Related Entries of the International Encyclopedia:

1. Intemperance Intemperance Intemperance in 1889 The following information about Intemperance is from the Cyclopaedia of Political Science, Political Economy, and the ... Read more...
2. Covenant Introduction to Covenant Covenant menas, in law, a promise, usually under seal, that a certain act shall be performed or shall not be performed, or a solemn declaration under seal that certain facts are true. Covenants are used most often in deeds. An express covenant is an express declaration [...]...
3. European Company European Company and Europe There is an entry on european company in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "European Company" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", by Rodney Leach (Profile [...]...
4. International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights Part 1 Contents International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights Part 1   1 THE UNITED STATES’ FAILURE TO RATIFY THE ... Read more...
5. Human rights : a reference handbook Human rights : a reference handbook Nina Redman and Lucille Whalen Contents Table of contents of this book ch. 1. ... Read more...
6. Civil Liberties The Legal History of Civil Rights and Civil Liberties in United States Law This section provides an overview of Civil Rights and Civil Liberties in United States Law Embracing mainstream international law, this section on civil liberties explores the context, history and effect of the area of [...]...
7. List of International Human Rights Treaties Contents List of International Human Rights Treaties There are nine core international human rights treaties, each established with a committee ... Read more...
8. International human rights law Part 49 Contents International human rights law Part 49   617 Speaking Law to Power: Popular Sovereignty, Human Rights, and the New ... Read more...
9. Human Rights Committee Part 5 Contents Human Rights Committee Part 5   42 The ‘delicate plant’ of free speech needs water: Coleman v Australia John ... Read more...
10. International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights Part 2 Contents International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights Part 2   12 Mental health and human rights: The role ... Read more...
11. Dueling Dueling Dueling in 1889 The following information about Dueling is from the Cyclopaedia of Political Science, Political Economy, and the ... Read more...
12. Human Rights Committee Part 1 Contents Human Rights Committee Part 1   1 Constitutional Review in the Caribbean Avril Anande Trotman-Joseph European Journal of Law ... Read more...
13. Human Rights Committee Part 7 Contents Human Rights Committee Part 7   78 Case Reports of the European Court of Human Rights and the Human ... Read more...
14. Congress Congress in 1889 The following information about Congress is from the Cyclopaedia of Political Science, Political Economy, and the Political History of the United States by the Best American and European Writers. Attention should be here called to the congress of Berlin, held July 13, 1878. [...]...
15. International Bill of Human Rights Definition of International Bill of Human Rights Within the context of international human rights, the following is a brief meaning of international bill of human rights: The combination of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the International Covenant on Civil and Political [...]...
16. Human Rights Committee Part 2 Contents Human Rights Committee Part 2   4 A few comments on a comment: the UN Human Rights Committee ‘s ... Read more...
17. Human rights international conventions Contents Human rights international conventions Protocol No 2 to the European Convention for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or ... Read more...
18. Monopoly Profits An excess profit achieved by the monopolist as a result of monopolistic behavior. The effect is to make the marginal cost of production higher than necessary, thereby disrupting the allocation of resources through market forces.......
19. Human Rights Committee Part 4 Contents Human Rights Committee Part 4   22 Joint Committee on Human Rights Report, A Bill of Rights for the ... Read more...
20. List of international public law topics Contents List of international public law topics This is a comprehensive list of entries dealing with public international law, including ... Read more...
21. Convention on the Rights of the Child Part 2 Contents Convention on the Rights of the Child Part 2   21 The Child Perspective in the U.N. Convention on ... Read more...
22. Civil Rights And Civil Liberties History Civil Rights and Civil Liberties HistoryThe concept that human beings have inalienable rights and liberties that cannot justly be violated by others or by the state is linked to the history of democracy. It was first expressed by the philosophers of ancient Greece. Socrates, for example, ch......
23. International Security Part 13 Contents International Security Part 13   174 Provisional Measures in International Law: The International Court of Justice and the International ... Read more...
24. Human Rights Committee Part 6 Contents Human Rights Committee Part 6   58 Ahani v. Canada Gerald Heckman American Journal of International Law Volume 99, ... Read more...
25. Military Bounties Military BountiesBounties have been widely used to encourage enlistment in the armed forces. In the U.S., this practice stems from colonial days, when grants of land and money were made in return for military service. After the American Revolution, Congress continued the practice of grantin......
26. Black Economy Black Economy and Europe There is an entry on black economy in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Black Economy" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", by Rodney Leach (Profile Books; London)...
27. Usury A rate of interest in excess of that permitted by law. Usury may negate repayment of the excessive interest, or even the principal. In many jurisdictions usury statutes do not apply to corporate borrowings. ......
28. Population Groups Population Groups Related Fields Related topics include: Population Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Population Group Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Ethnic Group Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Minority Group Find this subject in this [...]...
29. Cyclopaedia of Political Science, Political Economy and the Political History of the United States Contents Cyclopaedia of Political Science, Political Economy and the Political History of the United States Cyclopaedia of Political Science, Political ... Read more...
30. Political Parties Organization and Structure of Political Parties Political Parties: Organization and Structure of Political Parties:Introduction to Political Parties Organization and Structure of Political PartiesPolitical parties mediate the relationship between citizens and their government. In democracies with competitive party systems, polit......
31. Pressure Groups Lobby or Pressure Groups in Election Law People who wish to influence political decisions in order to promote certain political goals or values. Resources See Also Election Law Electoral Laws Electoral Legislation ...
32. Political Committee Political Committee and Europe There is an entry on political committee in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Political Committee" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", by Rodney Leach [...]...
33. Political Law Finalité(s) Politique(s) and Europe There is an entry on finalité(s) politique(s) in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Finalité(s) Politique(s)" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", [...]...
34. Party Groups Party groups and the European Union Resources See Also Political groups...
35. Political and Security Committee Political and Security Committee (PSC) and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Political and Security Committee (PSC) provided by the European Union Commission: Replacing the Political Committee, the Political and Security Committee (PSC) follows international developments in the [...]...
36. Psychological Stress And Adoption Support Groups Psychological Stress and Adoption Support GroupsPeople who find that they cannot give birth to children often grieve for the biological children they might have had. Once the grieving process is over, many people who desire to become parents seek to adopt. The adoption process itself can be......
37. Groups Groups and Groupings in the United Nations Further Reading A concise encyclopedia of the United Nations (including Groups, H Volger, KA Annan -2010) The Oxford Handbook on the United Nations (TG Weiss - 2007) International Law: A Dictionary (including Groups, Boczek, Boleslaw Adam -2005) [...]...
38. Political Machines Contents Political Machines Political Machines Definition Political Machines, local political party organization capable of mobilizing or “manufacturing”large numbers of votes ... Read more...
39. Country Groups A classification scheme provided in U.S. export control regulations. The countries of the world are divided into seven groups, plus Canada; each group is designated by a letter of the alphabet. Export licensing requirements vary from group to group. An individual seeking to learn the export licensin......
40. Political Risk An economic risk assumed by foreign creditors that political or military conditions in a debtor's country may preclude settlement of the obligation when due.......
41. Political Constitution Political Constitution Constitution, in politics, fundamental system of law, written or unwritten, of a sovereign state, established or accepted as a guide for governing the state. A constitution fixes the limits and defines the relations of the legislative, judicial, and executive powers o......
42. Political Economy International Political Economy The Study of International Political Economy Liberalism and Mercantilism Introduction to International Political Economy: The Study of International Political Economy Liberalism and Mercantilism Advocates of liberal policies in international economics support [...]...
43. Political Behavior Political Science: Fields in Political Science: Political BehaviorIntroduction to Political BehaviorPolitical behavior involves the study of how people involve themselves in political processes and respond to political activity. The field emphasizes the study of voting behavior, wh......
44. Political Campaign Introduction to Political CampaignPolitical Campaign, organized effort by a political party or candidate for public office to attract the support of voters in an election. Political campaigns play an important role in the education and mobilization of citizens in most democracies.In......
45. Political Decentralization Decentralization (government) Political DecentralizationIntroduction to Political DecentralizationGovernment is decentralized in the political sense when the power to determine policies is shared between central and local agencies, and local powers are substantial in both number an......
46. Political Offense Introduction to Political OffensePolitical Offense, in criminal law, act declared by a state to involve a threat to its safety or existence, as treason or sedition, or declared to constitute an interference with the organization and processes of government, as bribery of public officials. S......
47. Political Parties Introduction to Political PartiesPolitical Parties, organizations that mobilize voters on behalf of a common set of interests, concerns, and goals. In many nations, parties play a crucial role in the democratic process. They formulate political and policy agendas, select candidates, conduct......
48. Political Propaganda Propaganda Political PropagandaIntroduction to Political PropagandaPropaganda for distinctly political ends is as old as history. The Bible, for example, relates that the Assyrian king Sennacherib attempted to terrify the Kingdom of Judah into surrendering by the use of threatening......
49. Political Science Introduction to Political Science Political Science, the systematic study of and reflection upon politics. Politics usually describes the processes by which people and institutions exercise and resist power. Political processes are used to formulate policies, influence individuals and [...]...
50. Political Scientists Political Science: What Political Scientists DoIntroduction to Political ScientistsMost professional political scientists work in colleges and universities where they teach, conduct research, and write articles and books related to their specific research interests. Political scien......
51. Political Subdivision Introduction to Political SubdivisionPolitical Subdivision, unit of government designed to carry out public functions within a specific territory." (1)ResourcesNotes and ReferencesInformation about ...
52. Political Theory Political Science: Fields in Political Science: Political Theory Introduction to Political Theory Political theory involves the study of philosophical thought about politics from ancient Greece to the present; the interpretation and development of concepts such as freedom, democracy, human [...]...
53. Regional Groups Regional Groups in the United Nations Further ReadingA concise encyclopedia of the United Nations (including Regional Groups, H Volger, KA Annan -2010) The Oxford Handbook on the United Nations (TG Weiss - 2007) International Law: A Dictionary (including Regional Groups, Boczek, Boleslaw Adam [...]...
54. Ethnic Groups The Legal History of Ethnic Groups in Chinese LawThis section provides an overview of Ethnic Groups in Chinese Law ResourcesSee AlsoLegal Biography Legal Traditions Historical Laws History of Law Further Reading Ethnic Groups in Chinese Law in the Oxford International Encyclopedia of Legal [...]...
55. Political Crimes The Legal History of Political CrimesThis section provides an overview of Political Crimes ResourcesSee AlsoLegal Biography Legal Traditions Historical Laws History of Law Further Reading Political Crimes in the Oxford International Encyclopedia of Legal History (Oxford University Press) The [...]...
56. Political Strike Political strike in the International Trade Union Rights Area Definition of Political strike provided by ITUC-CSI-IGB: A process halfway between conciliation and arbitration , in mediation a neutral third party assists the disputing parties in reaching a settlement to an industrial dispute by [...]...
57. Political Party Political Broadcast in Election Law A message recorded by the parties and/or transmitted live on TV, radio or online. The duration and frequency of the broadcasts are usually regulated by law. Resources See Also Election Law Electoral Laws Electoral Legislation ...
58. Political Environment Political Environment in Election Law Various conditions and components of a political scene in a given country at a given time, together with its actors: members of the government, political parties, the opposition, those who are represented and those who are not, etc. The term is often used [...]...
59. Political Party Political Party in Election Law Organisation of people who share the same opinions, principles and aspirations regarding how society should be managed and who wish to implement these by obtaining power. Concept of Political Party Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the [...]...
60. Political Reform Political Reform in Election Law Set of measures applied to review laws governing the political environment and political action and, by extension, reform the political institutions which are based upon these laws. Resources See Also Election Law Electoral Laws Electoral Legislation ...
61. Political Rights International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (iccpr) in Election Law The ICCPR builds on the right to political participation by further detailing the requirements associated with elections that are a key part of this right. Article 25 of the ICCPR has been referred to as 'the [...]...
62. Unrepresented Groups Unrepresented Groups in Election Law Category of the population that can be distinguished by gender, ethnicity, age, social class, occupation, religion, disability, etc., whose interests are not represented, or are poorly represented, by their members within representative assemblies, [...]...
63. Political Culture Concept of Political Culture Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Ideology Public Opinion Media...
64. Political Ideology Concept of Political Ideology Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Ideology Public Opinion Media Resources See Also Parliamentary Law Political Law Political Constitution Political Science Politics...
65. Political Participation Concept of Political Participation Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Participation Interest Groups Lobbying Resources See Also Electoral System Electoral College Voting...
66. Political Powers Powers of Congress in U.S. Constitutional Law A list of entries related to Powers of Congress may be found, under the Powers of Congress subject group, in the United States constitutional law platform of the American legal encyclopedia....
67. Political Socialization Concept of Political Socialization Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Ideology Public Opinion Media...
68. Warez Groups Overview of Warez Groups in relation to cyber crime: [1]Warez members are typically categorized according to their primary role within the group. Leaders manage and direct other group members, determining which types of software, music, and movies to crack and release. Suppliers locate and [...]...
69. Political Markets Literature Review on (Contracting) Political Markets In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Rizalino B. Cruz offers the following summary about the topic of (Contracting) Political Markets: This entry provides an overview of political markets as a framework for [...]...
70. Terrorist Groups Terrorist Groups in 2016 Although terrorist attacks and fatalities from terrorism declined globally for the second year in a row in 2016, terrorist groups continued to exploit ungoverned territory and ongoing conflict to expand their reach, and to direct and inspire attacks around the world. [...]...
71. Political Expenditures Citizens United v Federal Election Commission Case (US) In relation to the citizens united v federal election commission case (United States) and constitutional law, Robert A Sedler[1] made the following observation: In Citizens United v Federal Election Commission (558 US 310, 2010), the [...]...
72. Political Movements Related Fields Related topics include: Political Movement Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Social Movement Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Grassroots Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Socialism Find this subject in this World legal [...]...
73. Political Systems Related Fields Related topics include: Political System Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Politics Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Government Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Political System Politics Government...
74. Political Question Act of State and Political Question Doctrines In relation to the international law practice and act of state and political question doctrines in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Foreign Relations About this subject:Bernstein v. Kerry Note: there is [...]...
75. Political Offence Embracing mainstream international law, this section on political offence explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "political offence" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law [...]...
76. Political Union Embracing mainstream international law, this section on political union explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Embracing mainstream international law, this section on political union explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered [...]...
77. Political Assessment Description of Political Assessment In this reference work, political assessment is a sort of the Legal History category. Resources See Also Legal History...
78. Political Geography Resources See Also Further Reading Information related to political geography in the Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law(MPEPIL), Germany, United Kingdom...
79. Political Cooperation Meaning of European Political Co-operation (EPC) Here is a very short concept of european political co-operation (epc) in the European Union framework: The predecessor to the Common Foreign and Security Policy, EPC never progressed beyond rhetoric. Resources Notas y References See Also...
80. Political Philosophy Related Work and Conclusions Resources See Also References (Papers) Shareholder Wealth Maximization As Means To An End, Robert P. Bartlett, Iii, Aug 2016 The Death Penalty In Traditional China, Chin Kim, Theodore R. Leblang, Jul 2016 The Cultural Limits Of Legal Tolerance, Benjamin Berger, [...]...
81. Political Doctrine Resources See Also Political Doctrine Economic Doctrine Fundamental Right Doctrine...
82. Political Power Resources See Also Government Government Contract Local Government Public Administration Administrative Law Public Law...
83. Political System Resources See Also Government Government Contract Local Government Public Administration Administrative Law Public Law...
84. Political Development Resources See Also Nation Province Sovereignty Rule of Law Public International Law State Territory...
85. Political Integration Resources See Also Nation Province Sovereignty Rule of Law Public International Law State Territory...
86. Political Conflict Resources See Also Political Movement Social Movement Grassroots Socialism...
87. Political Education Resources See Also Political Movement Social Movement Grassroots Socialism...
88. Political Aspect Resources See Also Parliamentary Law Political Law Political Constitution Political Science Politics...
89. Political Leadership Resources See Also Parliamentary Law Political Law Political Constitution Political Science Politics...
90. Political Opposition Resources See Also Parliamentary Law Political Law Political Constitution Political Science Politics...
91. Special Groups Resources See Also Population Population Group Ethnic Group Minority Group...
92. Political Behaviour Resources See Also Social Problem Crime Delinquency Juvenile Delinquency Delinquent Social Issues Crime Prevention...
93. Political Movement Resources See Also Social Problem Crime Delinquency Juvenile Delinquency Delinquent Social Issues Crime Prevention...
94. Political Problem Resources See Also Social Problem Crime Delinquency Juvenile Delinquency Delinquent Social Issues Crime Prevention...
95. Vulnerable Groups Resources See Also Urban Issues Urban Planning Urbanization Zoning Law...
96. Political Parties Future Political Parties: The Future of Political Parties:Introduction to Political Parties FutureThough most pronounced in the United States, the decline of traditional parties is an international phenomenon. Some analysts believe political parties will one day cease to exist, and that t......
97. Political Parties History Political Parties: History of Political Parties: Origins and DevelopmentIntroduction to Political Parties HistoryThe origins of political parties are closely associated with the development of the modern state and representative democracy in Western Europe and the United States. Pa......
98. Political Science Challenges Political Science: Recent Trends Challenges to the DisciplineIntroduction to Political Science ChallengesMarxists challenged conventional political science through most of the 20th century, charging that the discipline overlooked oppressive political relationships in the capitalist......
99. Political Science Fields Political Science: Fields in Political Science:Introduction to Political Science FieldsPolitical science is organized into several fields, each representing a major subject area of teaching and research in colleges and universities. These fields include comparative politics, Americ......
100. Political Science History Political Science: History of the Discipline Origins and DevelopmentIntroduction to Political Science HistoryThe systematic study of politics dates to ancient times. The oldest legal and administrative code that survives in its entirety is the Code of Hammurabi, inscribed on a pill......
101. Political Question Doctrine In the United States For information about Political question doctrine in the context of international trade, click here Alaska v. Kerry: Act of State and Political Question Doctrines in 2013 United States views on international law [1] in relation to Alaska v. Kerry: Act of State and [...]...
102. Political Action Committee Concept of Political Action Committee Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Concept of Political Action Committee Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Voting Campaigns [...]...
103. Political Rights of Prisoners Suspension of the Political Rights of Prisoners In relation to the suspension of the political rights of prisoners and constitutional law, Pablo Marshall[1] made the following observation: The suspension of political rights refers to the temporary loss of rights to political participation [...]...
104. Transnational Groups of Companies Transnational Groups of Companies in Private International Law This section contain conflict of laws information and cross references related to transnational groups of companies on some major countries and additional jurisdictions. It covers key issues involved when citizens face [...]...
105. Rights of Special Groups Resources See Also Rights Legal Rights Fundamental Rights Civil Rights...
106. Open-ended Working Groups Embracing mainstream international law, this section on open-ended working groups explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "open-ended working groups" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of [...]...
107. Political Independence Embracing mainstream international law, this section on political independence explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "political independence" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International [...]...
108. Political Scientist Resources See Also Parliamentary Law Political Law Political Constitution Political Science Politics...
109. Political Or Peacebuilding Missions Political or Peacebuilding Missions Embracing mainstream international law, this section on political or peacebuilding missions explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "political or peacebuilding missions" in [...]...
110. European Political Community European Political Community and Europe There is an entry on european political community in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "European Political Community" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to [...]...
111. EU-Andean Community Political Dialogue and Co-operation Agreement EU-Andean Community Political Dialogue and Co-operation Agreement Contents Title of Treaty Political Dialogue and Co-operation Agreement between the European Community ... Read more...
112. Princeton Encyclopedia of American Political History Contents The Princeton Encyclopedia of American Political History Bibliographic Details Title: The Princeton Encyclopedia of American Political History Description: Two ... Read more...
113. Political Obligation Contents Political Obligation In relation to Legal Authority and Obligation, see also the entries about Legal Authority (here), Obligations in ... Read more...
114. Political History Contents Political History Introduction From the beginning of recorded history, one aspect of the political world that has become clear ... Read more...
115. Political Pluralism Contents Political Pluralism Pluralism in Politics On the basis of some decades of experience, one can reasonably argue that eclmic ... Read more...
116. Political Corruption Contents Political Corruption Definition Passas [1] wrote that political corruption comprises “public officials acting in the best interest of private ... Read more...
117. Political Affairs Political Affairs The Department of Political Affairs (DPA) of the UN DPA is engaged in various types of rule of ... Read more...
118. Ban on Political Parties In relation to the ban on political parties and constitutional law, Justin O Frosini and Sara Pennicino[1] made the following observation: A 'ban of political parties' is one of the ways constitutions have regulated political parties after the Second World War. In these cases, the [...]...
119. Convention on the Political Rights of Women   Article I Women shall be entitled to vote in all elections on equal terms with men without any discrimination. Article II Women shall be eligible for election to all publicly elected bodies, established by national law, on equal terms with men, without any discrimination. Article III [...]...
120. Worldwide Political Science Abstracts Worldwide Political Science Abstracts. Index details: Ann Arbor, MI: ProQuest, 1975-. Monthly. Coverage: 1975 to present Provides over 436,000 citations ... Read more...