Related Entries of the International Encyclopedia:

1. Spot Market A market for commodities or currency in which the sale results in an immediate or nearly immediate exchange of the goods or instruments for cash, as compared with a futures market, which trades in contracts for the future delivery of the product.......
2. Market Prices Hierarchical Display of Market prices Finance > PricesIndustry > Industrial structures and policy > Industrial policy > Industrial price > Delivered priceIndustry > Industrial structures and policy > Industrial policy > Industrial priceFinance > Prices > Prices policy > Price [...]...
3. Open Market Hierarchical Display of Open market Finance > Monetary economics > Exchange policy > Foreign exchange marketFinance > Financial institutions and credit > Credit policy > Rediscounting Open market Concept of Open market See the dictionary definition of Open market. Characteristics of Open [...]...
4. Foreign Exchange Market Hierarchical Display of Foreign exchange market Finance > Monetary economics > Exchange policyFinance > Monetary relations > Monetary relationsFinance > Free movement of capital > Futures marketFinance > Free movement of capital > Free movement of capital > Capital [...]...
5. Market Capitalisation Hierarchical Display of Market capitalisation Finance > Free movement of capital > Financial market > Stock exchange > Stock-exchange listing Market capitalisation Concept of Market capitalisation See the dictionary definition of Market capitalisation. Characteristics of Market [...]...
6. Interbank Market A market for the purchase and sale in the spot and forward markets for foreign exchange among major commercial banks. Very often, these banks will offer to purchase or sell exchange through brokers, thereby initially protecting the identity of the market participants in a given currency at a point i......
7. Commodities Market Hierarchical Display of Commodities market Trade > Trade policy > MarketTrade > International trade > International trade > Primary productTrade > International trade > Trade relations > Commodity agreementFinance > Prices > Prices > Commodity price Commodities market Concept of [...]...
8. Official Resources See Also Officer Resources See Also As to official Bond liquidator Log Book Newspaper Oath Use Resources See Also Malfeasance Misfeasance...
9. Futures Market Hierarchical Display of Futures market Finance > Free movement of capital Futures market Concept of Futures market See the dictionary definition of Futures market. Characteristics of Futures market [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] Resources Translation of Futures market Spanish: Mercado a plazo [...]...
10. Dual Exchange Market A governmentally mandated system for the handling of foreign exchange transactions under which officially sanctioned imports or other approved transactions are accommodated at a given, prescribed rate of exchange while other transactions employ the market rate of exchange. For a listing of countries......
11. Official Seal Hierarchical Display of Official seal Education And Communications > Documentation > Document > Official documentFinance > Taxation > Tax on consumption > Stamp duty Official seal Concept of Official seal See the dictionary definition of Official seal. Characteristics of Official seal [...]...
12. World Market Price Hierarchical Display of World market price Finance > Prices > Market pricesTrade > Trade policy > Export policy > Export financing > Export refund World market price Concept of World market price See the dictionary definition of World market price. Characteristics of World market price [...]...
13. Official Value A value for duty purposes officially assigned by a nation to certain imported goods. Usually the official value is compared with the invoice value, and ad valorem duties are levied upon the higher value.......
14. Official Aid Official Aid (in the Human Development Area) In this context, Official Aid means: grants or loans that meet the same standards as for official development assistance (ODA) except that recipient countries do not qualify as recipients of ODA. These countries are identified in part II of the [...]...
15. Price Formation Hierarchical Display of Price formation Finance > Prices > Prices policyTrade > Trade > Supply and demandFinance > Prices > Market pricesBusiness And Competition > Competition > Competition policy > Competition Price formation Concept of Price formation See the dictionary [...]...
16. Official Statistics Hierarchical Display of Official statistics Economics > Economic analysis > StatisticsEducation And Communications > Documentation > Document > Official document Official statistics Concept of Official statistics See the dictionary definition of Official statistics. Characteristics of [...]...
17. Official Document Hierarchical Display of Official document Education And Communications > Documentation > DocumentEconomics > Economic analysis > Statistics > Official statistics Official document Concept of Official document See the dictionary definition of Official document. Characteristics of Official [...]...
18. Official Journal Official Journal (oj) and Europe There is an entry on official journal (oj) in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Official Journal (oj)" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", by Rodney [...]...
19. Official Acts Official Acts, Subscriptions From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Official Acts, Subscriptions (1): The official acts of a minister coming in question incidentally, unless contrary to the statute, are as valid as the official acts of any other officer.190 A clergyman who [...]...
20. Official Communication Official Communication, Privileged From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Official Communication, Privileged (1): An official communication between authorities of the church or an authority and a member of the church concerning a church matter or church members and not made [...]...
21. Grey Market Grey Market in International Trade Meaning of Grey Market, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A situation that consists of unauthorized traders buying and selling a company's product in different countries. Companies confronted with a grey situation can [...]...
22. Official Development Assistance Summary of Official Development Assistance Financial and technical assistance provided by the governments of industrial nations to less developed nations. This assistance may be provided on a bilateral or multilateral basis, but always emanates from the governmental (i.e., official) sector, [...]...
23. Open Market Captive See Captive Insurance Company.......
24. Official Gazettes Official Gazettes (Law Materials) In this section, find out some resources in relation to Official Gazettes legal materials. Resources See Also Law Materials...
25. Money Market Hierarchical Display of Money market Finance > Monetary economicsFinance > Monetary relations > Monetary relations > Currency areaFinance > Free movement of capital > Financial market Money market Concept of Money market See the dictionary definition of Money market. Characteristics of [...]...
26. Official Visit Hierarchical Display of Official visit International Relations > International affairs > International affairsPolitics > Political framework > Political institution > Head of State Official visit Concept of Official visit See the dictionary definition of Official visit. Characteristics of [...]...
27. Withdrawal From the Market Hierarchical Display of Withdrawal from the market Trade > Trade policy > Trade policy > Market intervention > Market supportTrade > Trade policy > Trade policy > Farm prices > Withdrawal price Withdrawal from the market Concept of Withdrawal from the market See the dictionary definition [...]...
28. Public Legal Official Hierarchical Display of Public legal official Law > Organisation of the legal system > Legal professionEmployment And Working Conditions > Labour market > Occupational status > Liberal profession Public legal official Concept of Public legal official See the dictionary definition of Public [...]...
29. Official Reports Citation NotesThe official report series of both the International Court of Justice and Permanent Court of International Justice are organised by year. The year therefore appears in square brackets......
30. Official Settlements Balance An element of national balance of payments accounting that represents the transfer of reserve assets to, or borrowing from, foreign governments in order to offset a balance of payments deficit.......
31. Gray-market Adoption Description of Gray-market Adoption In this reference work, gray-market adoption is a sort of the Family law category. Resources See Also Private Adoption Family law...
32. Market Power Market Power and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Market Power: The ability of an individual firm to exert control over prices prevailing in the markets for its products or services. The highest [...]...
33. Black-market Adoption Description of Black-market Adoption In this reference work, black-market adoption is a sort of the Family law category. Resources See Also Adoption Family law...
34. Financial Market Resources See Also Trade Market White Market Financial Market Trade Law Competition Law...
35. Black Market Black Market Definition Black Market is the term designating the illicit sale of commodities in violation of government rationing and price-fixing. The term originated in Europe during World War I, when the introduction of rationing in belligerent countries tempted some persons with access [...]...
36. Official Immunity Doctrine Official Immunity Doctrine Resources See Also Sovereign immunity...
37. Exchange Transaction Hierarchical Display of Exchange transaction Finance > Financial institutions and credit > BankingFinance > Monetary economics > Exchange policy > Foreign exchange market Exchange transaction Concept of Exchange transaction See the dictionary definition of Exchange transaction. [...]...
38. Official Gazette Resources See Also Law Rule of Law Law System Legislation...
39. Official Language Hierarchical Display of Official language Politics > Politics and public safety > Institutional activity Official language Concept of Official language See the dictionary definition of Official language. Characteristics of Official language [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] Resources Translation of [...]...
40. European Official Hierarchical Display of European official European Union > EU institutions and European civil service > European civil servicePolitics > Executive power and public service > Administrative structures > Civil service > Civil servantLaw > Justice > Legal action > Appeal to the Court (EU) [...]...
41. The Family and the Market: A Study of Ideology and Legal Reform ContentsThe Family and the Market: A Study of Ideology and Legal ReformConclusionNotesSee AlsoReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/sMentioned ... Read more...
42. Official Publication Resources See Also Document Information Science Research Investigation Legal Research Study...
43. Customs Official A Masterful Customs Official: International Incident In the book "International Incidents for Discussion in Conversation Classes", in relation to terminox, L. Oppenheim wrote in 1909: On Dec. 24th, 1907, the following appeared in the morning papers, dated Winnipeg, Dec. 23rd: [...]...
44. Market Stabilisation Hierarchical Display of Market stabilisation Trade > Trade policy > Trade policyAgriculture, Forestry And Fisheries > Agricultural policy > Common agricultural policyEconomics > Economic conditions > Economic cycle > Economic stabilisationAgriculture, Forestry And Fisheries > [...]...
45. Offer Price Hierarchical Display of Offer price Finance > Prices > Market prices Offer price Concept of Offer price See the dictionary definition of Offer price. Characteristics of Offer price [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] Resources Translation of Offer price Spanish: Precio de oferta French: Prix d'offre [...]...
46. Money-market Liquidity Hierarchical Display of Money-market liquidity Finance > Monetary economics > Money market Money-market liquidity Concept of Money-market liquidity See the dictionary definition of Money-market liquidity. Characteristics of Money-market liquidity [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] Resources Translation [...]...
47. Canceling Date The date specified in a charter party by which the vessel must be ready to load; if the vessel is not ready at the specified time, the charterer may exercise his option of rescinding the agreement.......
48. Count Official Count Official in Election Law Person legally responsible for the ballot count. This can be the president of the polling station, other officers or both. Resources See Also Election Law Electoral Laws Electoral Legislation ...
49. Internal Market Meaning of Internal market Here is a very short concept of internal market in the European Union framework: Another term for the single market; also known as the common market, although that expression has wider connotations. Resources Notas y References See Also...
50. Rediscounting Hierarchical Display of Rediscounting Finance > Financial institutions and credit > Credit policyFinance > Monetary economics > Exchange policy > Foreign exchange market > Open market Concept of Rediscounting See the dictionary definition of Rediscounting. Characteristics of Rediscounting [...]...
51. Cross-cutting Activities – Official Development Assistance Cross-cutting activities - official development assistance Environmental protection measures are an example of cross-cutting activities. They include capacity-building for developing environmental policy, laws, regulations and economic instruments, environmental research or flood protection [...]...
52. Free Market The economic system of a nation in which market forces determine which goods and services are produced, and at what price they are offered. Free market economies do not contain substantial government controls on resource availability, price levels, or central planning of economic objectives.......
53. Court of the Official Principal Resources See Also Arches Court...
54. Fixed Exchange Rates A condition in which the official rates of exchange for most currencies, particularly those of major trading nations, are in an established ratio to one another; generally, this is the result of each currency having an established rate to gold from which a series of bilateral exchange ratios can be ......
55. Supply and Demand Hierarchical Display of Supply and demand Trade > TradeTrade > Trade policy > MarketEconomics > Economic structure > Economic system > Market economyEconomics > Economic analysis > Economic analysisFinance > Prices > Prices policy > Price formationFinance > Monetary [...]...
56. Commodity Market Resources See Also Trade Market White Market Financial Market Trade Law Competition Law...
57. Market Stabilization Resources See Also Trade Market White Market Financial Market Trade Law Competition Law...
58. Market Study Resources See Also Trade Market White Market Financial Market Trade Law Competition Law...
59. Sister Company Sister Company in International Trade Meaning of Sister Company, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A sister company is a company with close affiliations to another company with a separate name and personnel. Both companies are owned by the same parent and [...]...
60. Gray Market Definition In the United States For information about Gray Market Definition in the context of international trade, click here...
61. Market Access Data Base Market Access Data Base in International Trade Meaning of Market Access Data Base, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Database of the European Union with comprehensive information about tariffs in all countries of the world to European products and [...]...
62. Gray Market Goods In the United States For information about Gray market goods in the context of international trade, click here...
63. Foreign Currency Foreign Currency in International Trade Meaning of Foreign Currency, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The currency of any foreign country which is authorized medium of circulation and the basis for record keeping in that country. Foreign currency is [...]...
64. Market Value Embracing mainstream international law, this section on market value explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "market value" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law (currently, the [...]...
65. Transport Market Hierarchical Display of Transport market Transport > Transport policy > Transport policyTrade > Trade policy > Market Transport market Concept of Transport market See the dictionary definition of Transport market. Characteristics of Transport market [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] Resources [...]...
66. Over-the-counter Market Resources See Also NASD NASDAQ...
67. Foreign-exchange Reserves Hierarchical Display of Foreign-exchange reserves Finance > Monetary relations > International financeIndustry > Iron, steel and other metal industries > Metals > Precious metal > GoldFinance > Monetary economics > Exchange policy > Foreign exchange market > Foreign currency [...]...
68. Market Performance Market Performance and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Market Performance: The principal focus of competition policy, market performance refers to the degree to which a particular industry or [...]...
69. Shell Company A "paper" company, usually operated without employees. Normally an attorney or other local agent or management company performs the legal duties of the company on behalf of the stockholders. Shell companies often operate in tax-free or low- tax jurisdictions such as Bermuda, Liechtenstein,......
70. EU Official Journal Hierarchical Display of EU Official Journal Education And Communications > Documentation > Document > Official document Concept of EU Official Journal See the dictionary definition of EU Official Journal. Characteristics of EU Official Journal [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] Resources Translation of [...]...
71. Market Structure Market Structure and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Market Structure: Refers to the structure of an industry or market, as reflected in the number and size distribution of sellers and buyers, [...]...
72. London Discount Market The group of London discount houses that make a market for short-term government and commercial paper. The discount market is financed by secured loans from the London clearing banks.......
73. Market Intervention Hierarchical Display of Market intervention Trade > Trade policy > Trade policyAgriculture, Forestry And Fisheries > Agricultural policy > Common agricultural policy > Common organisation of marketsEconomics > Economic policy > Economic policy > Intervention policyFinance > Free [...]...
74. Capital Market Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
75. EU Market Hierarchical Display of EU market Trade > Trade policy > MarketEuropean Union > European construction > Deepening of the European Union > Single marketAgriculture, Forestry And Fisheries > Agricultural policy > Agricultural policy > Agricultural market > EU agricultural market EU [...]...
76. Agricultural Market Resources See Also Farming Farm Bill Agricultural Law Agriculture Reform Agriculture...
77. Social Market Economy Social Market Economy and Europe There is an entry on social market economy in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Social Market Economy" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", by Rodney [...]...
78. Single Market Summary of Single Market A component feature of the Common Agricultural policy (read this and related legal terms for further details) of the European Economic Community.(Main Author: William J. Miller) Single Market and Europe There is an entry on single market in the European [...]...
79. Market Market Reserve Policies and International Trade Resources See Also Economy Economic System Legal System Capitalism Resources See Also Law of Similars...
80. Deregulation Resources See Also Trade Market White Market Financial Market Trade Law Competition Law...
81. Market Risk Market Risk in International Trade Meaning of Market Risk, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The possibility that results at the time a product is delivered may differ from expectations held at a time it was ordered. For instance, the market price may have [...]...
82. Primary Market A spot commodity market dealing in a local producing area. Ordinarily such markets develop around local transportation centers.......
83. Capital Movement Hierarchical Display of Capital movement Finance > Free movement of capital > Free movement of capitalFinance > Monetary economics > Exchange policy > Foreign exchange marketFinance > Financial institutions and credit > Financial institutionFinance > Monetary relations > [...]...
84. At the Market Resources See Also Market order...
85. Central Market A spot commodity market that serves as a national or regional center of trading activity, and often large-scale distribution of the products as well. Transactions are usually performed by dealers who serve as intermediary brokers between buyers and sellers.......
86. Foreign Market Hierarchical Display of Foreign market Trade > Trade policy > MarketTrade > Trade policy > Trade policy > Foreign trade Foreign market Concept of Foreign market See the dictionary definition of Foreign market. Characteristics of Foreign market [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] Resources Translation of [...]...
87. Primary Product Any agricultural, forest, or fishery product or any mineral sold in its original form, including such processing as may be required to make the product suitable for sale in international commerce.......
88. Monetary Relations Resources See Also Further Reading Information related to monetary relations in the Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law(MPEPIL), Germany, United Kingdom...
89. Domestic Market Resources See Also Trade Market White Market Financial Market Trade Law Competition Law...
90. EU Agricultural Market Hierarchical Display of EU agricultural market Agriculture, Forestry And Fisheries > Agricultural policy > Agricultural policy > Agricultural marketAgriculture, Forestry And Fisheries > Agricultural policy > Common agricultural policyTrade > Trade policy > Market > EU market EU [...]...
91. Open Market Operations A principal vehicle of the Federal Reserve system in expanding or contracting bank reserves. The Federal Open Market Committee, consisting of the entire Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve system, plus representatives of five of the twelve regional Federal Reserve banks (the New York Federal R......
92. Market Support Hierarchical Display of Market support Trade > Trade policy > Trade policy > Market intervention Market support Concept of Market support See the dictionary definition of Market support. Characteristics of Market support [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] Resources Translation of Market support [...]...
93. Prices Policy Hierarchical Display of Prices policy Finance > PricesEconomics > Economic policy > Economic policyEconomics > Economic policy > Economic policy > Deregulation Prices policy Concept of Prices policy See the dictionary definition of Prices policy. Characteristics of Prices policy [rtbs [...]...
94. Market Planning Resources See Also Trade Market White Market Financial Market Trade Law Competition Law...
95. Market Disruption A condition in which foreign imports of a given product increase in quantity so rapidly as to cause, or threaten to cause, material injury to a competing domestic industry. A finding of market disruption before the International Trade Commission may result in retaliatory actions against the [...]...
96. Regional Market Hierarchical Display of Regional market Trade > Trade policy > Market > Domestic market Regional market Concept of Regional market See the dictionary definition of Regional market. Characteristics of Regional market [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] Resources Translation of Regional market Spanish: [...]...
97. Actual Market Value Resources See Also Market volume...
98. Clear Market Value Resources See Also Fair market value...
99. Current Market Value Resources See Also Fair market value...
100. Money Market Accounts Money Market Accounts regarding Banking Law This content deals with legal and regulatory aspects of Money Market Accounts covered in connexion with financial law and banking / lending Institutions....
101. Growth Company ContentsGrowth CompanyGrowth Company in the United StatesResourcesNotes and ReferencesSee Also Growth Company Growth Company in the United States There are ... Read more...
102. International Currency Trends in International Political Economy: International CurrencyIntroduction to International CurrencyExplosive growth in the exchange of foreign currencies in international markets has also transformed the global political economy (see foreign exchange). Advanced telecommunicatio......
103. Standards for Market Actors This section provides an overview of standards for market actors within the legal context of Financial Regulation in international economic law, with coverage of Monetary and Financial Regulation (Main Regulatory Areas). Resources Further Reading Rashid Bahar, "Standards for Market [...]...
104. Commodity Price Hierarchical Display of Commodity price Finance > Prices > PricesTrade > Trade policy > Market > Commodities marketTrade > International trade > International trade > Primary productTrade > International trade > Trade relations > Commodity agreement > Buffer stock Commodity price [...]...
105. International Market Resources See Also Trade Market White Market Financial Market Trade Law Competition Law...
106. Southern Common Market Southern Common Market in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Southern Common Market: Mercado Common del Sur (MERCOSUR) or Mercado Comum do Sui (MERCOSUL). A common market including Argentina, [...]...
107. Fair Market Value The value an imported product would fetch, under similar circumstances of sale, were the goods sold in the country of origin. Customs authorities are usually interested in the fair market value of imported merchandise inasmuch as sales below such value may serve as the basis of a Dumping (...
108. Withdrawal Price A floor price at which European Economic Community producers of certain food products may withhold their goods from the market. The withdrawal price is generally below the base price (i.e., the target price set for a given commodity) and the purchase price at which EEC governments will intervene in ......
109. Two-Tier Gold Mart A system under which gold is traded at two distinct prices. A fixed price is set for transactions among governments, while a market price (subject to the supply and demand mechanism) is established for public-sector transactions. This system was reestablished in the United States in 1968. In those c......
110. Market Access Negotiations Market Access Negotiations and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Market Access Negotiations: In the context of the Uruguay Round as well as bilateral trade negotiations, [...]...
111. London Gold Pool An arrangement among certain European central banks and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York designed to maintain stability in the market price of gold in private transactions. The United States had been committed to buy and sell gold in official transactions at thirty-five dollars per ounce; a priv......
112. Commission Sales Agreement Commission Sales Agreement in International Trade Meaning of Commission Sales Agreement, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A type or contract, whereby a person or company acts as a sales agent on behalf of the exporting company (principal), introducing its [...]...
113. Clear Market Price Resources See Also Fair market value...
114. Capital Market Liability Capital Market Liability in Private International Law This section contain conflict of laws information and cross references related to capital market liability on some major countries and additional jurisdictions. It covers key issues involved when citizens face international situations. [...]...
115. Consent to Act as Director Sample ContentsConsent to Act as Director SampleConsent letter of director to act as director of the CompanyIn IndiaConsent to Act as ... Read more...
116. Market Protection Hierarchical Display of Market protection Trade > Trade policy > Trade policy > Market interventionBusiness And Competition > Competition > Restrictive trade practice > Horizontal agreementEconomics > Economic policy > Economic policy > Protectionism Market protection Concept of Market [...]...
117. Export Companies In the United States For information about Export Companies in the context of international trade, click here...
118. Property Market Hierarchical Display of Property market Social Questions > Construction and town planning > Construction policyLaw > Civil law > Ownership > Real property Property market Concept of Property market See the dictionary definition of Property market. Characteristics of Property market [rtbs [...]...
119. Market-Inalienability ContentsMarket-InalienabilityConclusionNotesSee AlsoReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/sMentioned in these Entries Market-Inalienability   Margaret Jane Radin   Things that ... Read more...
120. Industrial Price Hierarchical Display of Industrial price Industry > Industrial structures and policy > Industrial policyFinance > Prices > Market prices Industrial price Concept of Industrial price See the dictionary definition of Industrial price. Characteristics of Industrial price [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] [...]...