Related Entries of the International Encyclopedia:

1. Intervention Summary of Intervention A process within the framework of the Common Agricultural Policy (read this and related legal terms for further details) of the European Economic Community whereby the EEC will purchase certain commodities currently selling below a stipulated target price. The price [...]...
2. Compensatory Tax A special import levy imposed by the European Economic Community upon certain agricultural imports when the entry price of such products falls below a reference, or minimum target, price and the import is priced so as to reflect an export subsidy. Compensatory taxes are institutionalized in the [...]...
3. Food And Agriculture Organization Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Introduction to Food and Agriculture Organization Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), specialized United Nations agency whose main goal is to eliminate hunger on a world scale. The organization's mandate is [...]...
4. Restitutions Export and producer subsidies granted by the European Economic Community to EEC farmers and processors. The subsidies are a feature of the Common Agricultural Policy (read this and related legal terms for further details......
5. International Economic Institutions Institutions Related to International Economic Law In international economic law, institutions related to international economic law includes the following legal areas, with coverage in this world legal encyclopedia: li> International Labour Organization (ILO) Food and Agriculture Organization [...]...
6. International Fund for Agricultural Development International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD): A specialized agency of the United Nations [...]...
7. Intergovernmental Organizations A list of some Intergovernmental Organizations is the following: Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization ( CTBTO ) Food and Agriculture Organization ( FAO ) Global Environment Facility ( GEF ) Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ( IPCC ) International Atomic [...]...
8. Supplementary Levy An additional tax that may be imposed upon imports of pork, poultry, or eggs into the European Economic Community when the purchase price of such items falls below the Gate Price ("https://lawin.org/list-of-international-trade-law-terms/">read this and related legal terms for [...]...
9. Agriculture Agriculture in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Agriculture: Counterpart committees in the industrial sector are known as ISACs. See also IFACs. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) in [...]...
10. Additional Product Aid A feature of the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Economic Community, which provides price supports to EEC producers affected by import competition. The "community preference" mechanism of the CAP eliminates external competition for most items but does not respond for certain pro......
11. Trade Institutions General, Trade and Investment Related Institutions in International Economic Law In international economic law, general, trade and investment related institutions includes the following legal areas, with coverage in this world legal encyclopedia: li> World Trade Organization (WTO) United [...]...
12. Montant De Soutien A plan devised by the European Economic Community in 1963 as the basis of agricultural trade negotiations during the Kennedy round. The plan is predicated upon a reference price for a given agricultural commodity; any imports below the reference price would incur a levy equal to the spread between t......
13. Variable Import Levy A duty applicable to imports of certain significant agricultural commodities into the European Economic Community. The Common Agricultural Policy (read this and related legal terms for further details). of the EEC specif......
14. Development Economics Resources See Also Further Reading Information related to development economics in the Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law(MPEPIL), Germany, United Kingdom...
15. International Law of Trade International Law of TradeFurther ReadingA concise encyclopedia of the United Nations (including International Law of Trade, H Volger, KA Annan -2010) The Oxford Handbook on the United Nations (TG Weiss - 2007) International Law: A Dictionary (including International Law of Trade, Boczek, [...]...
16. Transaction Value The primary method of valuing goods for customs purposes under the Customs Valuation Agreement (read this and related legal terms for further details).......
17. Buyer's Premium A subsidy offered by a member state of the European Economic Community to domestic tobacco processors to encourage the use of EEC, rather than imported, tobaccos. The program, which is a feature of the common AGRICULTURAL POLICY (...
18. United Nations Environment Programme UNEP – United Nations Environment Programme Further Reading A concise encyclopedia of the United Nations (including United Nations Environment Programme , H Volger, KA Annan -2010) The Oxford Handbook on the United Nations (TG Weiss - 2007) International Law: A Dictionary (including [...]...
19. Economic Development Economic Development of Society (in the Human Development Area) In this context, Economic Development of Society means: is a multidimensional process, covering economic growth, structural changes in economy, improvement of conditions and quality of life. Legal Issues in the Third World’s [...]...
20. United Nations Commission on International Trade Law United Nations Commission On International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) United Nations Commission on International Trade Law Outline The United Nations Commission on International Trade Law was set up in 1966 by the General Assembly of the United Nations to deal with conflicts of national laws [...]...
21. Cooley Loans Foreign-currency-denominated loans by the U.S. government to foreign nations to permit the purchase of American agricultural commodities. The loans are authorized by an amendment to the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act (...
22. Territorial Waters Post-World War II Disputes Introduction to Territorial Waters Post-World War II DisputesAfter World War II various countries unilaterally extended their territorial waters, thus provoking a series of international disputes. In 1952 Chile, Peru, and Ecuador claimed jurisdiction in waters up to 200 nautical mi (370.4 k......
23. International Trade Center International Trade Center (ITC) This section provides an overview of international trade center (itc) within the legal context of Development Institutions in international economic law, with coverage of Architecture. Resources See Also International Organization Foreign Relations [...]...
24. Trade Agreements Act Of 1979 An act of Congress implementing certain agreements negotiated under the Tokyo Round (read this and related legal terms for further details). The act replaced the Countervailing Duty Law and Antidumping Act of 1921 and ab......
25. World Trade Data Report A service provided to American manufacturers by the International Trade Administration of the U.S. Department of Commerce as a stimulus to exports. For a fee of forty dollars, an American exporter may secure from the International Trade Administration a report on a potential trading partner. The rep......
26. World Intellectual Property Organization-World Trade Organization: Agreement Between WIPO and WTO Contents World Intellectual Property Organization-World Trade Organization: Agreement Between WIPO and WTO   Article 1 Abbreviated Expressions For the purposes ... Read more...
27. World Encyclopedia of Peace World Encyclopedia of Peace Publication details: 4 vols. New York: Pergamon Press, 1986. According to “Introduction to Research in International ... Read more...
28. World Trade Organization Unlike GATT, the WTO is a permanent body but not a specialized agency of the United Nations. Introduction to World Trade Organization World Trade Organization (WTO), international body that promotes and enforces the provisions of trade laws and regulations. The World Trade Organization has [...]...
29. World Intellectual Property Organization Summary of World Intellectual Property Organization A specialized agency of the United Nations charged with fostering international agreements to protect rights to intellectual property, with the object of facilitating international technology transfer. WIPO serves as the nucleus for new [...]...
30. Arm's Length Price The price at which a given commodity would sell in a sale between an unrelated buyer and seller. Arm's length pricing is the functional opposite of transfer pricing, in which the buyer and seller are related and the price is influenced by that relationship.......
31. Cash Price The same as SPOT price (read this and related legal terms for further details), as used in grain transactions.......
32. Constructed Price A value for customs purposes that ignores the invoice price of the merchandise but is derived by computing the cost inputs of the product (materials plus reasonable manufacturing expenses in the country of origin plus a profit factor), to which are added the normal costs associated with preparing th......
33. Price Cartel An agreement among business entities to fix prices, to establish ranges within which prices may move, or to establish methods by which prices may be determined.......
34. Price Supports A program of governmental action designed to stabilize or lift the price that producers receive for their products. These actions may include direct cash payments, government purchase of output to force up market prices, or special financing. Such supports are most commonly applied to agriculture.......
35. Spot Price The price of a commodity in the Spot Market (read this and related legal terms for further details), i.e., the price quoted for immediate sale and delivery. ......
36. Withdrawal Price A floor price at which European Economic Community producers of certain food products may withhold their goods from the market. The withdrawal price is generally below the base price (i.e., the target price set for a given commodity) and the purchase price at which EEC governments will intervene in ......
37. American Selling Price A method formerly employed in the United States to establish the value for duty of a limited number of imported products. Under the ASP scheme, an imported product's value for duty was based upon the selling price of like products manufactured in the United States, irrespective of the price the ......
38. Commodity Price Index An index of prices for a stipulated list of commodities. Prices may be on a spot or futures basis. Customarily, major commodities are traded on exchanges (although there are some exceptions), and price fluctuations can be monitored accordingly. The U.S. Department of Labor maintains an index of twen......
39. Consumer Price Index Summary of Consumer Price Index An index of the retail price of four hundred consumer products and services, computed monthly by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Formerly known as the Cost of Living Index, the compilation includes retail price inputs of given items from many cities across [...]...
40. Equilibrium Relative Price Of Currencies Synonymous with rate of exchange, i.e., the price, in terms of one national currency, at which another currency can be purchased under market conditions.......
41. Foreign Market Price For purposes of customs valuation comparisons, generally the price of like merchandise sold for consumption in the country of origin.......
42. International Price Index A price index that serves as a standard to measure inflation in industrialized countries. The index consists of the C.I.F. value (in U.S. dollars) of exports of industrial country manufactures to developing countries.......
43. Trigger Price Mechanism A program of import surveillance instituted by the U.S. government in 1977. Under this scheme, a floor price is established for designated import items; this floor is predicated upon the production cost of the most efficient foreign producer, with adjustments for freight and currency [...]...
44. Uniform Delivered Price A single delivered price that is offered to all customers within a defined geographic area, irrespective of the actual cost of delivering the merchandise.......
45. First World Summary of First World A general reference to the industrialized nations of the West, primarily the members of the Organization For Economic Cooperation And Development (read this and related legal terms for further details), but often including other prosperous nations as well. See Second [...]...
46. Second World Summary of Second World A general reference to those countries having centrally planned economies. See First World, Third World.(Main Author: William J. Miller) Embracing mainstream international law, this section on second world explores the context, history and effect of the [...]...
47. Third World Summary of Third World That group of less developed and developing nations not included in the political camps of either the Western industrialized states or the communist bloc. Most nations in Latin America, Africa, and Asia fall into this category. The term is commonly applied to nations [...]...
48. Fourth World Summary of Fourth World A general reference to the poorest nations of the world, i.e., those with per capita incomes under three hundred dollars. See FIRST WORLD, SECOND WORLD. Third World.(Main Author: William J. Miller) Embracing mainstream international law, this section on [...]...
49. World Government Introduction to World GovernmentWorld Government, concept of a centralized global political organization and a common rule of law that would create international order and promote peace. Ideas about world government date back to the vision of a universal empire described by the Italian writ......
50. World War II Trials War Crimes Trials Other World War II TrialsIntroduction to World War II TrialsAnother war crimes trial was held under international authority in Tokyo. The International Military Tribunal for the Far East was constituted under the authority of a charter promulgated on January 19, 1......
51. World Bank World Bank and the World Bank Group Further Reading A concise encyclopedia of the United Nations (including World Bank , H Volger, KA Annan -2010) The Oxford Handbook on the United Nations (TG Weiss - 2007) International Law: A Dictionary (including World Bank , Boczek, Boleslaw Adam -2005) [...]...
52. World Conferences World Conferences and the United NationsFurther ReadingA concise encyclopedia of the United Nations (including World Conferences , H Volger, KA Annan -2010) The Oxford Handbook on the United Nations (TG Weiss - 2007) International Law: A Dictionary (including World Conferences , Boczek, [...]...
53. World Reports World Reports and the United NationsFurther ReadingA concise encyclopedia of the United Nations (including World Reports , H Volger, KA Annan -2010) The Oxford Handbook on the United Nations (TG Weiss - 2007) International Law: A Dictionary (including World Reports , Boczek, Boleslaw Adam -2005) ...
54. World Trade Contents World Trade World Trade Law Resources The World Trade Organization (WTO) first entered into force as the General Agreement ... Read more...
55. World-state The World-state is Not Desirable Lassa Oppenheim, in the book entitled The Future of International Law, about The World-state is Not Desirable, wrote in 1921: 18. Whatever else can be urged against a universal federal state and the like, it is at the present day no longer a physical [...]...
56. World Trade Law World Trade Law Contents of World Trade Law Contents of this subject matter include: Introduction: the basis of world trade – an examination of comparative advantage and asking the question: "why trade at all?" the 'Buy Australia' Campaign, the relationship between [...]...
57. World Court Embracing mainstream international law, this section on world court explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "world court" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law (currently, the [...]...
58. World Environment Day Embracing mainstream international law, this section on world environment day explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "world environment day" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International [...]...
59. World Charter for Nature Contents World Charter for Nature   The General Assembly, Reaffirming the fundamental purposes of the United Nations, in particular the ... Read more...
60. Indicative World Plan A comprehensive investigation of world agricultural production and trade begun in 1946 by the Food and Agricultural Organization. The object of the investigation was to assess (then) current conditions in agriculture, identify future needs and opportunities, and recommend strategies. Significant obj......
61. World Food Program Introduction to World Food ProgramWorld Food Program (WFP), unit of the United Nations, created in 1961 by the General Assembly as a three-year experimental project of the UN and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the UN. In 1965 the assembly voted to extend the program "fo......
62. World Health Organization Public Health Public Health Agencies Introduction to World Health Organization On an international scale, public health is overseen by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO manages international disease prevention and control efforts, and is involved in training medical personnel, educating [...]...
63. World Health Organization History Introduction to World Health Organization HistoryThe idea for a global health agency was proposed in 1945 at the United Nations Conference on International Organization, held in San Francisco, California, to complete a charter for the UN. Following several more gatherings, the UN approved W......
64. World Food Council WFC – World Food Council Further ReadingA concise encyclopedia of the United Nations (including World Food Council , H Volger, KA Annan -2010) The Oxford Handbook on the United Nations (TG Weiss - 2007) International Law: A Dictionary (including World Food Council , Boczek, Boleslaw Adam [...]...
65. World Food Programme WFP – World Food Programme Further Reading A concise encyclopedia of the United Nations (including World Food Programme , H Volger, KA Annan -2010) The Oxford Handbook on the United Nations (TG Weiss - 2007) International Law: A Dictionary (including World Food Programme , Boczek, [...]...
66. World Meteorological Organization WMO – World Meteorological Organization Further Reading A concise encyclopedia of the United Nations (including World Meteorological Organization , H Volger, KA Annan -2010) The Oxford Handbook on the United Nations (TG Weiss - 2007) International Law: A Dictionary (including World [...]...
67. World Customs Organization World Customs Organization World Customs Organization...
68. World Bank Group World Bank Group in International Trade Meaning of World Bank Group, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The World Bank Group is a specialized United Nations agency dedicated to improving living standards in developing countries through facilitation and [...]...
69. World Economic Forum World Economic Forum in International Trade Meaning of World Economic Forum, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): International institution established in 1971 in Geneva, Switzerland, committed to improving the state of the world through public-private [...]...
70. World Wide Fund for Nature World Wide Fund For Nature (wwf) (in the Human Development Area) In this context, World Wide Fund For Nature (wwf) means: is an international non-governmental organization working on issues regarding the conservation, research and restoration of the environment. It is the world's largest [...]...
71. World Trade Organization Functions World Trade Organization In relation to the international law practice and world trade organization in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Trade, Commercial Relations, Investment, and Transportation About this subject:WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement [...]...
72. World Health Organization and Egypt Interpretation of the Agreement of 25 March 1951 Between the World Health Organization and Egypt Embracing mainstream international law, this section on interpretation of the agreement of 25 march 1951 between the who and egypt explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law [...]...
73. World Tourism Organization Embracing mainstream international law, this section on world tourism organization explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Embracing mainstream international law, this section on world tourism organization explores the context, history and effect of the [...]...
74. World Court Reports Embracing mainstream international law, this section on world court reports explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "world court reports" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law [...]...
75. World Heritage Convention Embracing mainstream international law, this section on world heritage convention explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "world heritage convention" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of [...]...
76. World Heritage List Embracing mainstream international law, this section on world heritage list explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "world heritage list" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law [...]...
77. World Trade Organisation World Trade Organisation (wto) and Europe There is an entry on world trade organisation (wto) in the European legal encyclopedia. World Trade Organisation and the European Union Resources See Also WTO Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "World Trade Organisation (wto)" in the [...]...
78. World Council of Churches Resources See Also International Organization Foreign Relations Intergovernmental Organization Regional Organization Regional Integration...
79. World Intellectual Property Organization: Copyright Treaty Contents World Intellectual Property Organization: Copyright Treaty   Article 1 Relation to the Berne Convention (1) This Treaty is a ... Read more...
80. World Federation Of United Nations Associations WFUNA – World Federation of United Nations Associations Further ReadingA concise encyclopedia of the United Nations (including World Federation of United Nations Associations , H Volger, KA Annan -2010) The Oxford Handbook on the United Nations (TG Weiss - 2007) International Law: A [...]...
81. Adjusted Cif Price A factor in determining the variable import levy imposed by the European Economic Community on grain imports. The adjusted C.I.F. (cost, insurance, and freight) price is derived by assigning a quality factor to grain imported from non-EEC countries so as to put the import on a quality basis comparab......
82. Base Price As used in conjunction with the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Economic Community, a trigger price for specific commodities at which member states will intervene to support the market price of a commodity. Member states may respond to a decline in market prices below the base price by la......
83. Entry Price Under the common agriculture POLICY (read this and related legal terms for further details) of the European Economic Community, the price at which certain imported agricultural products enter EEC commerce. If the entry p......
84. Exercise Price The price at which the holder of an option contract may buy or sell a specified quantity of a given commodity, security, or currency.......
85. Gate Price The minimum price at which pork, poultry, and eggs werw permitted to enter the European Economic Community under the common AGRICULTURAL POLICY (read this and related legal terms for further details) without imposition o......
86. Guide Price As used in conjunction with the European Economic Community's Common Agricultural Policy on cattle and calves, it is synonymous with Orientation Price (read this and related legal terms for further details).......
87. Indicative Price Also known as the norm price, the Target Price (read this and related legal terms for further details) for producers of olive oil under the common agricultural policy (...
88. Intervention Price The price at which the European Economic Community, in accordance with the Common Agricultural Policy (read this and related legal terms for further details), will intervene in the market to buy excess agricultural produ......
89. Normal Price Within the scope of the Brussels Definition Of Value (read this and related legal terms for further details), the value basis upon which ad valorem duties will be assessed on imports. The normal price is the price the go......
90. Orientation Price As used in conjunction with the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Economic Community it is the target price (read this and related legal terms for further details) for cattle and calves, i.e., the equilibrium pr......
91. Purchase Price Defined in 19 U.S.C. 162 as the price at which imported merchandise has been purchased, or will be purchased, prior to exportation. It is usually based on the ex factory price excluding any export duties levied in the country of manufacture. Within the framework of the European Economic Community......
92. Standard Price The target price (read this and related legal terms for further details) for tobacco under the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Economic Community.......
93. Target Price An important concept within the common agricultural policy (read this and related legal terms for further details) of the European Economic Community. It represents an optimum wholesale price within the community for a g......
94. Threshold Price A minimum import price for commodities established under the common Agricultural Policy (read this and related legal terms for further details) of the European Economic Community, set so as not to hamper sales of EEC pro......
95. Wholesale Price Resources See Also Price Policy Price Control Pricing Strategy Dumping...
96. Minimum Import Price As used in conjunction with the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Economic Community, Gate price (read this and related legal terms for further details).......
97. Resale Price Method Synonymous with Arm's Length Price (read this and related legal terms for further details).......
98. Islamic World Contents Islamic World At the peak of its power (the “peak” of the Islamic empire is usually considered to be ... Read more...
99. World Court Digest Contents World Court Digest Introduction This Digest, produced by the Max-Planck Institute for Foreign Public Law and International Law, is ... Read more...
100. World Countries Vocabulary World Countries Vocabulary World Countries and Nationality Vocabulary Afghanistan . Adjective used for Afghanistan (also describes nationality): Afghan . Noun ... Read more...
101. Historical Capitals of the World Contents Historical Capitals of the World List of Historical World Capitals by Continents since 1800 List of Historical World Capitals ... Read more...
102. Digest Of Commercial Laws Of The World, Cyprus Chapter 2 IV. FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT § 11:10 In general Cyprus has a declared policy of encouraging foreign investment which is reflected ... Read more...
103. Price Base Price or Basic Price and International Trade Resources See Also Further Reading Information related to price in the Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law(MPEPIL), Germany, United Kingdom Resources See Also Common Agricultural Policy Gate Price and International Trade Resources [...]...
104. Net Price Net Price in International Trade Meaning of Net Price, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The price paid or payable after all discounts and rebates have been applied....
105. Going Price Resources See Also Fair market value...
106. Reference Price A mechanism of the Common Agricultural policy (read this and related legal terms for further details) of the European Economic Community designed to prevent disruptive import competition for certain vegetables, fruits, f......
107. Price Discrimination Price Discrimination and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Price Discrimination: The practice of charging unequal prices to different buyers of products that are essentially identical, when such [...]...
108. Price Competitiveness Price Competitiveness and International Trade Economy Resources See Also competitiveness...
109. Price Bands Price Bands and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Price Bands: A form of variable levy linked to a system of domestic price controls. Countries such as Chile and Colombia [...]...
110. Price Undertaking Price Undertaking and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Price Undertaking: An agreement by an exporting firm with the government of an " importing country to raise the [...]...
111. Norm Price Norm Price and International Trade Resources See Also Common Agricultural Policy...
112. Price Restrictions In the United States For information about Price restrictions in the context of international trade, click here...
113. Price Differentiation Price Differentiation in International Trade Meaning of Price Differentiation, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Price strategy for international markets that allows each local subsidiary or partner (agent, distributor. etc.) to set a price that is [...]...
114. Price Standardization Price Standardization in International Trade Meaning of Price Standardization, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Price strategy for international markets based on setting a price for the product as it leaves de factory. At its simplest it involves setting [...]...
115. Strike Price Strike Price in International Trade Meaning of Strike Price, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Price at which the option buyer obtains the right to purchase (call option) or sell (put option) the underlying security or currency....
116. Price Policy Related Fields Related topics include: Economic Development Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Social development Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Price Policy Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Price Control Find this subject in this World [...]...
117. Current Price Resources See Also Current market value Fair market value...
118. Call Price Resources See Also Redemption...
119. Agricultural Price Resources See Also Farming Farm Bill Agricultural Law Agriculture Reform Agriculture...
120. Administered Price Resources See Also Price Policy Price Control Pricing Strategy Dumping...