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Search results for: “discriminatory price”

  • International Trade

    International Political Economy Trends: International Trade Introduction to International Trade In the 21st century, international trade has grown to 20 percent of the world's total production of goods and services-around $6.5 trillion per year. This volume of trade is almost seven times […]

  • Anti-Semitism

    Zionism Historical Background: The Rise of Modern Anti-SemitismIntroduction to Anti-SemitismPolitical emancipation, however, proved to be a false dawn. In the second half of the 19th century organized anti-Semitic parties emerged in Germany and Austria-Hungary. In Russia, where the…

  • Anti-Semitism

    Zionism Historical Background: The Rise of Modern Anti-SemitismIntroduction to Anti-SemitismPolitical emancipation, however, proved to be a false dawn. In the second half of the 19th century organized anti-Semitic parties emerged in Germany and Austria-Hungary. In Russia, where the…

  • Accession

    Accession in Constitutional Law From the Comparative Constitutions Project: Accession is a process by which a country becomes a member of an international agreement or of another state. For example, all but the original fifteen colonies in the United States were granted accession into the […]

  • Accession

    Accession in Constitutional Law From the Comparative Constitutions Project: Accession is a process by which a country becomes a member of an international agreement or of another state. For example, all but the original fifteen colonies in the United States were granted accession into the […]

  • Electric Industry Restructuring

    Literature Review on Regulatory Policy: Electric Industry Restructuring In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] John D. Wong and Stacey M. Brewer provide the following summary about the topic of Regulatory Policy: Electric Industry Restructuring: In a […]

  • Cutthroat Competition

    A discriminatory pricing practice whereby one vendor deliberately reduces prices to a low level with the object of driving out competition, thereby creating a monopoly or dominant market share. In the United States such practices are banned, although they are often employed in foreign countries….

  • Constitutional Text: Brazil Constitution of 1988

    Constitutional Text: Brazil Constitution of 1988 CONSTITUTION OF THE FEDERATIVE REPUBLIC OF BRAZIL OCTOBER 5, 1988 Preamble We, the representatives of the Brazilian People, convened in the National Constituent Assembly to institute a democratic state for the purpose of ensuring the exercise of social and individual rights, liberty, security, well-being, development, equality and justice as…

  • Agreement Relating to the Implementation of Part XI of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 6

    Agreement Relating to the Implementation of Part XI of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea   SECTION 7. ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE 1. The policy of the Authority of assisting developing countries which suffer serious adverse effects on their export earnings or economies resulting from a reduction in the price of an affected…

  • European Energy Charter 9

    European Energy Charter   ARTICLE 16 RELATION TO OTHER AGREEMENTS Where two or more Contracting Parties have entered into a prior international agreement, or enter into a subsequent international agreement, whose terms in either case concern the subject matter of Part III or V of this Treaty, (1) nothing in Part III or V of…

  • United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 7

    United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea   SECTION 3. DEVELOPMENT OF RESOURCES OF THE AREA Article 150 Policies relating to activities in the Area Activities in the Area shall, as specifically provided for in this Part, be carried out in such a manner as to foster healthy development of the world economy…

  • General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 18

    General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade   Article XVI Subsidies Section A–Subsidies in General 1. If any contracting party grants or maintains any subsidy, including any form of income or price support, which operates directly or indirectly to increase exports of any product from, or to reduce imports of any product into, its territory, it…

  • Convention on the (INMARSAT) 4

    Convention on the (INMARSAT) Article 19. Establishment of utilization charges (1) The Council shall specify the units of measurement for the various types of utilization of the INMARSAT space segment and shall establish charges for such utilization. These charges shall have the objective of earning sufficient revenues for the Organization to cover its operating, maintenance,…

  • Investment Arbitration

    Investment Arbitration Symposia “Symposium on international investment law and the European Union” in Karl P. Sauvant, Yearbook on International Investment Law & Policy 2010-2011 (Oxford University Press, February 2012). Contents include: • Federico Ortino, “Introduction to the Symposium on international investment law and the European Union.” • Colin Brown & Maria Alcover-Llubià , “The external…

  • Clean Water

    Clean Water Safe Drinking Water and Sanitation In the course of 2010, the United Nations General Assembly and the Human Rights Council explicitly recognized the human right to water and sanitation. It is derived from the right to an adequate standard of living as stipulated in Art. 11 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social…