Related Entries of the International Encyclopedia:

1. European System of Central Banks European System of Central Banks and the European Union Resources See Also ESCB...
2. Euro Area Hierarchical Display of Euro area Finance > Monetary relations > Monetary relations > Currency areaFinance > Monetary relations > European currency > EuroFinance > Monetary economics > Economic and Monetary UnionFinance > Monetary relations > Monetary relations > Currency area > [...]...
3. Economic and Monetary Union Economic and Monetary Union and the European Union Resources See Also EMU...
4. Euro Embracing mainstream international law, this section on euro explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Euro and Europe There is an entry on euro in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Euro" in the work [...]...
5. European Stability Mechanism Hierarchical Display of European Stability Mechanism Finance > Monetary relations > Monetary relations > Currency area > Euro area Concept of European Stability Mechanism See the dictionary definition of European Stability Mechanism. Characteristics of European Stability Mechanism [rtbs [...]...
6. Eurosystem Hierarchical Display of Eurosystem Finance > Monetary economics > Economic and Monetary Union > European System of Central Banks Concept of Eurosystem See the dictionary definition of Eurosystem. Characteristics of Eurosystem [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] Resources Translation of Eurosystem [...]...
7. Central Banks European System of Central Banks (ESCB) and Europe There is an entry on european system of central banks (escb) in the European legal encyclopedia. This section provides an overview of central banks within the legal context of Monetary Institutions in international economic law, with coverage [...]...
8. Central Rate Each currency affiliated with the EUROPEAN monetary system (read this and related legal terms for further details) is assigned a value in terms of the European currency unit (ECU). The central rate is the range within wh......
9. European Central Bank European Central Bank (ECB) and the Treaties of the European Union Description of European Central Bank (ECB) provided by the European Union Commission: The European Central Bank was inaugurated on 30 June 1998. On 1 January 1999 it took over responsibility for implementing European monetary [...]...
10. Convergence Criteria Convergence Criteria and Europe There is an entry on convergence criteria in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Convergence Criteria" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", by Rodney [...]...
11. Monetary Cooperation Hierarchical Display of Monetary cooperation Finance > Monetary relations > Monetary relationsInternational Relations > Cooperation policy > Cooperation policy > Economic cooperationFinance > Monetary economics > Economic and Monetary UnionInternational Relations > Cooperation [...]...
12. European Monetary Fund Hierarchical Display of European Monetary Fund Finance > Monetary relations > European Monetary System Concept of European Monetary Fund See the dictionary definition of European Monetary Fund. Characteristics of European Monetary Fund [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] Resources Translation of [...]...
13. Central Bank The principal monetary authority of a nation. In most commercially developed nations the central bank issues the currency and acts as banker for the government and the nation's commercial banks. By setting the rate at which it will lend money to commercial banks, the central bank [...]...
14. Monetary Union Resources See Also International Organization Foreign Relations Intergovernmental Organization Regional Organization Regional Integration...
15. Eurogroup (euro Area) Hierarchical Display of Eurogroup (euro area) Finance > Monetary relations > Monetary relations > Currency area > Euro area Eurogroup (euro area) Concept of Eurogroup (euro area) See the dictionary definition of Eurogroup (euro area). Characteristics of Eurogroup (euro area) [rtbs [...]...
16. Monetary Policy Monetary Policy (in the Human Development Area) In this context, Monetary Policy means: the complex of actions aiming to regulate the money supply in a country. By changing banking interest rate, or acting on open securities' market, a government either enlarges or diminishes inflow of [...]...
17. Exchange Policy Hierarchical Display of Exchange policy Finance > Monetary economicsFinance > Monetary relations > Monetary relationsFinance > Monetary relations > European currency > EuroTrade > Trade policy > Commercial law > Law on negotiable instrumentsFinance > Monetary economics > [...]...
18. European Monetary Agreement Hierarchical Display of European Monetary Agreement Finance > Monetary relations > Monetary relations > Monetary agreementInternational Organisations > World organisations > World organisation > Bank for International SettlementsFinance > Monetary economics > Exchange policy > Currency [...]...
19. Support Mechanism Hierarchical Display of Support mechanism European Union > EU finance > EU financing > EU financial instrumentFinance > Monetary relations > Balance of paymentsFinance > Monetary relations > Monetary relations > Currency area > Euro area > European Stability MechanismFinance > [...]...
20. European Monetary System Summary of European Monetary System A mechanism established by the European Communities to mitigate exchange rate fluctuations among the members and establish a zone of "monetary stability in Europe."The EMS is, in part, a fulfillment of the 1970 Werner Report (read this and [...]...
21. European Monetary Cooperation Fund The successor to the European payments Union (read this and related legal terms for further details), the EMCF was established by the European Monetary Agreement of 1958 as a vehicle to enhance monetary cooperation among......
22. EU Loan Hierarchical Display of EU loan European Union > EU finance > EU financing > EU financial instrumentEconomics > Economic policy > Economic support > EU aidFinance > Monetary relations > European Monetary System EU loan Concept of EU loan See the dictionary definition of EU loan. [...]...
23. Reserve Currency Summary of Reserve Currency The currency of a major trading national, widely accepted in international transactions and regarded as stable, that is held by the central banks or monetary authorities of other nations as a form of collateral for their own currency. The use of reserve [...]...
24. European Payments Union Summary of European Payments Union An intra-European mechanism for the periodic settlement of trade balances. The EPU was established July 1, 1950, among the members of the Organization for European Economic Cooperation (read this and related legal terms for further details) (OEEC) to [...]...
25. Supply and Demand Hierarchical Display of Supply and demand Trade > TradeTrade > Trade policy > MarketEconomics > Economic structure > Economic system > Market economyEconomics > Economic analysis > Economic analysisFinance > Prices > Prices policy > Price formationFinance > Monetary [...]...
26. Monetary Committee (EU) Hierarchical Display of Monetary Committee (EU) Finance > Monetary relations > European Monetary SystemEuropean Union > EU institutions and European civil service > EU office or agency > Committee (EU)Finance > Monetary economics > Economic and Monetary Union > Economic and Financial [...]...
27. Bank For International Settlements Bank For International Settlements Summary of Bank For International Settlements An international bank owned and controlled by the central banks of twenty-four European and five non-European central banks. The BIS was formed at the Hague Conference of 1930 in response to pressures for the [...]...
28. European Monetary Union Meaning of European Monetary Union Here is a very short concept of european monetary union in the European Union framework: It is a common mistake that EMU means European monetary union. In fact the initials stand for Economic and Monetary Union, a more far-reaching goal. Resources Notas y [...]...
29. Price Formation Hierarchical Display of Price formation Finance > Prices > Prices policyTrade > Trade > Supply and demandFinance > Prices > Market pricesBusiness And Competition > Competition > Competition policy > Competition Price formation Concept of Price formation See the dictionary [...]...
30. Eurodollar Eurodollar and Europe There is an entry on eurodollar in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Eurodollar" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", by Rodney Leach (Profile Books; London)...
31. Currency Area Optimum Currency Area and Europe There is an entry on optimum currency area in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Optimum Currency Area" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", by Rodney [...]...
32. Clearing Agreement Hierarchical Display of Clearing agreement Finance > Monetary relations > International finance > International paymentFinance > Monetary relations > Monetary relations > Monetary agreement Clearing agreement Concept of Clearing agreement See the dictionary definition of Clearing [...]...
33. Monetary Integration Hierarchical Display of Monetary integration Finance > Monetary relations > Monetary relationsEuropean Union > European construction > Deepening of the European Union > European integrationEconomics > Economic policy > Economic policy > Economic integration Monetary integration Concept [...]...
34. European Integration Embracing mainstream international law, this section on european integration explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "european integration" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law [...]...
35. Fluctuation Margin Hierarchical Display of Fluctuation margin Finance > Monetary relations > European Monetary System > EMS exchange-rate mechanism > Central rateEconomics > Economic policy > Economic policy > Economic convergence > Convergence criteria Fluctuation margin Concept of Fluctuation margin See [...]...
36. Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance Hierarchical Display of Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance European Union > European Union law > European treatiesFinance > Monetary economics > Economic and Monetary Union > Economic governance (EU) Concept of Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance See the [...]...
37. Foreign Currency Foreign Currency in International Trade Meaning of Foreign Currency, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The currency of any foreign country which is authorized medium of circulation and the basis for record keeping in that country. Foreign currency is [...]...
38. Canceling Date The date specified in a charter party by which the vessel must be ready to load; if the vessel is not ready at the specified time, the charterer may exercise his option of rescinding the agreement.......
39. EU Financial Instrument Hierarchical Display of EU financial instrument European Union > EU finance > EU financingEconomics > Economic policy > Economic support > EU aidAgriculture, Forestry And Fisheries > Agricultural policy > Common agricultural policy > Agri-monetary policyFinance > Monetary relations [...]...
40. Startup ContentsStartupStartup in the United StatesResourcesSee Also Startup Startup in the United States The Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (the “JOBS ... Read more...
41. Currency Convertibility Hierarchical Display of Currency convertibility Finance > Monetary economics > Exchange policyFinance > Monetary economics > Money market > MoneyFinance > Monetary economics > Monetary policy > Issuing of currencyFinance > Monetary relations > International finance > International [...]...
42. Monetary Agreement Resources See Also Further Reading Information related to monetary agreement in the Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law(MPEPIL), Germany, United Kingdom...
43. Macroeconomics Hierarchical Display of Macroeconomics Economics > Economic analysis > Economic analysisEconomics > Economic structure > EconomyScience > Humanities > Social sciences > EconomicsFinance > Monetary relations > Monetary relations > Currency area > Euro area > European Stability [...]...
44. Economic Union Summary of Economic Union Also known as an economic community, an advanced form of economic integration on the part of several states. The economic union incorporates the features of a Common market (read this and related legal terms for further details)—unrestricted free trade among [...]...
45. EU Borrowing Hierarchical Display of EU borrowing European Union > EU finance > EU financing > EU financial instrumentFinance > Financial institutions and credit > Credit > BorrowingFinance > Monetary relations > International finance > International loan EU borrowing Concept of EU borrowing See [...]...
46. Committee (EU) Hierarchical Display of Committee (EU) European Union > EU institutions and European civil service > EU office or agencyFinance > Monetary relations > European Monetary System > Monetary Committee (EU) Committee (EU) Concept of Committee (EU) See the dictionary definition of Committee [...]...
47. Sister Company Sister Company in International Trade Meaning of Sister Company, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A sister company is a company with close affiliations to another company with a separate name and personnel. Both companies are owned by the same parent and [...]...
48. Participating Country Hierarchical Display of Participating country Finance > Monetary relations > Monetary relations > Currency area > Euro area Participating country Concept of Participating country See the dictionary definition of Participating country. Characteristics of Participating country [rtbs [...]...
49. Gold Exchange Standard A condition in which a nation maintains its reserves in a currency convertible into gold rather than in the metal itself. Since August 15, 1971, the U.S. dollar has not been freely convertible into gold by foreign central banks; it therefore does not qualify as a reserve currency for a nation on a g......
50. Central Monetary Institutions The principal agencies of government responsible for a nation's international financial affairs, particularly in exchange rate or balance of payments matters. The central monetary institutions usually consist of the ministry of finance and the central bank, or another exchange control agency.......
51. Economic Integration Summary of Economic Integration The process of unifying two or more national economies through conscious coordination of trade, fiscal, and monetary activities. Economic integration is normally preceded by the reduction or abolition of tariffs, quotas, and similar constraints upon trade [...]...
52. Non-participating Country Hierarchical Display of Non-participating country Finance > Monetary relations > Monetary relations > Currency area > Euro area Non-participating country Concept of Non-participating country See the dictionary definition of Non-participating country. Characteristics of Non-participating [...]...
53. Foreign Central Banks Assets of Foreign Central Banks In relation to the international law practice and Assets of Foreign Central Banks in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Privileges, Immunities About this subject: Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act Under this topic, in the [...]...
54. BIS The Bank for International Settlements, abbreviated as BIS, is the oldest international financial institution and was established on 17 May 1930 in the context of the Young Plan (which dealt with the issue of the reparation payments imposed on Germany by the Treaty of Versailles following the [...]...
55. Export Companies In the United States For information about Export Companies in the context of international trade, click here...
56. Bretton Woods Agreement The product of an international conference on monetary and economic affairs held at the end of World War II, from which resulted the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank; the term is used most commonly in reference to a program for world monetary affairs that emerged from the conference an......
57. Agricultural Levy Hierarchical Display of Agricultural levy European Union > EU finance > Financing of the EU budget > Own resourcesAgriculture, Forestry And Fisheries > Agricultural policy > Common agricultural policy > Agri-monetary policyFinance > Prices > Farm prices > Sluice-gate priceFinance > [...]...
58. Shell Company A "paper" company, usually operated without employees. Normally an attorney or other local agent or management company performs the legal duties of the company on behalf of the stockholders. Shell companies often operate in tax-free or low- tax jurisdictions such as Bermuda, Liechtenstein,......
59. EMS Exchange-rate Mechanism Hierarchical Display of EMS exchange-rate mechanism Finance > Monetary relations > European Monetary SystemEconomics > Economic policy > Economic policy > Economic convergence > Convergence criteria EMS exchange-rate mechanism Concept of EMS exchange-rate mechanism See the dictionary [...]...
60. European Monetary Institute European Monetary Institute (emi) and Europe There is an entry on european monetary institute (emi) in the European legal encyclopedia. European Monetary Institute and the European Union Resources See Also EMI Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "European Monetary Institute [...]...
61. Bilateral Central Rates The European Monetary System is considered here.......
62. Representative Rate Hierarchical Display of Representative rate Agriculture, Forestry And Fisheries > Agricultural policy > Common agricultural policy > Agri-monetary policyFinance > Monetary economics > Exchange policy > Exchange rateFinance > Monetary relations > European Monetary System Representative [...]...
63. Economic Policy Concept of Economic Policy Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Economy Public Policy Resources See Also Social Policy Social Development Sociology Public Policy Social Law...
64. Central Banking ContentsCentral BankingRole of Central BankingMore about BankingCommercial Banking in the United StatesThrift InstitutionsEuropean BankingBanking in the United KingdomInternational BankingSee Also ... Read more...
65. Economic Relations Resources See Also Further Reading Information related to economic relations in the Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law(MPEPIL), Germany, United Kingdom...
66. Azerbaijan For an introduction to Azerbaijan legal materials, see A Guide to the Republic of Azerbaijan Law Research by Ramil Iskandarli. English translations of key Azerbaijan laws are published in the Central & Eastern European Legal Materials series by Columbia University's Parker School [...]...
67. Monetary Institutions Monetary Institutions in International Economic Law In international economic law, monetary institutions includes the following legal areas, with coverage in this world legal encyclopedia: li> International Monetary Fund (IMF) Central Banks Bank of International Settlements (BIS) [...]...
68. Economic Convergence Hierarchical Display of Economic convergence Economics > Economic policy > Economic policyInternational Relations > Cooperation policy > Cooperation policy > Economic cooperationFinance > Public finance and budget policy > Budget policy > Stability programmeFinance > Monetary [...]...
69. European Semester Hierarchical Display of European Semester Finance > Monetary economics > Economic and Monetary Union > Coordination of EMU policies Concept of European Semester See the dictionary definition of European Semester. Characteristics of European Semester [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] Resources [...]...
70. Market Prices Hierarchical Display of Market prices Finance > PricesIndustry > Industrial structures and policy > Industrial policy > Industrial price > Delivered priceIndustry > Industrial structures and policy > Industrial policy > Industrial priceFinance > Prices > Prices policy > Price [...]...
71. Monetary Relations Resources See Also Further Reading Information related to monetary relations in the Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law(MPEPIL), Germany, United Kingdom...
72. London Gold Pool An arrangement among certain European central banks and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York designed to maintain stability in the market price of gold in private transactions. The United States had been committed to buy and sell gold in official transactions at thirty-five dollars per ounce; a priv......
73. Single Monetary Policy Hierarchical Display of Single monetary policy Finance > Monetary economics > Economic and Monetary UnionFinance > Monetary economics > Monetary policy Single monetary policy Concept of Single monetary policy See the dictionary definition of Single monetary policy. Characteristics of [...]...
74. Yearbook Resources See Also Document Information Science Research Investigation Legal Research Study...
75. Economic Cooperation Resources See Also Further Reading Information related to economic cooperation in the Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law(MPEPIL), Germany, United Kingdom...
76. Central African Economic and Monetary Community Hierarchical Display of Central African Economic and Monetary Community International Organisations > Extra-European organisations > African organisation Concept of Central African Economic and Monetary Community See the dictionary definition of Central African Economic and Monetary [...]...
77. European Currency Unit Summary of European Currency Unit The European Monetary System is considered here.(Main Author: William J. Miller) European Currency Unit and the European Union Resources See Also ECU...
78. International Currency Trends in International Political Economy: International CurrencyIntroduction to International CurrencyExplosive growth in the exchange of foreign currencies in international markets has also transformed the global political economy (see foreign exchange). Advanced telecommunicatio......
79. Monetary Compensatory Amount Hierarchical Display of Monetary compensatory amount Agriculture, Forestry And Fisheries > Agricultural policy > Common agricultural policy > Agri-monetary policyFinance > Monetary relations > European currency > EuroFinance > Monetary economics > Exchange policy > Exchange [...]...
80. Divergence Indicator Hierarchical Display of Divergence indicator Finance > Monetary relations > European currency > Euro Divergence indicator Concept of Divergence indicator See the dictionary definition of Divergence indicator. Characteristics of Divergence indicator [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] Resources [...]...
81. Economic Governance (EU) Hierarchical Display of Economic governance (EU) Finance > Monetary economics > Economic and Monetary UnionEuropean Union > European Union law > European treaties > Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance Economic governance (EU) Concept of Economic governance (EU) See the [...]...
82. Exchange Rate Mechanism Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM) and Europe There is an entry on exchange rate mechanism (erm) in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM)" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to [...]...
83. Inflation Concept of Inflation An introductory definition of Inflation is provided here: money is losing value relative to goods and services produced in an economy Resources See Also Foregin Policy Foreign Affairs Resources See Also Further Reading Information related to inflation in the Max [...]...
84. EU Banking Union Hierarchical Display of EU banking union Finance > Monetary economics > Economic and Monetary Union EU banking union Concept of EU banking union See the dictionary definition of EU banking union. Characteristics of EU banking union [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] Resources Translation of EU banking [...]...
85. Deflation Summary of Deflation A decline in the general level of prices, attributable to excessive savings or other factors that have reduced consumption relative to the supply of goods available. Very often, deflation is reflected during the decline phase of the business cycle. There has been no [...]...
86. Fund (EU) Hierarchical Display of Fund (EU) European Union > EU finance > EU financing > EU financial instrumentEconomics > Economic policy > Economic support > EU aidFinance > Monetary relations > European Monetary System > European Monetary Cooperation FundEmployment And Working Conditions [...]...
87. Consent to Act as Director Sample ContentsConsent to Act as Director SampleConsent letter of director to act as director of the CompanyIn IndiaConsent to Act as ... Read more...
88. ESCB ESCB and the European Union Resources See Also European System of Central Banks...
89. Basket of Currencies Hierarchical Display of Basket of currencies Finance > Monetary relations > European currency > Euro Basket of currencies Concept of Basket of currencies See the dictionary definition of Basket of currencies. Characteristics of Basket of currencies [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] Resources [...]...
90. Barre Plan A scheme to enhance the European economy through monetary unification. Articulated in February 1969 by Raymond Barré, then vice-president of the European Community Commission, and later premier of France, essentially the plan provided that each member state of the European Community would set......
91. Microeconomics Hierarchical Display of Microeconomics Economics > Economic analysis > Economic analysisFinance > Monetary relations > Monetary relations > EconomyFinance > Monetary relations > Monetary relations > Type of businessScience > Humanities > Social sciences > Economics Concept of [...]...
92. European Central Bank Opinion Hierarchical Display of European Central Bank opinion European Union > European Union law > EU act > Opinion (EU)European Union > EU institutions and European civil service > EU institution > European Central Bank European Central Bank opinion Concept of European Central Bank opinion See [...]...
93. Monetary Crisis Hierarchical Display of Monetary crisis Finance > Monetary relations > International finance Monetary crisis Concept of Monetary crisis See the dictionary definition of Monetary crisis. Characteristics of Monetary crisis [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] Resources Translation of Monetary crisis [...]...
94. Intervention Price The price at which the European Economic Community, in accordance with the Common Agricultural Policy (read this and related legal terms for further details), will intervene in the market to buy excess agricultural produ......
95. Bank Export Services Act A 1982 act of Congress that amends Federal banking laws to permit banks to acquire equity, up to 100 percent, in Export Trading Companies. The act forms Title II of the Export Trading Company Act. See export TRADING COMPANY ACT.......
96. Monetary System European Monetary System (ems) and Europe There is an entry on european monetary system (ems) in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Public Finance Public Policy Tax Law Financial Regulation Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "European Monetary System (ems)" [...]...
97. EU Policy Hierarchical Display of EU policy European Union > European construction > Deepening of the European Union > EU activityBusiness And Competition > Competition > Competition policySocial Questions > Social affairs > Social policy > European social policyProduction, Technology And [...]...
98. Terms of Trade Summary of Terms of Trade An export-import price ratio derived by dividing indices of export prices by indices of import prices. For example, when export indices are 105 percent of a base period, and import indices are 98 percent of the same base period, then the terms of trade [...]...
99. International Banking ContentsInternational BankingInternational Banking in the United StatesMore about BankingCommercial Banking in the United StatesThrift InstitutionsEuropean BankingRole of Central BankingInternational BankingSee ... Read more...
100. Capital Movement Hierarchical Display of Capital movement Finance > Free movement of capital > Free movement of capitalFinance > Monetary economics > Exchange policy > Foreign exchange marketFinance > Financial institutions and credit > Financial institutionFinance > Monetary relations > [...]...
101. Financial Cooperation Hierarchical Display of Financial cooperation International Relations > Cooperation policy > Cooperation policyInternational Organisations > United Nations > UN specialised agency > World BankFinance > Monetary relations > Monetary relations > Monetary cooperationInternational [...]...
102. ECU Ecu Summary of Ecu The European Monetary System is considered here.(Main Author: William J. Miller) ECU and International Trade Economy ECU (European Currency Unit) and Europe There is an entry on ecu (european currency unit) in the European legal encyclopedia. ECU and the [...]...
103. Submarine Hierarchical Display of Submarine International Relations > Defence > Military equipment > Warships Concept of Submarine See the dictionary definition of Submarine. Characteristics of Submarine [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] Resources Translation of Submarine Spanish: Submarino French: Sous-marin [...]...
104. EMU EMU (Economic and Monetary Union) and Europe There is an entry on emu (economic and monetary union) in the European legal encyclopedia. EMU and the European Union Resources See Also Economic and Monetary Union Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "EMU (Economic and Monetary [...]...
105. Price Support Resources See Also Price Policy Price Control Pricing Strategy Dumping...
106. European Company European Company and Europe There is an entry on european company in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "European Company" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", by Rodney Leach (Profile [...]...
107. Gold Standard Summary of Gold Standard A system under which a nation's currency is freely convertible into gold. The quantity of gold per unit of currency is fixed by law. Most major trading nations, however, abandoned the gold standard because of the constraints it imposes upon liquidity, although [...]...
108. Farm Price Support Hierarchical Display of Farm price support Agriculture, Forestry And Fisheries > Agricultural policy > Common agricultural policy > Agri-monetary policyFinance > Prices > Farm pricesEconomics > Economic policy > Economic policy > Intervention policy > Support policyFinance > Prices [...]...
109. Coordination of EMU Policies Hierarchical Display of Coordination of EMU policies Finance > Monetary economics > Economic and Monetary UnionEconomics > Economic policy > Economic policyFinance > Monetary economics > Monetary policyEconomics > Economic policy > Economic policy > Economic convergenceFinance [...]...
110. EU Institution Hierarchical Display of EU institution European Union > EU institutions and European civil serviceEuropean Union > EU institutions and European civil service > Operation of the Institutions > Appointment of members EU institution Concept of EU institution See the dictionary definition of [...]...
111. Monetary Committee Monetary Committee and Europe There is an entry on monetary committee in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Monetary Committee" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", by Rodney Leach [...]...
112. Aircraft Carrier Hierarchical Display of Aircraft carrier International Relations > Defence > Military equipment > Warships Aircraft carrier Concept of Aircraft carrier See the dictionary definition of Aircraft carrier. Characteristics of Aircraft carrier [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] Resources Translation of [...]...
113. Currency Adjustment Hierarchical Display of Currency adjustment Finance > Monetary economics > Monetary policyFinance > Monetary relations > Balance of payments Currency adjustment Concept of Currency adjustment See the dictionary definition of Currency adjustment. Characteristics of Currency adjustment [rtbs [...]...
114. International Loan Hierarchical Display of International loan Finance > Monetary relations > International financeFinance > Financial institutions and credit > Credit > BorrowingEuropean Union > EU finance > EU financing > EU financial instrument > EU borrowing International loan Concept of International [...]...
115. Export Trading Company Act A 1982 act of Congress designed to promote American exports by modifying the application of antitrust laws and reducing restrictions on export financing on certain export transactions. The legislation is divided into four parts. Title I directs the Department of Commerce to encourage the formation o......
116. Stability Pact Hierarchical Display of Stability pact Finance > Monetary economics > Economic and Monetary Union > Coordination of EMU policiesFinance > Monetary economics > Money market > Monetary policyFinance > Public finance and budget policy > Budget policy > Stability programme Stability pact [...]...
117. Bank Resources See Also Credit Union Cooperative Collective Resources See Also Banking Banc Resources See Also Teller Resources See Also Pass-book Resources See Also National bank Resources See Also Mutual savings bank Savings and loan association. Compare Commercial bank [...]...
118. Petrodollar Dollars remitted to oil-producing countries in settlement of petroleum purchase accounts. As a practical matter, purchases of petroleum from members of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries are usually settled in U.S. dollars because of the immense volumes of currency required for these ......
119. European Currency Unit (ECU) European Currency Unit (ECU) and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of European Currency Unit (ECU): A unit of value based on a "currency basket" comprising specific amounts of the [...]...
120. Harmonisation of Prices Hierarchical Display of Harmonisation of prices Finance > Prices > Prices policy Harmonisation of prices Concept of Harmonisation of prices See the dictionary definition of Harmonisation of prices. Characteristics of Harmonisation of prices [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] Resources Translation of [...]...