Related Entries of the International Encyclopedia:

1. Pre-advice Pre-advice in International Trade Meaning of Pre-advice, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): In letters of credit, at the request of an applicant, the issuing bank may give a pre-advice of issuance and/or amendment of the letter of credit. A pre-advice is [...]...
2. Discrepancies Discrepancies in International Trade Meaning of Discrepancies, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): In the context of letters of credit, discrepancies arises when documents presented under a letter of credit do not conform to the terms of the credit; [...]...
3. Operative Instrument A letter of Credit (read this and related legal terms for further details) transmitted by cable rather than on bank stationery. Customarily a bank may send a telex notification to the beneficiary of the letter of credit ......
4. Back to Back Back to Back Letter of Credit in International Trade Meaning of Back to Back Letter of Credit, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A new letter of credit opened in favour of another beneficiary on the basis of an already existing one, not a transferable [...]...
5. Negotiating Bank Negotiating Bank in International Trade Meaning of Negotiating Bank, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): In a letter of credit transaction, the bank that: receives and examines the seller's documents for adherence to the terms and conditions of the [...]...
6. Expiration Date Expiration Date in International Trade Meaning of Expiration Date, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): In a letter of credit transaction, the final date the seller (beneficiary of the credit) may present documents and draw a draft under the terms of the [...]...
7. Letter of Indemnity A document issued by a shipper of merchandise to a steamship line as an inducement for the carrier to issue a clean bill of Lading (read this and related legal terms for further details) where it might not otherwise do s......
8. Second Advising Bank Second Advising Bank in International Trade Meaning of Second Advising Bank, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): In a letter of credit transaction, the seller usually prefers that the incoming letters of credit be advised through its bank account. However, [...]...
9. Freight Prepayable Freight Prepayable in International Trade Meaning of Freight Prepayable, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Terminology designed by carriers to provide transportation documentation indicating the freight charges are for the account of the shipper, while no [...]...
10. Validity Validity in International Trade Meaning of Validity, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The time period for which a letter of credit is valid. After receiving notice of a letter of opened in his behalf, the seller/exporter/beneficiary must meet all the [...]...
11. Silent Confirmation Silent Confirmation in International Trade Meaning of Silent Confirmation, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): In letters of credit, in addition to the commitment of the issuing bank, the advising bank can, by silent confirmation, enter into its own, [...]...
12. Availability Definition of Availability in International Trade The following is a concept of Availability in the context of international trade law, from the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): In letters of credit, refers to the availability of documents in exchange for payment of the [...]...
13. Confirming Bank Confirming Bank in International Trade Meaning of Confirming Bank, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): In a letter of credit transaction, the bank that assumes responsibility to the seller (usually the exporter) for payment from the issuing bank (buyer's [...]...
14. Cover Note Cover Note in International Trade Meaning of Cover Note, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Document issued by insurance company or insurance brokers instead of insurance policies or insurance certificates, which serves as proof of usual insurance [...]...
15. List of sample letters Contents List of sample letters Free letter sample & letter examples. Here, you may find all types of legal or ... Read more...
16. Remittance Remittance in International Trade Meaning of Remittance, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Funds forwarded from one person to another as payment for bought items or services. Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities [...]...
17. Foreign Exchange Foreign Exchange in International Trade Meaning of Foreign Exchange, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Current or liquid claims payable in foreign currency and in a foreign country (bank balances, checks, bills of exchange). Not to be confused with foreign [...]...
18. Fire Insurance Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
19. Open Account Open Account in International Trade Meaning of Open Account, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A payment term under which the buyer promises to pay the seller within a predetermined number of days, and the seller does not restrict the availability of [...]...
20. Collection Letter Collection Letter in International Trade Meaning of Collection Letter, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A letter or form that conveys the drawer's instructions to the presenting bank. While there are many variations, collection letters identify the [...]...
21. Shipment Received For Shipment B/L in International Trade Meaning of Received For Shipment B/L, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A bill of lading which confirms the receipt of goods by the carrier, but not their actual loading on board. This document can be [...]...
22. Trade Documents Trade Documents in International Trade Meaning of Trade Documents, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Paper documents (or electronic files) used in international trade that prove that certain events have taken place. For convenience, the documents commonly [...]...
23. Advising Bank Definition of Advising Bank in International Trade The following is a concept of Advising Bank in the context of international trade law, from the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The bank that notifies the exporter of the opening of a letter of credit in his or her [...]...
24. Trade Finance Trade Finance in International Trade Meaning of Trade Finance, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): This is the way in which an exporter requires an importer to prepay for goods ship. The importer wants to reduce risks by asking the exporter to document that [...]...
25. Full Faith and Credit Clause Full Faith and Credit Clause in Private International Law This section contain conflict of laws information and cross references related to full faith and credit clause on some major countries and additional jurisdictions. It covers key issues involved when citizens face international [...]...
26. Insurance Certificate Insurance Certificate in International Trade Meaning of Insurance Certificate, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A document used so that coverage is provided to cover loss or damage to cargo while in transit when insurance is placed against an open marine [...]...
27. Consumer Lending Consumer Lending regarding Banking Law This content deals with legal and regulatory aspects of Consumer Lending covered in connexion with financial law and banking / lending Institutions....
28. Original Documents Original Documents in International Trade Meaning of Original Documents, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): In documentary collections and letters of credit, the requirement for an original document may also be satisfied by the presentation of documents [...]...
29. Payment Terms Payment Terms in International Trade Meaning of Payment Terms, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): That part of a contract that defines when, where, to whom and in what currency the underlying obligation is to be discharged. The exporter will consider the [...]...
30. Issuance Issuance in International Trade Meaning of Issuance, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The establishment of a letter of credit by the issuing bank (buyer's bank) based on the buyer's application and credit relationship with the bank. See letter of [...]...
31. Assignment Analyze the Assignment in Legal Research Assignment There is more information about this subjet related to the field of legal research in the legal encyclopedia. Constraints There is more information about this subjet related to the field of legal research in the legal encyclopedia. [...]...
32. Drawing Drawing in E.U. Patent SystemOne or more specially-prepared figures filed as a part of a patent application to explain and describe the invention. Drawings (or illustrations, where appropriate) are more commonly found with inventions for mechanical or electrical devices. As a rule, chemical [...]...
33. Commercial Risk The risk borne by an exporter that his foreign customer may be unable to pay for merchandise imported under open account terms. Commercial risk is contrasted with political risks, which arise from governmental actions and are unrelated to the financial condition or credit-wor- thiness of the [...]...
34. Letter of Intent Real Estate meaning of Letter of IntentIn the words of the Encyclopedia of Real Estate Terms about Letter of Intent: A letter, note or memorandum setting out a clear intention to take a certain course of action or to enter into a formal agreement. In particular, a letter or other form of [...]...
35. Special Marine Policy Special Marine Policy in International Trade Meaning of Special Marine Policy, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): An insurance policy which is issued to cover a single shipment. The special marine policy form calls for the name of the vessel and sailing [...]...
36. Discount Discount in International Trade Meaning of Discount, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A deduction from an amount due to given consideration of such circumstances as prompt or early payment or an order of unusually large quantity. Selling a receivable or [...]...
37. Letter Of Comfort A statement, usually in letter form, issued by a bank or other commercial entity attesting to the stature, credit worthiness, or reputation of another. The writer of the letter will, however, expressly disclaim any responsibility for the obligations of the subject party. Letters of comfort are comm......
38. Authority To Purchase An instrument used primarily by Far Eastern banks to finance import purchases. The authority-to-purchase instrument resembles, and is often confused with, a letter of credit, although it lacks some of the features of a letter of credit. The authority instrument directs the negotiating (i.e., advisin......
39. Back Letter A letter of indemnity issued by a shipper of cargo to a steamship line to secure issuance of a clean bill of lading where one might not be issued otherwise. For example, a carrier may initially refuse to issue a clean bill of lading for cargo which appears to be damaged; a notation to this [...]...
40. About Definition of About in International Trade The following is a concept of About in the context of international trade law, from the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A letter of credit term meaning plus or minus 10% of whatever immediately follows. The terms approximately [...]...
41. Straight Straight B/L in International Trade Meaning of Straight B/l, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A non-negotiable bill of lading which specifies the consignee to whom the goods are to be delivered. It is used when payment for the goods has been made in [...]...
42. Fund Raising Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
43. Full Tax Exemption For more details on Double Taxation, click here.......
44. Lloyd's Register A publication containing details of the characteristics and construction of various oceangoing vessels. The publication is not produced by Lloyd's Of London (read this and related legal terms for further details), wh......
45. Cargo Insurance Certificate Cargo Insurance Certificate in International Trade Meaning of Cargo Insurance Certificate, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A document indicating the type and amount of insurance coverage in force on a particular shipment. Used to assure the consignee [...]...
46. Green Clause A provision in a letter OF CREDIT (read this and related legal terms for further details) similar to a RED CLAUSE (read this and related legal t......
47. Issuing Bank Issuing Bank in International Trade Meaning of Issuing Bank, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The buyer's bank which establishes a letter of credit at the request of the buyer, in favour of the beneficiary (exporter/seller). Also called buyer's [...]...
48. Foreign Exchange Control Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance International Public Finance...
49. Foreign Exchange Reserve Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance International Public Finance...
50. Full And Down The condition of a vessel that is down to marks, i.e., loaded up to the maximum LOAD-LINE (read this and related legal terms for further details) capacity as well as having all cargo- carrying space fully occupied.......
51. Full Berth Terms Conditions of carriage by water under which the owner of the goods is not responsible for the costs of loading or discharging his cargo to or from the vessel.......
52. Full Terms A promise in an offer to charter a vessel that the owners must accept certain allowances or reductions in addition to normal commissions.......
53. Tax Credit Methods For more details on Double Taxation, click here.......
54. Foreign Tax Credit System A taxing scheme which permits a firm to offset income tax liabilities in its home country by applying sums paid to foreign tax authorities as credits against the domestic tax burden. For example, if an American firm doing business in Canada paid one million dollars in income taxes to the Canadian go......
55. Full Powers in international law Contents Full Powers in international law “Full powers”means a document emanating from the competent authority of a state designating a ... Read more...
56. Full Interest Admitted A stipulation commonly included in open marine insurance policies whereby the insurer admits or accepts without documentary evidence the insurable interest of the policyholder in all merchandise declared and for which a premium is paid.......
57. Full-Bodied Coinage Coins containing precious metal with a market value at least equal to the face value.......
58. Full Powers Full Powers and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Full Powers provided by the European Union Commission: "Full powers" means a document emanating from the competent authority of a state designating a person or persons to represent the state for negotiating, adopting, [...]...
59. Full Container Load Full Container Load in International Trade Meaning of FCL (Full Container Load), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A shipment of sufficient volume or weight to justify the exclusive use if a shipping container....
60. Full Sovereignty Embracing mainstream international law, this section on full sovereignty explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "sovereignty, permanent, full" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International [...]...
61. Full Protection and Security This section provides an overview of full protection and security within the legal context of Minimum Standards in Investment Law in international economic law (Principles). Resources Further Reading J Anthony VanDuzer, "Full Protection and Security," Elgar Encyclopedia of [...]...
62. Full Time Education Resources See Also Legal Education Education Education Law Higher Education Vocational Training Training...
63. Full Time Training Resources See Also Legal Education Education Education Law Higher Education Vocational Training Training...
64. Full Employment Resources See Also Labor Employment Law International Labor Law Industrial Safety Labour Labor Right Labor Policy Employment...
65. Full Time Employment Resources See Also Labor Employment Law International Labor Law Industrial Safety Labour Labor Right Labor Policy Employment...
66. Full Time Worker Resources See Also Labor Employment Law International Labor Law Industrial Safety Labour Labor Right Labor Policy Employment...
67. Full Time Farming Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Agriculture...
68. Full Time Trade Union Officer Resources See Also Trade Unionism Trade Union Chartism Trade Union Legislation...
69. Credit D´impot A tax credit permitted in Belgium to recipients of certain dividend income in recognition that the corporation paying the dividend has been previously taxed upon the income.......
70. Acceptance Credit Acceptance Financing is considered here.......
71. Clean Credit A letter of credit (read this and related legal terms for further details) against which the beneficiary may draw without supplying documents.......
72. Credit Currency Synonymous with Fiduciary Currency (read this and related legal terms for further details).......
73. Credit Method For more details on Double Taxation, click here.......
74. Credit Tranche A lending facility at the International Monetary Fund for nations suffering balance of payments difficulties. Before borrowing in the credit tranche, a nation must have exhausted its gold tranche facility. The gold tranche is equivalent to the amount of gold that a nation has deposited with the IMF,......
75. Letter of Credit A document issued by a commercial bank committing itself to honor drafts drawn in accordance with the terms of the credit. The party to whom the credit is issued is the beneficiary; the party on behalf of whom the bank issues the credit is the applicant. Letters of credit may be issued as [...]...
76. Sight Credit A letter of credit (read this and related legal terms for further details) under which sight drafts shall be drawn.......
77. Sterling Credit A letter of credit (read this and related legal terms for further details) against which bills of exchange are to be drawn in pounds sterling.......
78. Trade Credit Credit granted by nonfinancial firms, usually in the form of short-term deferral of payment of invoices by customers, e.g., account open sales. Also, trade credit represents the purchase of a firm's accounts receivable or trade acceptances.......
79. Usance Credit Also known as a time credit, a Letter of Credit (q. v.) that provides that the drafts drawn under the credit will mature thirty, sixty, or more days, up to nine months, after sight or date. A letter of credit providing for settlement more than nine months from shipment of the goods is normally in t......
80. Clean Letter of Credit Synonymous with CLEAN CREDIT.......
81. Commodity Credit Corporation A Federally chartered corporation controlled by the U.S. government and administered as a part of the Department of Agriculture. In addition to various domestic agricultural stabilization efforts, the CCC administers three foreign sales promotion programs.......
82. Deferred Payment Credit Any letter of CREDIT (read this and related legal terms for further details) that provides for payment to the beneficiary at any point in time later than sight.......
83. Delayed Payment Credit A letter of CREDIT (read this and related legal terms for further details) under which the beneficiary submits his draft after having supplied shipping papers or other documents. This form of letter of credit usually pro......
84. Irrevocable Letter of Credit See Letter of Credit.......
85. Shipper's Credit Agreement An arrangement by which certain conferences grant terms usually fourteen to thirty days, for freight services performed by member carriers. Customarily the shipper provides the CONFERENCE (read this legal term for further details) with bank and cr......
86. Transferable Letter of Credit A Letter Of Credit (read this and related legal terms for further details) that is transferable from the original beneficiary to a subsequent beneficiary. This type of credit is used when the original beneficiary is a br......
87. Unconfirmed Letter of Credit See Letter of Credit.......
88. Foreign Credit Insurance Association An association of fifty U.S. insurance companies that operates in conjunction with the EXPORT-IMPORT bank (read this and related legal terms for further details), or Eximbank, to insure commercial risks associated with e......
89. Bill Of Credit A document requesting or directing the addressee to extend credit to a party stipulated in the letter. The person issuing the letter serves as a guarantor for any credit so extended.......
90. Acknowledgment of Credit Spanish Translation of acknowledgment of creditThis is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to acknowledgment of credit and / or a definition of this topic: Reconocimiento de Créditos (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry)....
91. Credit Spanish Translation of credit This is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to credit and / or a definition of this topic: Haber (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry). Spanish Translation of credit This is the legal translation of English to Spanish in [...]...
92. Credit Risk Contents Credit Risk Credit Risk and Collateralization Credit risk is the danger that a firm will not receive an amount ... Read more...
93. Credit Support Contents Credit Support Credit Support Deed and English and New York Credit Support Annexes Collateral is commonly provided in respect ... Read more...
94. Credit Guarantees Group on Export Credits and Credit Guarantees in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Group on Export Credits and Credit Guarantees: A subgroup of the OECD Trade .Committee,comprising all OECD [...]...
95. Extensions of Credit In the United States For information about Extensions of credit in the context of international trade, click here...
96. Documentary Credit Documentary Credit in International Trade Meaning of Documentary Credit, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Documentary credit means the same thing than "letter of credit". Traders and bankers in some parts of the world (US, Asia) tend to use the [...]...
97. Merchant's Credit Merchant's Credit in International Trade Meaning of Merchant's Credit, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A letter of credit issued by the buyer himself. Contains no commitment whatever on the part of a bank. See letter of credit....
98. Rollover Credit Rollover Credit in International Trade Meaning of Rollover Credit, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Any line of credit that can be borrowed against up to a stated credit limit and into which repayments go for crediting. See letter of credit....
99. Credit Enhancements Literature Review on Credit Enhancements In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Martin J. Luby and Tima T. Moldogaziev provide the following summary about the topic of Credit Enhancements: State and local governments often seek third-party credit enhancement as [...]...
100. Consumer Credit What is Consumer Credit in relation with Consumer Lending This content deals with legal and regulatory aspects of What is Consumer Credit covered in connexion with Consumer Lending and banking / lending Institutions....
101. Credit Applications Credit Applications in relation with Consumer Lending This content deals with legal and regulatory aspects of Credit Applications covered in connexion with Consumer Lending and banking / lending Institutions....
102. Credit Documents Loan or Credit Documents in relation with Consumer Lending This content deals with legal and regulatory aspects of Loan or Credit Documents covered in connexion with Consumer Lending and banking / lending Institutions....
103. Credit Unions Credit Unions regarding Banking Law This content deals with legal and regulatory aspects of Credit Unions covered in connexion with financial law and banking / lending Institutions....
104. Credit Transactions Third-party Legal Opinions in Credit Transactions in relation with Legal Opinions This content deals with legal and regulatory aspects of Third-party Legal Opinions in Credit Transactions covered in connexion with Legal Opinions and banking / lending Institutions....
105. Letters of Credit Letters of Credit regarding Banking Law This content deals with legal and regulatory aspects of Letters of Credit covered in connexion with financial law and banking / lending Institutions....
106. Advice of Credit Description of Advice of Credit Resources See Also Advice Banks Banking...
107. Open Credit Resources See Also Open account Open-end credit plan...
108. Credit Disclosure Resources See Also Annual percentage rate Consumer Credit Protection Act Truth-in-Lending Act...
109. Credit Bureau Resources See Also Credit rating Credit report...
110. Credit Insurance Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance Resources See Also Insurance (Credit insurance)...
111. Credit Line Resources See Also Line (Line of credit)...
112. General Credit Resources See Also General reputation...
113. Agricultural Credit Resources See Also Farming Farm Bill Agricultural Law Agriculture Reform Agriculture...
114. Credit Cooperative Resources See Also Credit Union Cooperative Collective...
115. Credit Union Resources See Also Credit Union Cooperative Collective...
116. Credit Policy Resources See Also Economic Development Social development...
117. Access to Credit Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
118. Credit Control Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
119. Credit Guarantee Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
120. Credit System Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...