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1. Biological Weapons Proliferation Sanctions Chemical and Biological Weapons Proliferation Sanctions in 2013 United States views on international law [1] in relation to Chemical and Biological Weapons Proliferation Sanctions: On June 21, 2013, the State Department determined that lifting sanctions on five Chinese entities, imposed on [...]...
2. Ofac De-listings Ofac De-listings in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): In 2011, OFAC determined that six individuals, who had been designated pursuant to E.O. 13224, should be removed from the Treasury [...]...
3. Trade Controls In the United States For information about Trade Controls in the context of international trade, click here...
4. International Restrictions Sanctions, Export Controls, and Certain Other Restrictions in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): this subject area of the world Encylopedia of Law discusses selected developments during 2011 relating [...]...
5. Information Exports In the United States For information about Information exports in the context of international trade, click here...
6. Bank Export Services In the United States For information about Bank Export Services in the context of international trade, click here...
7. Missile Sanctions Missile Sanctions in 2013 United States views on international law [1] in relation to Missile Sanctions: On February 5, 2013, the State Department imposed sanctions on two Chinese persons for engaging in missile proliferation activities. 78 Fed. Reg. 9768 (Feb. 11, 2013). The sanctions [...]...
8. International Sanctions Cross References of Sanctions, Export Controls, International Restrictions in International Law United Nations resolution condemning Iran-supported plot against Saudi ambassador, information on International Criminal Law in this legal Encyclopedia.B.1.b. Designation of Foreign Terrorist [...]...
9. Munitions Munitions and the Laws of International Trade Munitions list in Some Countries Export Control in Merger and Acquisitions Registration as a munitions manufacturer Registration as munitions broker Due diligence under the international traffic in arms regulations: Munitions list [...]...
10. Modification of Sanctions Imposition, Implementation, and Modification of Sanctions In relation to the international law practice and imposition, implementation, and modification of sanctions in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Sanctions, Export Controls, and Certain Other Restrictions [...]...
11. Defense In the United States For information about Defense in the context of international trade, click here Overlap with export administration regulations in some Countries Export Control in Merger and Acquisitions Resources See Also Defense Resources See Also Further Reading Information about [...]...
12. Supply Controls In the United States For information about Supply controls in the context of international trade, click here...
13. Treasury Department Controls In the United States For information about Treasury Department controls in the context of international trade, click here...
14. Assistance Restrictions Modification of Sanctions and Assistance Restrictions in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): Effective July 18, 2011, the Department of State lifted measures imposed on one individual (Shah Hakim [...]...
15. Arms In the United States For information about Arms in the context of international trade, click here International Trafic in Arms Export Licensing, Defense Trade Controls and National Security Resources See Also Use Of Force Arms Control Disarmament Nonproliferation Resources See Also [...]...
16. Zimbabwe The Legal History of Zimbabwe This section provides an overview of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On December 9, 2011, OFAC designated two entities pursuant to E.O. 13469, [...]...
17. Commerce Control In the United States For information about Commerce control in the context of international trade, click here...
18. Ofac Designations Ofac Designations in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): OFAC designated 31 individuals (including their known aliases) and two entities pursuant to Executive Order 13224 during 2011. The designated [...]...
19. Countries Sanctioned Countries Sanctioned and the Laws of International Trade Countries or entities currently subject to sanctions by the United States: Burma International Trade Control Legislation Countries currently subject to sanctions by the United States: The Iranian Assets Control Regulations: [...]...
20. COCOM (Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls) COCOM (Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls) in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of COCOM (Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls): A working group of 16 [...]...
21. Reexports In the United States For information about Reexports in the context of international trade, click here...
22. Deemed Exports In the United States For information about Deemed exports in the context of international trade, click here...
23. Iran The Legal History of Islamic Law in Iran This section provides an overview of Islamic Law in Iran Iran in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): See information on Nationality, Citizenship and Immigration [...]...
24. Regulations In the United States For information about Regulations in the context of international trade, click here 69 Federal Register 16873-01 Explained in the United States of America (In the U.S. law) References See Also Administrative Law (in international or comparative law) Rules (in [...]...
25. Us Executive Order 13382 Executive Order 13382 in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On August 10, 2011, OFAC designated two entities (Commercial Bank of Syria and Syrian Lebanese Commercial Bank) pursuant to E.O. 13382, [...]...
26. Iran Restrictions Iran in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): In 2011, the United States continued to pursue its dual-track approach to preventing Iran from gaining a nuclear weapons capability. see this world legal [...]...
27. Narcotics Trafficking In the United States For information about Narcotics Trafficking in the context of international trade, click here...
28. Commodity Jurisdiction In the United States For information about Commodity jurisdiction in the context of international trade, click here...
29. Customs Violations In the United States For information about Customs violations in the context of international trade, click here...
30. Offshore Procurement In the United States For information about Offshore procurement in the context of international trade, click here...
31. International Trafic in Arms In the United States For information about International Trafic in Arms in the context of international trade, click here...
32. Reporting Requirements In the United States For information about Reporting Requirements in the context of international trade, click here...
33. Antiboycott Regulations In the United States For information about Antiboycott Regulations in the context of international trade, click here...
34. Military Equipment In the United States For information about Military equipment in the context of international trade, click here...
35. Implementing Un Security Council Resolutions Implementing United Nations Security Council Resolutions in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): As discussed in Section A.1.b.(1) above, the United States implemented the asset freeze provisions in the [...]...
36. Extensions of Credit In the United States For information about Extensions of credit in the context of international trade, click here...
37. Department of State Department of State in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): In 2011, the Department of State announced the Secretary of State's designation of five entities and 16 individuals (including their known [...]...
38. Arms Licensing Arms Licensing and the Laws of International Trade Licensing requirements Export Licensing, Defense Trade Controls and National Security Types of licenses and forms Temporary export license Temporary import license Permanent export license Filing licenses and shipping [...]...
39. Advisory Opinions In the United States For information about Advisory opinions in the context of international trade, click here...
40. Commerce Department Entity List Commerce Department Entity List in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): During 2011 the Department of Commerce, Bureau of Industry and Security ("BIS"), amended the Export Administration [...]...
41. Denied Persons In the United States For information about Denied persons in the context of international trade, click here...
42. Foreign Employees In the United States For information about Foreign employees in the context of international trade, click here...
43. Homeland Security In the United States For information about Homeland Security in the context of international trade, click here...
44. Acquisitions In the United States For information about Acquisitions in the context of international trade, click here Tax Issues in Mergers and Acquisitions Export Control in Merger and Acquisitions Acquisitions Intellectual Property and Competition Law Resources See Also Library Law Library Legal [...]...
45. Organized Crime Sanctions Program Organized Crime Sanctions Program in 2013 United States views on international law [1] in relation to Organized Crime Sanctions Program: See Chapter 16 for a discussion of sanctions related to transnational organized crime. Resources Notes Organized Crime Sanctions Program in the [...]...
46. Trafic in Arms Requirements Terminox and the Laws of International Trade Payments subject to the reporting requirements: Political contributions Export Licensing, Defense Trade Controls and National Security Fees or commissions Payments by vendors Reporting requirements for political contributions & [...]...
47. Iraq The Legal History of Islamic Law in Iraq This section provides an overview of Islamic Law in Iraq Iraq in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On May 17, 2011, President Obama continued the national [...]...
48. Trade Control In the United States For information about Trade Control in the context of international trade, click here...
49. Export Administration Regulations Export Administration Regulations and the Laws of International Trade The Export Administration Regulations Export Control Compliance and Administration National security-related controls Foreign policy controls Short supply controls Jurisdiction Foreign boycotts under [...]...
50. Export Control Export Control and the Laws of International Trade Export control reform initiative Export Administration System Commerce control list Export Control in Merger and Acquisitions Dual use items End-use-based controls Reexports Software and technology Regulatory requirements for all [...]...
51. Export Control Laws Export Control Laws and the Laws of International Trade Worldwide export control laws Export Control in Merger and Acquisitions Countries covered Extraterritorial application Entity-based sanctions Other export statutes Due diligence under other export statutes [...]...
52. Export Violations Export Violations and the Laws of International Trade Export violations; evidence of violations Export Control in Merger and Acquisitions Post-closing discovery of an export violation If an export violation is discovered Ongoing violations Cessation of illegal activity [...]...
53. Export Controls Export Controls and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Export Controls: Regulations or restrictions applied to exports by the government of the exporting country to limit [...]...
54. Export Clearance In the United States For information about Export clearance in the context of international trade, click here...
55. Export Compliance Programs In the United States For information about Export Compliance programs in the context of international trade, click here...
56. Export Due Diligence In the United States For information about Export due diligence in the context of international trade, click here...
57. Export Licenses In the United States For information about Export Licenses in the context of international trade, click here...
58. Economic Sanctions UN Sanctions against Iran Note: for more information, click here. United Nations Sanctions against Iran by Title, Description and Date: UN Security Council Resolution 1696: Resolution expressing the Security Council's concern about the direction of Iran's nuclear program. (July 31, [...]...
59. International Export Sanctions Sanctions Under Executive Order 13382 In relation to the international law practice and Sanctions Under Executive Order 13382 in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Sanctions, Export Controls, International Restrictions About this subject: Imposition, [...]...
60. Export Control System In the United States For information about Export Control System in the context of international trade, click here...
61. Export Procedures In the United States For information about Export Procedures in the context of international trade, click here...
62. Commerce Sanctions In the United States For information about Commerce sanctions in the context of international trade, click here...
63. Sanctions Laws In the United States For information about Sanctions laws in the context of international trade, click here...
64. Defense Export Control In the United States For information about Defense Export Control in the context of international trade, click here...
65. Sanctions Regulations Persons who threaten stabilization efforts in Iraq with violence ...
66. Trade Sanctions Somalia Sanctions ...
67. Export Administration In the United States For information about Export Administration in the context of international trade, click here...
68. Export Control Enforcement In the United States For information about Export Control Enforcement in the context of international trade, click here...
69. Export Control Regulations In the United States For information about Export Control Regulations in the context of international trade, click here...
70. Export Customs Clearance In the United States For information about Export Customs Clearance in the context of international trade, click here...
71. Export Regulations In the United States For information about Export Regulations in the context of international trade, click here...
72. Export Control Classification Numbers In the United States For information about Export Control Classification Numbers in the context of international trade, click here...
73. Export In the United States For information about Export in the context of international trade, click here Export in International Trade Meaning of Export, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): To ship an item away from a country for sale to another country. [...]...
74. Export Compliance Export Compliance and the Laws of International Trade Enforcement: Compliance and investigations Export Administration System Penalties Effects of cooperation with the government Examples of enforcement actions Judicial review Some guidelines for export compliance [...]...
75. Export Documentation In the United States For information about Export Documentation in the context of international trade, click here...
76. International Trade Law Outline Following an introductory overview of the principles and structure of international trade law, this entry concentrates on the substantive obligations in the agreements that form part of the World Trade Organization Agreement, including tariff and customs?related matters, [...]...
77. International Trade Commission For more details on United States International Trade Commission, click here.......
78. International Trade International Political Economy Trends: International Trade Introduction to International Trade In the 21st century, international trade has grown to 20 percent of the world's total production of goods and services-around $6.5 trillion per year. This volume of trade is almost seven times [...]...
79. International Trade Organization International Trade Organization (ITO) in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of International Trade Organization (ITO): (Not to be confused with Multilateral Trade "Organization, Sec. I). An [...]...
80. Export Management Company A private company that serves as the export department of other firms, usually small- and medium-size manufacturers. An EMC will provide a variety of services for its clients, to include locating customers abroad, arranging transportation and financing for the merchandise, developing foreign [...]...
81. Export Processing Zone Summary of Export Processing Zone A special type of Foreign Trade Zone (read this and related legal terms for further details) within which certain exemptions from duties, taxes, and regulations are granted as an inducement to export-oriented manufacturing. Customarily a manufacturer within [...]...
82. Export Quota Agreement An arrangement arising under an international commodity agreement whereby each participating exporting nation is allocated a portion of the market. Participating importing nations agree to limit imports from nonmember nations. The object of the system is to maintain price stability, thus [...]...
83. Export Subsidy Summary of Export Subsidy A direct payment, tax relief, or other incentive provided by a government to encourage export sales. The use of such devices is apt to be regarded as undesirable by the importing nation and may result in the imposition of Countervailing Duties (read this legal term [...]...
84. Sanctions United Nations Sanctions Further Reading A concise encyclopedia of the United Nations (including Sanctions , H Volger, KA Annan -2010) The Oxford Handbook on the United Nations (TG Weiss - 2007) International Law: A Dictionary (including Sanctions , Boczek, Boleslaw Adam -2005) Spanish [...]...
85. Export Control Compliance Export Control Compliance and the Laws of International Trade Management corporate policy statement Export Control Internal Compliance Programs Delegation of authority Product classification Screening denied/restricted parties Weapons proliferation screening Country [...]...
86. Export Credits Group on Export Credits and Credit Guarantees in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Group on Export Credits and Credit Guarantees: A subgroup of the OECD Trade .Committee,comprising all OECD [...]...
87. Export Trading Company Export Trading Company and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Export Trading Company: (Also known as an export management company.) A private firm that provides related-related services to other [...]...
88. Export-Led Growth Export-Led Growth and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Export-Led Growth: A macroeconomic strategy focusing on expansion of the export sector --such as through export subsidies or competitive [...]...
89. Export Quota Export Quota and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Export Quota: A specific restriction or ceiling imposed by an exporting country on the value or volume of certain exports. [...]...
90. Export Enhancement Program Export Enhancement Program (EEP) and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Export Enhancement Program (EEP): A system of agricultural export subsidies maintained by the United [...]...
91. Export Guarantees Export Guarantees and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Export Guarantees: Assurances by an exporter's government that financing provided by a private lender will be [...]...
92. Export Restrictions Export Restrictions and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Export Restrictions: While usage varies, this term is often used to denote quantitative limits or charges on exports [...]...
93. Export Cartels In the United States For information about Export cartels in the context of international trade, click here...
94. Export Companies In the United States For information about Export Companies in the context of international trade, click here...
95. Export Laws In the United States For information about Export laws in the context of international trade, click here...
96. Export Trading In the United States For information about Export Trading in the context of international trade, click here...
97. National Export Initiative In the United States For information about National Export Initiative in the context of international trade, click here...
98. Nonproliferation Export Controls In the United States For information about Nonproliferation export controls in the context of international trade, click here...
99. Export Control Reform Export Control Reform in 2013 United States views on international law [1] in relation to Export Control Reform: On April 16, 2013, the Department of State announced that the U.S. Government had issued the first in a series of new rules regarding the export of munitions and commercial [...]...
100. Export Control Violations Aeroflex: Resolution of Export Control Violations in 2013 United States views on international law [1] in relation to Aeroflex: Resolution of Export Control Violations: On August 9, 2013, the State Department announced that it had entered into a consent agreement with Aeroflex Incorporated [...]...
101. Export International Restrictions Issues Communication to the Committee Established Pursuant to Resolution 1718 In relation to the international law practice and Communication to the Committee Established Pursuant to Resolution 1718 in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Sanctions, Export Controls, [...]...
102. Energy-related Sanctions Energy-related Sanctions in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On March 29, 2011, the State Department announced sanctions on Belarusneft, a state-owned Belarusian energy company, under the Iran [...]...
103. Export Bar A bar of pure gold, used principally in settling balances between central banks or other official financial institutions.......
104. Export Value Summary of Export Value The price at which a foreign manufacturer customarily freely offers for sale a given product for export to the United States in the usual wholesale quantities, less export discounts, packing, and costs of preparing the goods for export. The use of this value [...]...
105. Export Control Act An act of Congress passed in 1949 requiring that all commercial exports from the United States be licensed. Authority was granted to the president to devise specific regulations to control exports; this authority has been delegated to the Secretary of Commerce. The regulations subsequently [...]...
106. Export Diversification Summary of Export Diversification The movement of a nation away from the export of a single or limited number of products as the principal source of foreign exchange earnings. Export diversification programs are usually the priority objectives of small or underdeveloped nations, [...]...
107. Export Duty A tax imposed on exports. This mechanism serves as a source of government revenue and is imposed by some countries on a limited number of products. Export duties are expressly forbidden by the U.S. Constitution.......
108. Export Jobber A company that purchases and exports merchandise only against a firm order from abroad. Typically the jobber does not take physical possession of the goods.......
109. Export Merchant A firm that purchases goods from various domestic manufacturers, ships them abroad, and markets through other middlemen or their own organization. The export merchant tends to specialize in a given product category.......
110. Export Privileges The opportunity afforded by the U.S. government to engage in export transactions. The Export Control Act and its successor Export Administration Act have provided that all exports are under authority of license (including the general license requiring no prior approval); hence, exporting is a privil......
111. Export Tariff A tax or duty levied by a governmental authority upon the exportation of a product. Such taxes upon exports have been abolished by all major trading nations but are still retained by some developing nations, particularly on exports of mineral or agricultural commodities, as a source of state revenu......
112. Export Trading Company Act A 1982 act of Congress designed to promote American exports by modifying the application of antitrust laws and reducing restrictions on export financing on certain export transactions. The legislation is divided into four parts. Title I directs the Department of Commerce to encourage the formation o......
113. Export Unemployment A conscious program to relieve domestic unemployment or economic stagnation through the stimulation of export sales. The term is used generally in relation to improper export promotion vehicles such as dumping (read this and......
114. Export Platforms Export Platforms and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Export Platforms: Refers to countries such as Mexico, Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia, and South Korea that established incentive programs [...]...
115. Export Restraints Export Restraints and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Export Restraints: Also referred to as bilateral restraint agreements. Quantitative restrictions applied by exporting [...]...
116. Export Credits Arrangement Export Credits Arrangement and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Export Credits Arrangement: Formal title is the Arrangement on Guidelines for Officially Supported Export [...]...
117. Export Requirements Export Performance Requirements and International Trade Resources See Also performance requirements...
118. Deemed Export In the United States For information about Deemed Export in the context of international trade, click here...
119. Export Statutes In the United States For information about Export statutes in the context of international trade, click here...
120. Export Trade Certificates In the United States For information about Export trade certificates in the context of international trade, click here...