Literature Review on Information Technology: State Government Use and Management In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Paul M. Chalekian offers the following summary about the topic of Information Technology: State Government Use and Management: The effective […]
Hierarchical Display of Nuclear war International Relations > International security > International conflict > War
Energy > Electrical and nuclear industries > Nuclear industry > Nuclear technology
International Relations > Defence > Military equipment > Weapon of mass destruction > […]
A Shot across the Frontier: International Incident In the book "International Incidents for Discussion in Conversation Classes", in relation to this subject, L. Oppenheim wrote in 1909: On Sept. 26th, 1887, a German soldier, on sentry duty at the frontier near Vexaincourt, fired a […]
Hierarchical Display of First World War International Relations > International security > International conflict > War
Concept of First World War See the dictionary definition of First World War. Characteristics of First World War [rtbs name=”xxx-xxx”] Resources Translation of First World […]
Hierarchical Display of Computer system Education And Communications > Information technology and data processing
Production, Technology And Research > Research and intellectual property > Research > Research method > Simulation
International Relations > International security > […]
Hierarchical Display of Nuclear technology Energy > Electrical and nuclear industries > Nuclear industry
Energy > Energy policy > Energy policy > Energy law > Nuclear law
International Organisations > European organisations > European organisation > CERN
Production, Technology And […]
Embracing mainstream international law, this section on ethnic cleansing explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "ethnic cleansing" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law […]
Hierarchical Display of Asymmetric warfare International Relations > International security > International conflict > War
Politics > Politics and public safety > Public safety > Political violence > Terrorism Asymmetric warfare Concept of Asymmetric warfare See the dictionary definition of […]
Neutrality Definition Neutrality may be defined, in international law, as a legal status of a state that adheres to a policy of nonengagement during war. See more about the definition of neutrality here. Introduction The rules covering wartime relations between a neutral and a […]
What is Terrorism? Government Definitions of Terrorism Introduction to Terrorism Legal statutes in most countries around the world regard terrorism as a crime. Yet there is considerable variation in how these laws define terrorism, even in countries whose laws derive from a common origin. […]
Hierarchical Display of Border war International Relations > International security > International conflict > War
Law > International law > Public international law > Territorial law > Frontier Border war Concept of Border war See the dictionary definition of Border war. Characteristics of […]
Hierarchical Display of War of independence International Relations > International security > International conflict > War
International Relations > International affairs > National independence War of independence Concept of War of independence See the dictionary definition of War of […]
Introduction to War War, in international law, armed conflict between two or more governments or states. When such conflicts assume global proportions, they are known as world wars. War between different parts or factions of the same nation is called civil war. A rebellion is not legally […]
Traditionally, a chemical weapon (CW) is thought of as a toxic chemical loaded into a delivery system such as a munition (i.e., a complete device for exposing a population to a substance that can cause death or other injuries through its chemical action). The Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) […]
International Law: Matters of International Concern: Peace and Security Introduction to Peace Among the central aims of the UN are the maintenance of peace and security and the suppression of acts of aggression. The principles of the UN Charter prohibit the use of force to settle disputes and […]
Resources See Also Publishing Publishing Contract Legal Publisher Academic Publishing
Hierarchical Display of Concentration camp Politics > Politics and public safety > Public safety > Political violence
Law > Rights and freedoms > Rights of the individual > Slavery
International Relations > International security > War victim
Law > Rights and freedoms > Human rights > […]
Literature Review on Information Warfare In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Alan Chong offers the following summary about the topic of Information Warfare: Information warfare is a systematic attempt to penetrate the enemy's secrecy and to displace his […]
Hierarchical Display of Second World War International Relations > International security > International conflict > War
Concept of Second World War See the dictionary definition of Second World War. Characteristics of Second World War [rtbs name=”xxx-xxx”] Resources Translation of Second […]
The Case of the Trent: International Incident In the book "International Incidents for Discussion in Conversation Classes", in relation to this subject, L. Oppenheim wrote in 1909: On Nov. 8th, 1861, during the American Civil War, the Federal cruiser San Jacinto stopped the British […]
Hierarchical Display of National independence International Relations > International affairs
Politics > Politics and public safety > Trends of opinion > Autonomous movement
Law > International law > Public international law > National sovereignty
International Relations > […]
Nuclear Nonproliferation In relation to the international law practice and nuclear nonproliferation in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Arms Control, Disarmament, and Nonproliferation About this subject:
Note: there is detailed […]
Public Opinion and the United Nations Further Reading A concise encyclopedia of the United Nations (including Public Opinion, H Volger, KA Annan -2010) The Oxford Handbook on the United Nations (TG Weiss – 2007) International Law: A Dictionary (including Public Opinion, Boczek, Boleslaw Adam […]
International Data Collection Data Collection: International Conflict Data Collection Procedures in International Conflict Datasets Differences in definitions of conflicts used … Read more
Declaration of Paris, a statement of principles of international law adopted at the conclusion (16th of April 1856) of the negotiations for the treaty of Paris at the suggestion of Count Walewski, the French plenipotentiary. The declaration set out that maritime law in time of war had long […]
War Crimes Trials Rwanda Tribunal Introduction to Rwanda Tribunal In November 1994 the Security Council of the United Nations adopted Resolution 955 creating the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda. The tribunal was authorized to prosecute individuals responsible for genocide and other […]
Customary International Humanitarian Law Sources of international humanitarian law The sources are: International Humanitarian Law treaties. International Humanitarian Law is … Read more
Concept of Conflict An introductory definition of Conflict is provided here: perceived rival and incompatible claims over some desired "good" Resources See Also Foregin Policy Foreign Affairs Resources See Also War War War Peace Preservation Breach of the Peace War Crimes Peace
Embracing mainstream international law, this section on armed conflict explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict In relation to the international law practice and Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict in this […]
Description of Alien Enemy Resources See Also War National Emergency
Insurrection as an U.S. State Statute Topic This term is one of the topics in some U.S. State Statutes. Other topics of the World Encyclopedia of Law which are topics of some State Statures are: Licensed Public Accountants (Topic) Guardians Ad Litem (Topic) Biological Warfare […]
Summary of Blocked Account
Currency held in a bank account in an exchange control country by nonresidents. Such currency cannot be transferred out of the country in which it is held without permission from the government
(Main Author: William J. Miller)
Description of Blocked […]
Summary of Aggression
Unlawful acts on the part of a state or group of states directed at coercing another state or undermining its sovereignty. Aggression cannot be defined precisely in legal terms suitable for universal use; however, aggressive behavior is defined in some international […]
Description of Act of Hostility Resources See Also War National Emergency
Peacebuilding in the Context of Peacemaking Definition of Peacebuilding published by the United Nations: Initiatives that foster and support sustainable structures and processes which strengthen the prospects for peaceful coexistence and decrease the likelihood of the outbreak, reoccurrence or […]
Encyclopedia of Violence, Peace and Conflict Contents by Subject Area Anthropological Studies Aggression and Altruism Anthropology of Violence and Conflict, … Read more
War Crimes Trials, trials of persons charged with criminal violation of the laws and customs of war and related principles of international law.
The first war crimes trials in modern times were held after World War II (1939-1945) by the victorious All…
The Nürnberg and other war crimes trials were a notable step in the evolution of international penal law. The standing of the trials suffered sharply, however, because the proceedings were carried out under auspices of victorious powers and the …
Another war crimes trial was held under international authority in Tokyo. The International Military Tribunal for the Far East was constituted under the authority of a charter promulgated on January 19, 1…
The United Nations established the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) in May 1993 to prosecute individuals responsible for war crimes, crimes against …
In 2002 the UN and the Sierra Leone government jointly established a war crimes tribunal, the Special Court for Sierra Leone, to try individuals who had committed atrocities during Sierra Leone's civil …
The judgment of the International Military Tribunal was handed down on September 30-October 1, 1946. Among notable features of the decision was the conclusion, in accordanc…
After the conclusion of the first Nürnberg trial, 12 more trials were held under the authority of Control Council Law No. 10, which closely resembled the London Agreement but…
The most important war crimes trials following World War II were held in Nürnberg, Germany, under the authority of two legal instruments. One, the so-called London Agreement, was signed by representative…
The Oxford International Encyclopedia of Peace Bibliographic Details Title: The Oxford International Encyclopedia of Peace Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA … Read more
Breach Of The Peace Breach Of The Peace as an U.S. State Statute Topic This term is one of the … Read more
Bioterrorism Bioterrorism is the deliberate release of viruses, bacteria or other germs (agents) to cause illness or death in people, … Read more
Biological Warfare Biological Warfare as an U.S. State Statute Topic This term is one of the topics in some U.S. … Read more
Alternatives to Neutrality Introduction The virtually complete breakdown of neutrality that marked the two world wars reflected changes in the … Read more