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  • Tax Relief And Health Care Act of 2006

    Tax Relief And Health Care Act of 2006 Summary (Source: BNA) The House, in December 8 approved, by a 367-45 vote, a $45 billion package (H.R. 6111) which includes an extension of certain expiring tax provisions, energy tax provisions, health savings account modifications, and other tax breaks. The Act also expands the jurisdiction of the…

  • Usury

    A rate of interest in excess of that permitted by law. Usury may negate repayment of the excessive interest, or even the principal. In many jurisdictions usury statutes do not apply to corporate borrowings. …

  • Grant of Permission

    As provided in the Countervailing Duty Law (19 U.S.C. 1303), an economic inducement by a foreign government or association to a manufacturer in its country to encourage exports. These inducements include, but are not limited to loans and loan guarantees, at rates lower than those commercially availa…

  • Violent Crime

    A violent crime or crime of violence is a crime in which the offender uses or threatens to use violent force upon the victim. This entails both crimes in which the violent act is the objective, such as murder, as well as crimes in which violence is the means to an end, (including criminal ends)…

  • Sentencing

    Criminal Procedure: Sentencing Introduction to SentencingOnce guilt has been determined, either by verdict following a trial or by the entry of a guilty plea, the defendant must be sentenced. Generally, the trial judge imposes the sentence, which must be within the statutory limits…

  • International Encyclopedia of Marriage and Family

    International Encyclopedia of Marriage and Family Bibliographic Details Publisher: Macmillan Reference USA Copyright: 2002 (2nd edition (November 27, 2002) Language: English ISBN-10: 0028656725 ISBN-13: 978-0028656724 Pages: 2000 Table of Contents Abortion Abstinence Academic Achievement Acculturation Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Adolescent Parenthood Adoption Adulthood Affection Afghanistan African-American Families Alzheimer’s Disease American Indian Families Anabaptists (Amish, Mennonite)…

  • List of Authors to the Encyclopedia of the American Constitution

    List of Authors to the Encyclopedia of the American Constitution Main Entries: List of Entries and Authors of the Encyclopedia of the American Constitution Encyclopedia of the American Constitution Listing of entries to the Encyclopedia by Author: Benjamin Aaron Professor of Law, Emeritus University of California, Los Angeles LABOR AND THE ANTITRUST LAWS Henry J.…

  • List of Entries and Authors of the Encyclopedia of the American Constitution

    List of Articles and Contributors of the Encyclopedia of the American Constitution Main Entry: the Encyclopedia of the American Constitution. List of Authors by Entry (A-Z): ADEQUATE STATE GROUNDS Kenneth L. Karst ADKINS V. CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL Leonard W. Levy ADLER V. BOARD OF EDUCATION OF CITY OF NEW YORK Martin Shapiro ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES Joseph Vining…

  • Bunker Clause

    A provision common to certain charter parties stipulating that the charterer shall pay to the vessel owner the value of coal or fuel oil aboard the ship at the commencement of the charter, and the owner shall pay the charterer the value of all coal or fuel oil aboard the vessel upon the termination …

  • History of Nationalization

    History of Nationalization Introduction The fact that “Nationalization” had become in 1916-21 one of the burning political questions of the day is unfortunate as regards arriving at a clear appraisal of its principles, for, from the outset, it is difficult for a writer to avoid a certain bias in approaching its discussion. Yet Nationalization of…

  • History of Citation Indexing

    History of Citation Indexing Legal Citation indexing originated with a table of cases that Joseph Story began in 1743. For centuries, the history of Legal Citation indexes wes related to the history of print law reports. The founder of modern citation indexing and citation analysis is Dr. Eugene Gartfield. He was the founder of ISI®…

  • Constitutional Text: Brazil Constitution of 1988

    Constitutional Text: Brazil Constitution of 1988 CONSTITUTION OF THE FEDERATIVE REPUBLIC OF BRAZIL OCTOBER 5, 1988 Preamble We, the representatives of the Brazilian People, convened in the National Constituent Assembly to institute a democratic state for the purpose of ensuring the exercise of social and individual rights, liberty, security, well-being, development, equality and justice as…

  • Constitutional Text: Austria 1945, Amendments 1986,1987,1988,1990, 1992 and 1993

    Constitutional Text: Amendments of 1986,1987,1988,1990, 1992 and 1993 to the Austria Constitution of 1945 1986 AMENDMENT TO AUSTRIA’S CONSTITUTION OF 1945 APRIL 24, 1986 212. Federal constitutional law of April 4, 1986, amending the federal constitutional law of 1929 (amendment to the federal constitutional law 1986) The National Assembly has decided: Article I. The federal…

  • Maxims of Law from Bouvier’s Dictionary of Law

    Maxims of Law from Bouvier’s Dictionary of Law   A communi observantia non est recedendum. There should be no departure from common observance or usage. Co. Litt. 186. A l’impossible nul n’est tenu. No one is bound to do what is impossible. 1 Bouvier’s Institutes of American Law. n. 601. A verbis legis non est…

  • Outline of Trust and Estates

    Outline of Trust and Estates Note: this is based in United States law I. POLICY AND INTRODUCTION A. Dead Hand Control 1. Controlling consideration in determining meaning of a donative document is donor’s intention 2. Courts cannot consider wisdom, fairness, or reasonableness of donation 3. Courts can only bar donations if they are prohibited or…