Related Entries of the International Encyclopedia:

1. European Community European Community (EC) in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of European Community (EC): (Previously known as the European Economic Community, or EEC; the term "European Communities" [...]...
2. Social Dialogue Social dialogue in the International Trade Union Rights Area Definition of Social dialogue provided by ITUC-CSI-IGB: Discussion and co-operation between the social partners on matters of common interest, such as economic and social policy. Involves participation by the state where tripartism [...]...
3. Internal Market Meaning of Internal market Here is a very short concept of internal market in the European Union framework: Another term for the single market; also known as the common market, although that expression has wider connotations. Resources Notas y References See Also...
4. Company Union Company union in the International Trade Union Rights Area Definition of Company union provided by ITUC-CSI-IGB: Can be used to describe either an enterprise union or a yellow union. Resources See Also Trade Unionism Trade Union Chartism Trade Union Legislation Resources Trade Union Topics [...]...
5. Common Financing A feature of the Common Agricultural Policy (read this and related legal terms for further details) of the European Economic Community.......
6. Common Pricing A feature of the COMMON AGRICULTURAL policy (read this and related legal terms for further details) of the European Economic Community.......
7. Shop Steward Shop steward in the International Trade Union Rights Area Definition of Shop steward provided by ITUC-CSI-IGB: A union worker who represents the members of a union in dealings with the employer. Often elected by union members who work in the same establishment. Resources See Also Labor [...]...
8. Works Council Works council in the International Trade Union Rights Area Definition of Works council provided by ITUC-CSI-IGB: 1. A body elected to represent the interests of workers within a workplace through communication and consultation with the employer e.g. concerning working conditions and health and [...]...
9. WEU WEU (Western European Union) and Europe There is an entry on weu (western european union) in the European legal encyclopedia. Common Foreign and Security Policy, NATO and WEU and the European Union WEU and the European Union Resources See Also International Organization Foreign Relations [...]...
10. Social Partners Social partners in the International Trade Union Rights Area Definition of Social partners provided by ITUC-CSI-IGB: Unions and employers or their representative organisations. Social Partners and Europe There is an entry on social partners in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See [...]...
11. Trade Bloc Trade Bloc and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Trade Bloc: A general term referring to regional arrangements among countries that have established formal mechanisms for [...]...
12. Supplementary Levy An additional tax that may be imposed upon imports of pork, poultry, or eggs into the European Economic Community when the purchase price of such items falls below the Gate Price ("https://lawin.org/list-of-international-trade-law-terms/">read this and related legal terms for [...]...
13. Common Market Summary of Common Market A supranational organization of trading nations, created to promote economic collaboration and minimize constraints on the free movement of goods among the member states. Features of a common market include elimination of tariffs on goods moving between member [...]...
14. European Economic Community Summary of European Economic Community One of the three components of the European Communities. In March 1957, the members of the European Coal and Steel Community (France, Federal Republic of Germany, Italy, and the Benelux countries) expanded the sphere of economic cooperation through the [...]...
15. Arab Common Market Arab Common Market Outline The ACM came into existence in 1965, pursuant to an agreement signed in 1964 by the Arab League states. Its initial members included Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Libya, Mauritania, Palestine Liberation Organisation, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, United Arab Emirates, Yeme......
16. Common Customs Tariff Common Customs Tariff and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Common Customs Tariff provided by the European Union Commission: The common foreign and security policy (CFSP) was established and is governed by Title V of the Treaty on European Union (EU). It replaced European [...]...
17. Islamic Common Market Islamic Common Market in International Trade Resources See Also Economic Cooperation Organization....
18. Common Unit of Exchange Concept of Common Unit of Exchange An introductory definition of Common Unit of Exchange is provided here: a currency in which international economic exchanges are valued Resources See Also Foregin Policy Foreign Affairs...
19. Central American Common Market Summary of Central American Common Market A free trade area among the nations of Central America, established in 1960 by a treaty between El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua. The common market began operations in 1961, and Costa Rica joined the group in 1962. Honduras dropped [...]...
20. Caribbean Community and Common Market Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM), organization established in 1973 to promote regional unity and to coordinate economic and foreign policy among Caribbean nations. Member countries include Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, G......
21. Sympathy Strike Sympathy strike in the International Trade Union Rights Area Definition of Sympathy strike provided by ITUC-CSI-IGB: A concerted work stoppage by workers not directly involved in an industrial dispute to express solidarity with the original strikers and exert indirect pressure on these [...]...
22. Caribbean-Canadian Common Market Caribbean-Canadian Common Market (CARIBCAN) and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Caribbean-Canadian Common Market (CARIBCAN): A non-reciprocal preferential [...]...
23. Economic Union Summary of Economic Union Also known as an economic community, an advanced form of economic integration on the part of several states. The economic union incorporates the features of a Common market (read this and related legal terms for further details)—unrestricted free trade among [...]...
24. Market Access Data Base Market Access Data Base in International Trade Meaning of Market Access Data Base, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Database of the European Union with comprehensive information about tariffs in all countries of the world to European products and [...]...
25. Definition of Trade Union Definition of trade union in the International Trade Union Rights Area Definition of Definition of trade union provided by ITUC-CSI-IGB: Resources Trade Union Topics Trade Union Act Trades Union Congress (TUC) Trade Union Density Definition of Trade Union Socialist Coalition Socialist Party [...]...
26. Target Price An important concept within the common agricultural policy (read this and related legal terms for further details) of the European Economic Community. It represents an optimum wholesale price within the community for a g......
27. International Organizations Cross References International Organizations Cross-References International Organizations are Institutions which have membership from several states, and they are usually international in scope. ... Read more...
28. Lockout Lockout in the International Trade Union Rights Area Definition of Lockout provided by ITUC-CSI-IGB: A form of industrial action whereby an employer refuses work to its employees or temporarily shuts down operations. Resources See Also Trade Unionism Trade Union Chartism Trade Union [...]...
29. Socialist Party Socialist party in the International Trade Union Rights Area Definition of Socialist party provided by ITUC-CSI-IGB: Resources Trade Union Topics Trade Union Act Trades Union Congress (TUC) Trade Union Density Definition of Trade Union Socialist Coalition Socialist Party Legislative Power [...]...
30. Caricom Caricom Caricom in International Trade Meaning of Caricom, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The Caribbean Community Market (CARICOM) is an organization of 15 Caribbean nations established in 1973 whose main purposes are to promote economic integration and [...]...
31. Intervention Price The price at which the European Economic Community, in accordance with the Common Agricultural Policy (read this and related legal terms for further details), will intervene in the market to buy excess agricultural produ......
32. Industrial Unión Industrial unión in the International Trade Union Rights Area Definition of Industrial unión provided by ITUC-CSI-IGB: A union whose membership is composed of workers in a particular industry, regardless of their profession or skill level. See company unión Resources [...]...
33. Labor Advisory Committee Labor Advisory Committee (LAC) in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Labor Advisory Committee (LAC): A policy-level committee that forms part of the private sector advisory system established by [...]...
34. Economic Community of Central African States Economic Community of Central African States or Communaute Economique des Etats de I' Afrique Centrale (CEEAC) in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Economic Community of Central African [...]...
35. Community Preference Summary of Community Preference A component principle of the Common Agricultural Policy (read this and related legal terms for further details) of the European Economic Community.(Main Author: William J. Miller) Community Preference and Europe There is an entry on community [...]...
36. Bargaining Unit Bargaining unit in the International Trade Union Rights Area Definition of Bargaining unit provided by ITUC-CSI-IGB: A group of workers within a particular company, establishment, industry or occupation that constitutes an appropriate unit for the purpose of collective bargaining. See [...]...
37. Contracting Out Contracting-out Contracting-out in the International Trade Union Rights Area Definition of Contracting-out provided by ITUC-CSI-IGB: The practice whereby an employer transfers an aspect of its business operation to an external provider. Also called outsourcing. Not to be confused with [...]...
38. Enterprise Union Enterprise union in the International Trade Union Rights Area Definition of Enterprise union provided by ITUC-CSI-IGB: A union whose membership is limited to workers in one particular enterprise. Sometimes called a company union, but should not be confused with a yellow union. Resources Trade [...]...
39. Commodity Market Resources See Also Trade Market White Market Financial Market Trade Law Competition Law...
40. Compensatory Tax A special import levy imposed by the European Economic Community upon certain agricultural imports when the entry price of such products falls below a reference, or minimum target, price and the import is priced so as to reflect an export subsidy. Compensatory taxes are institutionalized in the [...]...
41. Customs Union Summary of Customs Union An arrangement among participating countries whereby tariffs are eliminated or virtually eliminated on products moving between members, and a common external tariff (read this and related legal terms for further details) is adopted to provide uniform treatment to [...]...
42. Treaty of Rome Treaty Of Rome Summary of Treaty Of Rome The document, signed at Rome in 1957 (effective January 1, 1958), by which the six founding states established the European Economic Community (read this and related legal terms for further details). (Main Author: William J. Miller) The Treaty of [...]...
43. Work-to-rule Work-to-rule Work-to-rule in the International Trade Union Rights Area Definition of Work-to-rule provided by ITUC-CSI-IGB: A form of industrial action whereby the workers strictly adhere to all laws, rules and principles that apply to their work, effecting a slowdown. Resources See Also [...]...
44. Arab Mahgreb Union Arab Mahgreb Union (AMU) in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Arab Mahgreb Union (AMU): A moribund common market including Algeria, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, and Tunisia. founded in 1989. [...]...
45. European Company European Company and Europe There is an entry on european company in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "European Company" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", by Rodney Leach (Profile [...]...
46. Andean Common Market Considered in Andean Group.......
47. European Common Market European Common MarketCross-reference: European Economic Community and European Union.......
48. Restitutions Export and producer subsidies granted by the European Economic Community to EEC farmers and processors. The subsidies are a feature of the Common Agricultural Policy (read this and related legal terms for further details......
49. Bargaining Agent Bargaining agent in the International Trade Union Rights Area Definition of Bargaining agent provided by ITUC-CSI-IGB: A workers' representative authorised to bargain collectively on behalf of workers in a bargaining unit. See collective bargaining Description of Bargaining Agent Resources [...]...
50. Trade Union Act Trade union act in the International Trade Union Rights Area Definition of Trade union act provided by ITUC-CSI-IGB: Resources Trade Union Topics Trade Union Act Trades Union Congress (TUC) Trade Union Density Definition of Trade Union Socialist Coalition Socialist Party Legislative Power [...]...
51. European Economic Area European Economic Area and the Treaties of the European Union Description of European Economic Area provided by the European Union Commission: Agreement Between the Community, and three Member States of the European Free Trade Area (EFTA)(not Switzerland) entered into force on 1 January 2004 [...]...
52. External Responsibilities External responsibilities of the European Community and the Treaties of the European Union Description of External responsibilities of the European Community provided by the European Union Commission: The European Community's external responsibilities are defined in accordance with whether [...]...
53. Social Dumping Social Dumping and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Social Dumping: An unfair trade practice whereby an exporter achieves a cost advantage over its rivals in foreign markets [...]...
54. Strike Strike in the International Trade Union Rights Area Definition of Strike provided by ITUC-CSI-IGB: The most common form of industrial action, a strike is a concerted stoppage of work by employees for a limited period of time. Can assume a wide variety of forms. See general strike, intermittent [...]...
55. Downsizing Downsizing in the International Trade Union Rights Area Definition of Downsizing provided by ITUC-CSI-IGB: Reduction of a company's workforce generally in an attempt to cut costs and improve efficiency. Resources Trade Union Topics Trade Union Act Trades Union Congress (TUC) Trade Union [...]...
56. Independent Union Independent unión in the International Trade Union Rights Area Definition of Independent unión provided by ITUC-CSI-IGB: A trade union that is not affiliated to a national union. Can also be a union that is not dominated by an employer. See yellow unión Resources Trade [...]...
57. Sick-out Sick-out in the International Trade Union Rights Area Definition of Sick-out provided by ITUC-CSI-IGB: A form of industrial action in which large numbers of workers absent themselves from work, claiming they are sick. Resources Trade Union Topics Trade Union Act Trades Union Congress (TUC) [...]...
58. Sit-down Strike Sit-down strike in the International Trade Union Rights Area Definition of Sit-down strike provided by ITUC-CSI-IGB: A form of industrial action whereby workers occupy their workplace but do not carry out any work. See strike Resources Trade Union Topics Trade Union Act Trades Union Congress [...]...
59. Common Resources See Also Tenant (Tenant in common) Resources See Also Profit (Profit a prendre) Resources See Also As to common Bail Barretor Carrier Chase Condedit Council Day Debtor Diligence Drunkard Error Fishery Highway Informer Inn Intendment of law Intent Jury Labor Nuisance [...]...
60. Social Concertation Resources See Also Labor Relations Industrial Relations Employment Relationship Trade Unionism Trade Union Labor Union Labor Movement...
61. Social Pact Resources See Also Labor Relations Industrial Relations Employment Relationship Trade Unionism Trade Union Labor Union Labor Movement...
62. Social Partnership Resources See Also Labor Relations Industrial Relations Employment Relationship Trade Unionism Trade Union Labor Union Labor Movement...
63. Financial Market Resources See Also Trade Market White Market Financial Market Trade Law Competition Law...
64. Carribbean Community And Common Market Commonly known as Caricom, the successor organization to the defunct Caribbean Free Trade Association (Carifta). The object of CARICOM was to stimulate regional development through the adoption of a common external tariff and uniform protectionist measures, harmonization of fiscal affairs, and conce......
65. Southern African Customs Union Southern African Customs Union (SACU) in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Southern African Customs Union (SACU): A customs union including Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa, and [...]...
66. Southern African Development Community Southern African Development Community (SADC) in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Southern African Development Community (SADC): A regional cooperation organization including Angola, Botswana, [...]...
67. Southern Bluefin Tuna Case Embracing mainstream international law, this section on southern bluefin tuna case explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "southern bluefin tuna case" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of [...]...
68. Southern Africa Development Community Resources See Also International Organization Foreign Relations Intergovernmental Organization Regional Organization Regional Integration...
69. Southern Africa Resources See Also International Organization Foreign Relations Intergovernmental Organization Regional Organization Regional Integration...
70. Preferential Trade Area for Eastern and Southern Africa Preferential Trade Area for Eastern and Southern Africa (PTA) in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Preferential Trade Area for Eastern and Southern Africa (PTA): A preferential arrangement and [...]...
71. Social Market Economy Social Market Economy and Europe There is an entry on social market economy in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Social Market Economy" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", by Rodney [...]...
72. French Southern and Antarctic Territories Resources See Also Legal System Country Jurisdiction Immigration Consulate...
73. Market Access Summary of Market Access The degree of participation in the domestic market that a nation allows to foreign suppliers. Tariffs, quotas, and similar protective devices are devices imposed to limit market access. (Main Author: William J. Miller) Market Access and National Treatment in the [...]...
74. Market Disruption A condition in which foreign imports of a given product increase in quantity so rapidly as to cause, or threaten to cause, material injury to a competing domestic industry. A finding of market disruption before the International Trade Commission may result in retaliatory actions against the [...]...
75. Spot Market A market for commodities or currency in which the sale results in an immediate or nearly immediate exchange of the goods or instruments for cash, as compared with a futures market, which trades in contracts for the future delivery of the product.......
76. Market Failure Market Imperfections or Market Failure and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Market Imperfections or Market Failure: Often refers to two sources of departure from perfect competition, i.e., [...]...
77. Market Power Market Power and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Market Power: The ability of an individual firm to exert control over prices prevailing in the markets for its products or services. The highest [...]...
78. Market Performance Market Performance and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Market Performance: The principal focus of competition policy, market performance refers to the degree to which a particular industry or [...]...
79. Common Carrier Read Carrier as cross-reference......
80. Common External Tariff Summary of Common External Tariff The uniform customs tariff applied by all the member states of a customs union or common market to imports from nonmember nations.(Main Author: William J. Miller) Common External Tariff and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT [...]...
81. Shared Common Property Spanish Translation of shared common propertyThis is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to shared common property and / or a definition of this topic: Régimen de Participación (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry)....
82. Gray Market Goods In the United States For information about Gray market goods in the context of international trade, click here...
83. Standards for Market Actors This section provides an overview of standards for market actors within the legal context of Financial Regulation in international economic law, with coverage of Monetary and Financial Regulation (Main Regulatory Areas). Resources Further Reading Rashid Bahar, "Standards for Market [...]...
84. Single European Market Resources See Also International Organization Foreign Relations Intergovernmental Organization Regional Organization Regional Integration...
85. South America South America includes Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, the Falkland Islands, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands (SGSSI), Uruguay and Venezuela. You can find legal research guides for most South American Countries on [...]...
86. Market Market Reserve Policies and International Trade Resources See Also Economy Economic System Legal System Capitalism Resources See Also Law of Similars...
87. Market Value Embracing mainstream international law, this section on market value explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "market value" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law (currently, the [...]...
88. At the Market Resources See Also Market order...
89. Common Law Introduction to Common Law "Common Law, term used to refer to the main body of English unwritten law that evolved from the 12th century onward. The name comes from the idea that English medieval law, as administered by the courts of the realm, reflected the "common"customs of [...]...
90. Market-Inalienability Contents Market-Inalienability   Margaret Jane Radin   Things that may be given away but not sold are market-inalienable. In this ... Read more...
91. Black Market Black Market Definition Black Market is the term designating the illicit sale of commodities in violation of government rationing and price-fixing. The term originated in Europe during World War I, when the introduction of rationing in belligerent countries tempted some persons with access [...]...
92. Fair Market Value The value an imported product would fetch, under similar circumstances of sale, were the goods sold in the country of origin. Customs authorities are usually interested in the fair market value of imported merchandise inasmuch as sales below such value may serve as the basis of a Dumping (...
93. Free Market The economic system of a nation in which market forces determine which goods and services are produced, and at what price they are offered. Free market economies do not contain substantial government controls on resource availability, price levels, or central planning of economic objectives.......
94. Single Market Summary of Single Market A component feature of the Common Agricultural policy (read this and related legal terms for further details) of the European Economic Community.(Main Author: William J. Miller) Single Market and Europe There is an entry on single market in the European [...]...
95. Bonds Market Bonds in this SectionBondHow Bonds WorkTypes of BondsIssu......
96. Market Structure Market Structure and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Market Structure: Refers to the structure of an industry or market, as reflected in the number and size distribution of sellers and buyers, [...]...
97. Grey Market Grey Market in International Trade Meaning of Grey Market, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A situation that consists of unauthorized traders buying and selling a company's product in different countries. Companies confronted with a grey situation can [...]...
98. Over-the-counter Market Resources See Also NASD NASDAQ...
99. Actual Market Value Resources See Also Market volume...
100. Cornering the Market Resources See Also Corner...
101. Clear Market Value Resources See Also Fair market value...
102. Current Market Value Resources See Also Fair market value...
103. Agricultural Market Resources See Also Farming Farm Bill Agricultural Law Agriculture Reform Agriculture...
104. Market Economy Resources See Also Economy Economic System Legal System Capitalism...
105. Capital Market Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
106. Labor Market Resources See Also Labor Employment Law International Labor Law Industrial Safety Labour Labor Right Labor Policy...
107. Market Research Resources See Also Price Policy Price Control Pricing Strategy Dumping...
108. Domestic Market Resources See Also Trade Market White Market Financial Market Trade Law Competition Law...
109. International Market Resources See Also Trade Market White Market Financial Market Trade Law Competition Law...
110. Market Planning Resources See Also Trade Market White Market Financial Market Trade Law Competition Law...
111. Market Stabilization Resources See Also Trade Market White Market Financial Market Trade Law Competition Law...
112. Market Study Resources See Also Trade Market White Market Financial Market Trade Law Competition Law...
113. Market Definition Resources See Also Business Law Antitrust Laws...
114. Common Law: Our lady and her Knights Common law : Our lady and her Knights From: Sir Frederick Pollock, The Genius of the Common Law [1912] See ... Read more...
115. Common law. The Giants and the Gods 2 Contents Common law. The Giants and the Gods 2 See Common law. The Giants and the Gods From Sir Frederick ... Read more...
116. The Genius of the Common Law Contents The Genius of the Common law [1912], Sir Frederick Pollock The Genius of the Common law (New York: Columbia ... Read more...
117. A Common Law of International Adjudication Contents A Common law of International Adjudication Chester Brown (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2007, liii + 303 pp) The rise ... Read more...
118. Common legal abbreviations Contents Common legal abbreviations The abbreviations showed here are pluralized by adding the letter “s” inside the period. For abbreviations ... Read more...
119. Common Law Systems Contents Common Law Systems Common law systems can be found in many nations that were former colonies or territories of ... Read more...
120. Common Margins Arrangement A mechanism employed by the European Economic Community to stabilize the values of EEC member currencies relative to one another. See snake.......