any matter that comes up for decision before that EMB. In such a case, the member or staff of the EMB [...]...
94. Expression of Interest Expression of Interest (EOI) in International Trade Meaning of Expression of Interest (EOI), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A summary from a potential supplier that shows they are interested in and capable of delivering particular goods or services. [...]...
95. Public Interest Concept of Public Interest Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Participation Interest Groups Lobbying Resources See Also Social Policy Social Development Sociology Public Policy Social Law...
96. Admission Against Interest Description of Admission Against Interest Resources See Also Declaration Against Interest Under Declaration Evidence...
97. Against Interest Resources See Also Admission Declaration (Declarations against interest)...
98. Adverse Interest Resources See Also Adverse witness...
99. Against Public Interest Resources See Also Public interest...
100. Community of Interest Resources See Also Joint venture...
101. Lawyers, capital and interest Contents Lawyers, capital and interest Main source: Salvador Trinxet Llorca, “Selected writings about lawyers” “Capital and Interest: A Critical History ... Read more...
102. Effective Interest Rate Also known as the real interest rate, the return to capital derived by adjusting the nominal rate of interest for inflation. For example, a bond may bear a nominal rate of interest (the rate that the instrument pays) of 10 percent; by deducting the rate of inflation—say, 4 percent—we derive the ......
103. Full Interest Admitted A stipulation commonly included in open marine insurance policies whereby the insurer admits or accepts without documentary evidence the insurable interest of the policyholder in all merchandise declared and for which a premium is paid.......
104. Nominal Interest Rate The rate of interest earned by an investment, without adjustment for inflation. Deducting the inflation factor from the nominal rate yields the effective or real interest rate, which is a more accurate reflection of the return on the investment.......
105. Policy Proof Of Interest A stipulation in an ocean marine insurance policy whereby the insurer admits the insurable interest of the policyholder.......
106. Real Interest Rate Synonymous with effective interest Rate (read this and related legal terms for further details).......
107. Agency Coupled With An Interest Description of Agency Coupled With an Interest Resources See Also Power Coupled With An Interest Under Power Principal Agent...
108. Adverse-interest Rule Description of Adverse-interest Rule Resources See Also Criminal Law Evidence Trial...
109. Authority Coupled With An Interest Description of Authority Coupled With an Interest Resources See Also Principal Agent...
110. Foreign Policy Interest of the United States Dismissal of the Claims Against Erste Bank Group ag and Mkb Bank in This Action Would be in the Foreign Policy Interest of the United States in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): The German Foundation [...]...
111. European Economic Interest Grouping European Economic Interest Grouping and Europe There is an entry on european economic interest grouping in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "European Economic Interest Grouping" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union [...]...
112. Qualified Terminable Interest Property Qualified Terminable Interest Property (q-tip). Resources See Also O-TIP trust...
113. Junior Interest Resources See Also Creditor (Junior creditor)...
114. The Function of Rights: The Will Theory and the Interest Theory Main source: Wenar, Leif, “Rights”, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2011 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = . ... Read more...
115. Income Tax Other Popular Tax Definitions in the World Legal Encyclopedia Adjusted Gross Income (sometimes, including Income Tax) Ad Valorem Tax (sometimes, including Income Tax) Alternative Minimum Tax (sometimes, including Income Tax) Big Four (audit firms) (sometimes, including Income Tax) Black [...]...
116. Income Distribution Related Fields Related topics include: Disposable Income Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Bankruptcy Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Inequality Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Wage Find this subject in this World legal [...]...
117. Income Generating Activities Resources See Also Income Distribution Bankruptcy Inequality...
118. Investment Return Resources See Also Income Distribution Bankruptcy Inequality...
119. International Lawyers Associations 2 International Association of Democratic Lawyers Region: Contents International Since IADL’s founding in 1946 in Paris, IADL members have participated in ... Read more...
120. In re DUBERG 2 Contents In re DUBERG 2 See previously In re DUBERG case D. Considering that it is undoubtedly true that ir ... Read more...