Search results for: “subsidies”

  • Import Substitution

    Summary of Import Substitution The act of eliminating imports of a given product by commencing production locally, often accompanied by controls such as increased duties, quotas, or outright bans to discourage or prevent continued foreign imports. This approach is fairly common on the part […]

  • Import Substitution

    Summary of Import Substitution The act of eliminating imports of a given product by commencing production locally, often accompanied by controls such as increased duties, quotas, or outright bans to discourage or prevent continued foreign imports. This approach is fairly common on the part […]

  • Petition

    Petition in Constitutional Law From the Comparative Constitutions Project: By right to petition, we mean the right to submit individual or group level grievances to government Petition and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) […]

  • Tokyo Round

    The seventh, and latest, round of multilateral trade negotiations sponsored by the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (read about the GATT for further details). Running from 1973 to 1979, the Tokyo Round resulted in…

  • Tokyo Round

    The seventh, and latest, round of multilateral trade negotiations sponsored by the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (read about the GATT for further details). Running from 1973 to 1979, the Tokyo Round resulted in…

  • Education

    "The illiterate of the 21st century will not be those who cannot read and write, but those who cannot learn, unlearn, and relearn." — Alvin Toffler See Education links History of Education In the following treatment of this subject, the theory and early history of education is […]

  • GATT Accession

    GATT Accession Summary of GATT Detais can be found in General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade). Accession Process The process was described by Christopher Mark in 1993: "Joining the GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS AND TRADE is rarely a simple or straightforward matter –especially if the […]

  • International Trade Law

    Outline Following an introductory overview of the principles and structure of international trade law, this entry concentrates on the substantive obligations in the agreements that form part of the World Trade Organization Agreement, including tariff and customs?related matters, […]

  • Structural Funds

    Meaning of Structural funds Here is a very short concept of structural funds in the European Union framework: The collective name given to four (or perhaps more properly five) funds set up to assist underdeveloped, declining or economically stagnant regions of the EU The European Regional […]

  • Structural Funds

    Meaning of Structural funds Here is a very short concept of structural funds in the European Union framework: The collective name given to four (or perhaps more properly five) funds set up to assist underdeveloped, declining or economically stagnant regions of the EU The European Regional […]

  • Population Growth

    Annual Population Growth Rate (in the Human Development Area) In this context, Population Growth Rate (Annual) refers to the average annual exponential growth rate for the period indicated. More People It is true that a country can get into economic trouble if the number of elderly […]

  • Industrial Policy

    Industrial Policy and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Industrial Policy: A program of selective government interventions designed to change the sectoral composition of a country's economy […]

  • Industrial Policy

    Industrial Policy and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Industrial Policy: A program of selective government interventions designed to change the sectoral composition of a country's economy […]

  • Evolution of International Organizations

    Evolution of International Organizations Evolution of International Organizations Resources See Also Foregin Policy Foreign Affairs International Relations Further Reading Abbott, K. W., Genschel, P., Snidal, D., & Zangl, B. (Eds.). (2015). International organizations as orchestrators. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. Adams, M., de Waele, H., Meeusen, J., & Straetmans, G. (2013). Judging Europe’s judges: The…

  • Structural Bias

    Besides “partisan bias” in media reporting, a second type of media bias is known as “structural bias.” This type of bias stems from certain “structures” (customs, reporting routines, commercial pressures, etc.) that operate within the news industry. As a result of the highly commercial and purportedly nonpartisan nature of the mainstream media, the issue of…