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1. International law index V Contents International law index V   Van Gend & Loos Case Velásquez Rodrà­guez v Honduras Case Venice Commission Verification of ... Read more...
2. Vienna Convention on Consular Relations Cases Vienna Convention on Consular Relations (paraguay v. United States) Case Embracing mainstream international law, this section on vienna convention on consular relations (paraguay v. united states) case explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources [...]...
3. Vienna Convention Treaty: The Vienna Convention Introduction to Vienna Convention Rules of international law governing the conclusion, validity, effects, interpretation, modification, suspension, and termination of treaties were codified in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, adopted in 1969......
4. MPEPIL: Public Law: V Contents MPEPIL: Encyclopedia of Public Law: V   Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law (MPEPIL): Articles listed alphabetically View ... Read more...
5. Treaty Reservation Reservation and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Reservation provided by the European Union Commission: A reservation is a declaration made by a state by which it purports to exclude or alter the legal effect of certain provisions of the treaty in their application to that [...]...
6. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations 5 Contents Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations   SECTION 3. ENTRY INTO FORCE AND ... Read more...
7. Virtual Reality Cost Effective 3d Stereo Visualization for Creative Learning – Virtual Reality in Education, the Law and other Social Sciences Using a pedagogic case study of development of three dimensional (3D) stereo visualization suite, in this chapter, the authors exemplify the emerging paradigm shift of [...]...
8. Virtual Worlds Creating Active Learning Spaces in Virtual Worlds, the Law and other Social Sciences Virtual reality can advance educational practices, as creating active learning spaces in virtual worlds offers a more natural way to promote interdisciplinary studies that integrate play to engage students [...]...
9. Virtual Agents Facilitating Interaction Between Virtual Agents Through Negotiation Over Ontological Representation., the Law and other Social Sciences Fluent, effortless and diverse e-business transactions depend on the ability of automated agents to interact. The difficulties of tailoring representation and [...]...
10. Virtual Adoption Description of Virtual Adoption In this reference work, virtual adoption is a sort of the Family law category. Resources See Also Adoption By Estoppel Family law...
11. Virtual Workplace Resources See Also Working Condition Working Time Occupational Health Work Environment Labor Law Legal Working Age...
12. Provisional Application and Provisional Entry into Force of Treaties Contents Provisional Application and Provisional Entry into Force of international Treaties Provisional Application The growing use of provisional application clauses ... Read more...
13. Legal guides Contents Legal guides Admiralty and Maritime Law Guide American Admiralty Bureau: Guides to marine regulations, codes, standards, and literature ASIL ... Read more...
14. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 2 Contents Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties   PART I INTRODUCTION Article 1 Scope of the present Convention The ... Read more...
15. Vienna Convention on Succession of States in Respect of Treaties 6 Contents Vienna Convention on Succession of States in Respect of Treaties   Article 36 Participation in treaties not in force ... Read more...
16. Treaty Definition Legal IssuesTreaty can perhaps be understood in two different senses. In a narrower sense, it refers to an international agreement entered into between states; in a wider sense, it refers to international agreements not only between states, but also between a state and an inter-national org......
17. Diplomatic Relations Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations The 1961 Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations outlines the rules of diplomatic law for the exchange and treatment of envoys between states. It has become an almost universally adopted Convention with 179 states party to it. The Vienna Convention [...]...
18. Act of Formal Confirmation Act of Formal Confirmation and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Act of Formal Confirmation provided by the European Union Commission: "Act of formal confirmation" is used as an equivalent for the term "ratification" when an international organization [...]...
19. Treaty Authentication Authentication and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Authentication provided by the European Union Commission: The term "authentication" refers to the procedure whereby the text of a treaty is established as authentic and definitive. Once a treaty has been [...]...
20. Treaties. Bibliography and links Treaties Bibliography Contents Introduction The most authoritative definition of a treaty can be found in the Vienna Convention on the ... Read more...
21. Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations 3 Contents Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations   SECTION 2. INVALIDITY OF TREATIES Article 46 Provisions of internal law regarding competence ... Read more...
22. Treaty Publication Registration and Publication and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Registration and Publication provided by the European Union Commission: Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations provides that "every treaty and every international agreement entered into by any [...]...
23. Treaty Objection Objection and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Objection provided by the European Union Commission: Any signatory or contracting state has the option of objecting to a reservation, inter alia, if, in its opinion, the reservation is incompatible with the object and purpose of [...]...
24. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations 9 Contents Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations   SECTION 4. PROCEDURE Article 65 Procedure ... Read more...
25. Acceptance Or Approval Acceptance or Approval and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Acceptance or Approval provided by the European Union Commission: The instruments of "acceptance" or "approval" of a treaty have the same legal effect as ratification and consequently express the [...]...
26. Signature Ad Referendum Signature ad referendum and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Signature ad referendum provided by the European Union Commission: A representative may sign a treaty "ad referendum", i.e., under the condition that the signature is confirmed by his state. In this case, [...]...
27. Library Network Resources See Also Publishing Publishing Contract Legal Publisher Academic Publishing...
28. MPEPIL: Diplomacy and consular relations Contents MPEPIL: Diplomacy and consular relations   Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law (MPEPIL) list of articles of this ... Read more...
29. Exchanger Exchanger Contents Exchanger in the E-Commerce Law An exchanger (also sometimes called a virtual currency exchange) is a person/entity engaged ... Read more...
30. Diplomatic Immunity An immunity from local laws and regulations accorded by host states to accredited foreign diplomats. It is recognized in international law that diplomatic officers are the personal representatives of sovereign states and, as such, are themselves inviolable on the same basis as the states they [...]...
31. Treaty Notification Notification and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Notification provided by the European Union Commission: The term "notification" refers to a formality through which a state or an international organization communicates certain facts or events of legal importance. [...]...
32. Definitive Signature Definitive Signature and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Definitive Signature provided by the European Union Commission: When the treaty is not subject to ratification, acceptance or approval, "definitive signature" establishes the consent of the state to be bound [...]...
33. Objection to Reservation Objection to Reservation by Namibia in 2013 United States views on international law [1] in relation to Objection to Reservation by Namibia: On October 17, 2013, the U.S. Mission to the UN sent a diplomatic note to the United Nations, in its capacity as depositary for the International [...]...
34. Virtual Currency Virtual currency is a digital representation of value that can be traded on the Internet and functions as: a medium of exchange; a unit of account; and/or a store of value, but does not have legal tender status in any jurisdiction. Virtual currency is distinguished from fiat [...]...
35. Virtual Law Firm Virtual Law Firm Virtual Law Partners by Susan Davis Craig Johnson’s death in October 2009 sent shock waves through the ... Read more...
36. Treaty Amendment Amendment and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Amendment provided by the European Union Commission: The term "amendment" refers to the formal alteration of treaty provisions affecting all the parties to the particular agreement. Such alterations must be effected with [...]...
37. Modification Modification and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Modification provided by the European Union Commission: The term "modification" refers to the variation of certain treaty provisions only as between particular parties of a treaty, while in their relation to the other [...]...
38. Provisional Application Provisional Application and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Provisional Application provided by the European Union Commission: The growing use of provisional application clauses in treaties is a consequence of the need felt to give effect to treaty obligations prior to a [...]...
39. Treaty Adoption Adoption and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Adoption provided by the European Union Commission: "Adoption" is the formal act by which the form and content of a proposed treaty text are established. As a general rule, the adoption of the text of a treaty takes place [...]...
40. Convertible virtual currency Contents Convertible (or open) virtual currency Convertible (or open) virtual currency may be either centralized or decentralized. Convertible virtual currency ... Read more...
41. Closed Virtual Currency Contents Closed Virtual Currency Closed Virtual Currency in the E-Commerce Law Non-convertible (or closed) virtual currency is specific toa particular ... Read more...
42. Collaborative Virtual Environments Creative Collaborative Virtual Environments, the Law and other Social Sciences The authors propose to define Creative Collaborative Virtual Environments (CCVEs), as platforms for collaborative and distributed creation in online communities. This will be established by examining virtual worlds [...]...
43. MPEPIL: Specific treaties and instruments Contents MPEPIL: Specific Treaties and instruments   Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law (MPEPIL) list of articles of this ... Read more...
44. Exchange of Notes Exchange of Letters/Notes and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Exchange of Letters/Notes provided by the European Union Commission: States may express their consent to be bound by an "exchange of letters/notes". The basic characteristic of this procedure is that the [...]...
45. Law library Law library or Law Libraries A law library is a type of special library with a collection consisting primarily of materials for Legal Research and study, including case law, federal and state statutes, international legal agreements, treatises, reference works, legal periodicals, and [...]...
46. Library Interlibrary Loan in Law Libraries The follow definition of Interlibrary Loan is of use in law library research: Some Law School faculty may obtain materials not owned by the Law School through this free service. The Reference Librarian will assist in this procedure. Resources See Also [...]...
47. Correction of Errors Correction of Errors and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Correction of Errors provided by the European Union Commission: If, after the authentication of a text, the signatory and contracting states are agreed that it contains an error, it can be corrected by initialling the [...]...
48. Vienna Convention on Consular Relations 3 Contents Vienna Convention on Consular Relations   Article 1 DEFINITIONS 1. For the purposes of the present Convention, the following ... Read more...
49. Court library Contents Courts libraries or Court library In the law world, a Court library is a Law library located in a ... Read more...
50. International Court of Justice Part 25 Contents International Court of Justice Part 25   421 THE LAGRAND DECISION: THE EVOLVING LEGAL LANDSCAPE OF THE Vienna Convention ... Read more...
51. 1958 Convention: Road map to article II Contents 1958 Convention: Road map to article II When seised of challenges to the validity of an arbitration agreement for ... Read more...
52. Digital Library Digital Library in Legal Information RetrievalThe following is a basic concept of Digital Library in relation to information retrieval. In addition to this, Digital Library may be applied to legal texts, including case law, legislation and scholarly works. Digital libraries are full-text [...]...
53. Entry Into Force Entry into Force and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Entry into Force provided by the European Union Commission: Typically, the provisions of the treaty determine the date on which the treaty enters into force. Where the treaty does not specify a date, there is a presumption [...]...
54. Library Automation Resources See Also Further Reading Information related to library automation in the Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law(MPEPIL), Germany, United Kingdom...
55. Electronic Library Resources See Also Library Law Library Legal Deposit Public Law Library Information Science Research Investigation Legal Research Study...
56. Library Science Resources See Also Library Law Library Legal Deposit Public Law Library Information Science Research Investigation Legal Research Study...
57. Library Clerk Resources See Also Worker Employee Benefits Employ Employment White Collar Worker Blue Collar Worker Labor Right Employee...
58. Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer 2 Contents Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer   Article 4 Co-operation in the Legal, Scientific and Technical ... Read more...
59. Web-based Law Library Catalogs Contents Web-based Law Library Catalogs United States Libraries Arthur W. Diamond Law Library, Columbia Law School (New York, NY) Biddle ... Read more...
60. Law Library and Librarian Blogs Contents Law library and Librarian Blogs BarclayBlog beSpacific Blogs @ Widener Law library (Delaware) Blogs @ Widener Law Library (Harrisburg) ... Read more...
61. HeinOnline's Law Journal Library Contents HeinOnline’s Law Journal Library Overview HeinOnline’s Law Journal Library is a legal online database. It contains more than 23 ... Read more...
62. Article Article in Law Libraries The follow definition of Article is of use in law library research: A composition on a subject, usually found in journals, magazines, encyclopedias. Resources See Also Articles...
63. International Convention Convention and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Convention provided by the European Union Commission: The term "convention" again can have both a generic and a specific meaning. (a) Convention as a generic term: Art.38 (1) (a) of the Statute of the International [...]...
64. Computer Information Library Computer Information Library Clusters, the Law and other Social Sciences Based on creating generalized and hybrid set and library with neutrosophy and quad-stage method, this subject presents the concept of "computer information library clusters" (CILC). There are various ways and [...]...
65. International making law in descentralized systems Contents International making law in descentralized systems Statute of the International Court of Justice Vienna Convention on the Law of ... Read more...
66. Treaty Research Contents Treaty Research Multilateral conventions by subject: Atmosphere and Space conventions Flora and Fauna – Biodiversity conventions Cultural Protection conventions ... Read more...
67. Library of Congress Classification Class K Library of Congress Classification Class K System Many large law libraries from the United States, Canada (specially the major libraries, ... Read more...
68. Comparison of Library of Congress and Dewey classifications Contents Library of Congress vs. Dewey classifications about Law This is a comparison chart showing how the Dewey Decimal and ... Read more...
69. International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions Resources See Also International Organization Foreign Relations Intergovernmental Organization Regional Organization Regional Integration...
70. Key topics in the U.S. constitution with the word "United States" Contents List of Key topics in the United States constitution with the word “United States”in the topic This list includes ... Read more...
71. Berne Convention Definition of Berne Convention In accordance with the work A Dictionary of Law, this is a description of Berne Convention : The Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works: an international convention of September 1886 that sets out ground rules for protection of [...]...
72. Abstract Abstract in Law Libraries The follow definition of Abstract is of use in law library research: A brief summary of a book or article, accompanied by the bibliographic description (including author, title, publication information) of the work. Description of Abstract In this reference work, [...]...
73. International Court of Justice tags Contents Related Tags about International Court of Justice Related Topics about International Court of Justice ”Nicaragua” case – Abdulqawi Ahmed ... Read more...
74. International Human Rights – Humanitarianism resources Contents International Human Rights / Humanitarianism resources Bayefsky.com Database on the United Nations Human Rights Treaty System from York University. ... Read more...
75. Unidroit Convention on International Financial Leasing 3 Contents Unidroit Convention on International Financial Leasing   Article 17 This Convention does not prevail over any treaty which has ... Read more...
76. Treaty Ratification Treaty Conclusion and Ratification Introduction to Treaty Ratification International law prescribes neither a fixed form for a treaty nor any fixed procedure for its conclusion. It may be concluded by an exchange of diplomatic notes incorporating an agreed-upon text signed by authorized [...]...
77. Philippines Legal Materials The Supreme Court of the Philippines posts recent Opinions (2005 to present),Resolutions (1999 to 2008), Court Rules and Circulars & Orders (1994 to 2008). Supreme Court opinions back to 1901 are available free on the Chan Robles Virtual [...]...
78. Canadian Court Set-aside Proceedings United States Statement in Canadian Court Set-aside Proceedings: Cargill v United Mexican States in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On January 31, 2011, the United States submitted a brief as [...]...
79. Consular Privileges Diplomatic and Consular Privileges and Immunities in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On February 24, 2011, the United States filed a statement of interest in the U.S. District Court for the Central [...]...
80. 1958 Convention: Relationship with domestic law and other treaties (Article VII) Contents 1958 Convention: Relationship with domestic law and other Treaties (Article VII)   Article VII(1) of the New York Convention ... Read more...
81. Hein’s ScholarCheck Contents Hein’s ScholarCheck Overview Hein’s ScholarCheck is a series of tools and features integrated throughout various HeinOnline libraries that allow ... Read more...
82. Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer Contents Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer   Article 1 Definitions For the purposes of this Convention: ... Read more...
83. Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer 4 Contents Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer   Article 11 Settlement of Disputes 1. In the event ... Read more...
84. VISHIPCO LINE AND OTHERS v. THE CHASE MANHATTAN BANK Contents VISHIPCO LINE, HA NAM CONG TY, DAI NAM HANG HAI C.T., RANG DONG HANG HAI C.T., MEKONG SHIP CO. ... Read more...
85. VISHIPCO LINE AND OTHERS v. THE CHASE MANHATTAN BANK 2 DISCUSSION Chase here first contends that plaintiffs’ claims were dismissible for failure to prove that under Vietnamese law they were ... Read more...
86. Viena Convention on Consular Relations Contents Viena Convention on Consular Relations The Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations of 1961 is an international treaty that defines ... Read more...
87. Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations     Article I For the purpose of the present Convention, the following expressions shall have the meanings hereunder assigned to them: (a) the "head of the mission"is the person charged by the sending State with the duty of acting in that capacity; (b) the [...]...
88. Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations 4 Contents Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations   Article 22 1. The premises of the mission shall be inviolable. The agents ... Read more...
89. Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations 5 Contents Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations   Article 36 1. The receiving State shall, in accordance with such laws and ... Read more...
90. Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations 6 Contents Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations   Article 45 If diplomatic relations are broken off between two States, or if ... Read more...
91. Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations 7 Contents Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations   Article VI 1. The present Protocol shall enter into force on the same ... Read more...
92. Vienna Convention on Consular Relations   Article 12 THE EXEQUATUR 1. The head of a consular post is admitted to the exercise of his functions by an authorization from the receiving State termed an exequatur, whatever the form of this authorization. 2. A State which refuses to grant an exequatur is not obliged to give to the [...]...
93. Vienna Convention on Consular Relations 2 Contents Vienna Convention on Consular Relations   CHAPTER II FACILITIES, PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES RELATING TO CONSULAR POSTS, CAREER CONSULAR OFFICERS ... Read more...
94. Vienna Convention on Consular Relations 4 Contents Vienna Convention on Consular Relations   Article 39 CONSULAR FEES AND CHARGES 1. The consular post may levy in ... Read more...
95. Vienna Convention on Consular Relations 5 Contents Vienna Convention on Consular Relations   Article 51 ESTATE OF A MEMBER OF THE CONSULAR POST OR OF A ... Read more...
96. Vienna Convention on Consular Relations 6 Contents Vienna Convention on Consular Relations   Article 61 INVIOLABILITY OF CONSULAR ARCHIVES AND DOCUMENTS The consular archives and documents ... Read more...
97. Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations 8 Contents Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations   Part I INTRODUCTION Article 1 Scope of the present Convention The present Convention ... Read more...
98. Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations 9 Contents Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations   SECTION 2. APPLICATION OF TREATIES Article 28 Non-retroactivity of treaties Unless a different ... Read more...
99. Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations 10 Contents Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations   PART IV AMENDMENT AND MODIFICATION OF TREATIES Article 39 General rule regarding the ... Read more...
100. Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations 2 Contents Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations   SECTION 4. PROCEDURE Article 65 Procedure to be followed with respect to invalidity, ... Read more...
101. Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations 11 Contents Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations   PART VII DEPOSITARIES, NOTIFICATIONS, CORRECTIONS AND REGISTRATION Article 76 Depositaries of treaties 1. ... Read more...
102. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 3 Contents Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties   SECTION 2. RESERVATIONS Article 19 Formulation of reservations A State may, ... Read more...
103. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations Contents Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations     PART I INTRODUCTION Article 1 ... Read more...
104. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations 3 Contents Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations   PART II CONCLUSION AND ENTRY INTO ... Read more...
105. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations 10 Contents Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations   SECTION 5. CONSEQUENCES OF THE INVALIDITY ... Read more...
106. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations 2 Contents Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations   PART VII DEPOSITARIES, NOTIFICATIONS, CORRECTIONS AND ... Read more...
107. Vienna Convention on Succession of States in Respect of Treaties Contents Vienna Convention on Succession of States in Respect of Treaties   PART I GENERAL PROVISIONS Article 1 Scope of ... Read more...
108. Vienna Convention on Succession of States in Respect of Treaties 4 Contents Vienna Convention on Succession of States in Respect of Treaties   SECTION 3. BILATERAL TREATIES Article 24 Conditions under ... Read more...
109. Vienna Convention on Succession of States in Respect of Treaties 5 Contents Vienna Convention on Succession of States in Respect of Treaties   PART IV UNITING AND SEPARATION OF STATES Article ... Read more...
110. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties See also: vienna convention on diplomatic relations vienna convention on the law of treaties citation statute of the international court of justice international covenant on civil and political rights vienna convention on consular relations vienna convention on the law of treaties summary un [...]...
111. Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer 3 Contents Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer   Article 7 Secretariat 1. The functions of the secretariat ... Read more...
112. Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer 5 Contents Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer   Article 19 Withdrawal 1. At any time after four ... Read more...
113. Vienna Convention on Consular Relations 7 Contents Vienna Convention on Consular Relations   Article 77 ENTRY INTO FORCE 1. The present Convention shall enter into force ... Read more...
114. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 4 Contents Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties   PART III OBSERVANCE, APPLICATION AND INTERPRETATION OF TREATIES SECTION 1. OBSERVANCE ... Read more...
115. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 5 Contents Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties   SECTION 4. TREATIES AND THIRD STATES Article 34 General rule regarding ... Read more...
116. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 7 Contents Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties   SECTION 2. INVALIDITY OF TREATIES Article 46 Provisions of internal law ... Read more...
117. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 6 Contents Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties   SECTION 4. PROCEDURE Article 65 Procedure to be followed with respect ... Read more...
118. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties Contents Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties   PART VI MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS Article 73 Cases of State succession, State ... Read more...
119. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations 4 Contents Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations   SECTION 2. RESERVATIONS Article 19 Formulation ... Read more...
120. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations 6 Contents Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations   SECTION 3. INTERPRETATION OF TREATIES Article ... Read more...