Related Entries of the International Encyclopedia:

1. Legitimatized From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Legitimatized (1): And when under a statute a child is legitimatized by acknowledgment or subsequent marriage, the father has the better right to its custody.644Usually there are many provisions in the statutes of the various States [...]...
2. Name Change Name, Change From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Name, Change (1): The name of an ecclesiastical corporation is arbitrary and a change or alteration in its name does not affect its identity.126 A charter will not be granted to a church with a name so like another church [...]...
3. Corporators Corporators, Change From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Corporators, Change (1): In isolated cases here and there it has been held that a majority of the corporators of a religious society has the right to change the form of church government, as from the Congregational [...]...
4. Unincorporated Church Unincorporated Church, Incorporated From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Unincorporated Church, Incorporated (1): The officers of an unincorporated church can only be elected by the members of the church, unless there is some law of the State or rule of the church that [...]...
5. Vested Rights Control, Secede, Vested Rights From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Control, Secede, Vested Rights (1): The officers of a church corporation have control of the business management for all civil purposes, excepting as otherwise provided by the articles of organization, [...]...
6. Name, Record From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Name, Record (1): The author would like to emphasize the importance of correct records. Frequently we find no Christian name given in the records of birth, which practically makes the record worthless. When a child is born it is [...]...
7. Immoral Character Child, Immoral Character From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Child, Immoral Character (1): The school committee in order to maintain purity and discipline, may exclude therefrom a child whom they deem to be of licentious or immoral character, although such character is [...]...
8. Void Devise, Void From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Devise, Void (1): A parent may leave money to a child payable in yearly instalments on condition that said child shall continue to be a member of a particular church and attend the regular meetings thereof, and in case he [...]...
9. Ground Charter, Ground, Members From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Charter, Ground, Members (1): An application for a charter to incorporate a cemetery need not specifically locate the ground.761 The charter or the articles of incorporation, or by-laws made under them, [...]...
10. Pew Members Members, Pew From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Members, Pew (1): Members of the congregation may be required to pay for a pew or sitting in the church, and where a priest ejected a member from the church because he would not rent a pew, he was sustained by the [...]...
11. Illegitimate Mother, Illegitimate, Father From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Mother, Illegitimate, Father (1): The mother has a right to the care and custody of her illegitimate child to the same extent that a parent has to his legitimate child.641The putative father on the [...]...
12. Sale Restrictions Sale, Restrictions From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Sale, Restrictions (1): In some States when not restricted by the laws of the organization the parish corporation may sell the premises in order to pay the church debts. However, it is not a common law right.467 [...]...
13. Contest Contest, Secession From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Contest, Secession (1): In case of a devise to a church which is claimed by two societies, it is the duty of the court to decide in favor of those who adhere to the ecclesiastical government of the church which was in [...]...
14. Curate Curate, Services From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Curate, Services (1): In an action by a curate against a religious corporation for personal services, the court will not inquire into the spiritual relations existing between the parties, but will examine their legal [...]...
15. Personalty Church, Personalty From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Church, Personalty (1): A church removed from its foundation and put on rollers was severed from the realty and became personal property.531 Resources Notes and References Charles M. Scanlan, The Clergyman's [...]...
16. Presumptions Presumptions, Usage From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Presumptions, Usage (1): The usage of a church or the laws of its organization as a religious society, if they are to be considered in deciding legal controversies, must be proved as facts.407 In the absence of [...]...
17. Removing Church, Building, Removing From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Church, Building, Removing (1): Where subscriptions were secured to build a church at a particular place as a memorial to a certain person, a congregation may be enjoined from tearing down the building and [...]...
18. Father Custody, Father From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Custody, Father (1): A husband is entitled to the custody of his wife against her father, and where a son-in-law killed his father-in-law in resisting the latter from taking his daughter out of his (the [...]...
19. Religious Service Business, Religious Service From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Business, Religious Service (1): A church organization has the legal right to make any contract concerning its own affairs that is not prohibited by its by-laws or its charter, subject to all laws of legal [...]...
20. Assessments Cemetery, Assessments From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Cemetery, Assessments (1): Where a lot was bought for the purpose of building a church but was used for a cemetery, and a church was built at another place and the deed to the lot was taken in the name of the [...]...
21. Conscience Bible, Conscience, Constitution From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Bible, Conscience, Constitution (1): The parent of a child expelled from the public school can not maintain an action against the school committee by whose orders it was done. In the same case it was [...]...
22. Arrears Voting, Pew-Rent, Arrears From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Voting, Pew-Rent, Arrears (1): Where a church is incorporated and by its charter or the laws of the State it has authority to make reasonable by-laws, a by-law which prohibits any person from voting whose [...]...
23. Board Control Board, Control From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Board, Control (1): When the laws of the organization give control of matters to the board of trustees, the majority of the members of the church can not control the action of the trustees contrary to the usages and [...]...
24. Secular Local, Secular Matters From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Local, Secular Matters (1): There is still another division of superior and inferior authority: the local corporation or congregation has nothing whatever to do with the doctrinal or disciplinary functions of the [...]...
25. Trust Funds Trust Funds, Account From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Trust Funds, Account (1): Where a member of the church received funds to invest in his own name for the benefit of the church, he will be obliged in a court of equity to give full account for the money and its [...]...
26. Adoption Duties Adoption, Rights, Duties From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Adoption, Rights, Duties (1): Persons of suitable age and circumstances to enter the marital relations, may adopt a child. When a married couple do not unite in adopting a child, the consent of the non-adopting [...]...
27. Blending the Law Constantine, Blending the Law From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Constantine, Blending the Law (1): When Emperor Constantine became a Christian (325 A.D.), there was a great change, and the members of the bar and judges were mostly Christians. It then became necessary [...]...
28. Religious Tests From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Religious Tests (1): The constitution of the United States provides that "no religious test shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public trust under the United States."61 Resources Notes and References [...]...
29. Vacancy Vacancy in Election Law Situation in which a specific position or office is held by no one due to the previous incumbent's death, incapacitation, resignation or dismissal. When this happens, an early election may be held to fill the post. Resources See Also Election Law Electoral Laws [...]...
30. Standard Doctrine, Standard From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Doctrine, Standard (1): To ascertain the tenets and doctrines of a church, resort must be had to history and to prior and contemporary standard writings of its members on theology.31 Resources Notes and References [...]...
31. Parish From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Parish (1): A parish has two meanings. In some States it is a minor division of public territory; but in States where there is no such division of territory, the State using instead "county" or "town," a parish [...]...
32. Virgin Religion, God, Ridicule, Virgin From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Religion, God, Ridicule, Virgin (1): Words vilifying the Christian religion,721 denying God or the final judgment,722 and profane ridicule of the Holy Scriptures or of Christ,723 are usually punishable. [...]...
33. Factions Factions, Authority From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Factions, Authority (1): Where two factions of a church, each claiming to be the church, try members of the other faction, a court may determine which of the factions is the authorized authority or that the action [...]...
34. Official Communication Official Communication, Privileged From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Official Communication, Privileged (1): An official communication between authorities of the church or an authority and a member of the church concerning a church matter or church members and not made [...]...
35. Proper Record From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Proper Record (1): A book kept by a minister, which contained a regular statement in proper form of the admission of members, choice of officers, and transaction of business of the church, which was the only book kept by the parish, is [...]...
36. Sacraments From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Sacraments (1): To publish of a person that he has been deprived of the sacraments of the church to which he belongs, is libelous.692 Resources Notes and References Charles M. Scanlan, The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law. The Law [...]...
37. Studies Parents, Studies, Teacher From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Parents, Studies, Teacher (1): The requirement of a teacher that a scholar in grammar shall write English composition is a reasonable one, and refusal to comply therewith in the absence of a request from his [...]...
38. Disturbance Profane Language, Smoking, Disturbance From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Profane Language, Smoking, Disturbance (1): Rude behavior or profane language if audible,700 smoking in the church or during services,701 cracking and eating nuts in church,702 and fighting near [...]...
39. Religious Society Church, Religious Society From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Church, Religious Society (1): Bouvier's definition of "Church" is: "A society of persons who profess the Christian religion." Chief Justice Shaw's definition is: "The church [...]...
40. School Sunday-School, Church From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Sunday-School, Church (1): An ordinary Sunday-school where the Bible and religious precepts are taught, is a church within the law.707 Resources See Also Credit Union Cooperative Collective Resources Notes and [...]...
41. Possession The Legal History of PossessionThis section provides an overview of Possession ResourcesSee AlsoLegal Biography Legal Traditions Historical Laws History of Law Further Reading Possession in the Oxford International Encyclopedia of Legal History (Oxford University Press) The Oxford Encyclopedia [...]...
42. Incorporation Incorporation, Evidence From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Incorporation, Evidence (1): The certificate of incorporation or charter of a religious society or a certified copy thereof from the public record, is the proper evidence thereof.115 Secondary evidence and [...]...
43. Juror Procedure, Judge, Juror, Witness From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Procedure, Judge, Juror, Witness (1): If there are no rules of procedure prescribed by the church tribunal, the proper practice is to follow the State courts; as, for example, where the State law [...]...
44. Vest Burned, Revert, Vested From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Burned, Revert, Vested (1): The fact that a church on lands donated to the parish, on condition of sustaining the church, burned down, the title did not revert to the grantor's heirs.524 Also land granted a [...]...
45. Aid Aid, Contracts From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Aid, Contracts (1): Under the constitution of the United States, Congress cannot make appropriations for nor give aid to any denomination. Also, similar provisions are in many of the constitutions of the States. However, [...]...
46. Ecclesiastical Court "Benefit of the Clergy," Ecclesiastical Court From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about "Benefit of the Clergy," Ecclesiastical Court (1): As the old Roman Empire decayed and its power waned, the new one, "The Holy Roman Empire," gradually [...]...
47. Funeral Expenses From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Funeral Expenses (1): Witnesses' opinions as to the reasonable amount for burial or as to the cost of a funeral being reasonable, are not binding on a court or jury. The station of a man, the property that he leaves, the life that [...]...
48. Purposes Purposes, Exempt From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Purposes, Exempt (1): Only church property that is actually used for church or charitable purposes, is exempt from taxation. Property held for its increase or profit is not exempt.587 Land bought for a church on which [...]...
49. Clergymen Clergymen, Citizens From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Clergymen, Citizens (1): Clergymen residing in an incorporated town are not exempt from the performance of any duties required of citizens, unless such exemption is given by statute.172 Resources Notes and [...]...
50. Doctrine Doctrine, Constitution From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Doctrine, Constitution (1): A church in law is a mere fraternal organization. It may or may not have a written constitution, but it must have some central doctrine as its foundation or constitution.25 Many of the [...]...
51. Facilities Facilities, the Constitution From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Facilities, the Constitution (1): So long as abundant facilities are given for the education of all the children of a district, it is not a violation of the constitution of the United States to keep negro [...]...
52. Merits Expelled, Merits From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Expelled, Merits (1): Mandamus can not be resorted to to restore a member regularly expelled from his church, as a court will not inquire into the merits of the case.219 Resources Notes and References Charles M. [...]...
53. Right of Property Right of Property, Civil Rights From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Right of Property, Civil Rights (1): Where there are several church tribunals one above another, when the highest tribunal having jurisdiction of the case has decided a question as to the right of [...]...
54. Special Purpose Special Purpose, Suit From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Special Purpose, Suit (1): When money is subscribed for a special purpose, as for rebuilding a church, it belongs to the church organization; and in a suit to recover the money the action should be brought in the [...]...
55. Manumission The Legal History of ManumissionThis section provides an overview of Manumission ResourcesSee AlsoLegal Biography Legal Traditions Historical Laws History of Law Further Reading Manumission in the Oxford International Encyclopedia of Legal History (Oxford University Press) The Oxford [...]...
56. Excommunication Major Excommunication From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Major Excommunication (1): As excommunication non tolerati affects the rights of citizenship, it is not lawful in England nor the United States. To say that A. has been excommunicated in any form, if untrue, is [...]...
57. Forfeiture of Membership From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Forfeiture of Membership (1): Any member may forfeit his membership in a church.246 Resources Notes and References Charles M. Scanlan, The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law. The Law of Church and Grave (1909), Benziger Brothers, New [...]...
58. Name Name, Bequest, Corporation From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Name, Bequest, Corporation (1): A mistake in a name does not render a bequest or a gift void if the person intended can be identified.566 Also, a devise may be made to a corporation not yet organized and when [...]...
59. Parochial Schools Parent, Education, State, Parochial Schools From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Parent, Education, State, Parochial Schools (1): The right of the parent to use judgment as to the proper necessaries of his child, including board, lodging, and education, is generally [...]...
60. Relation Pastor, Parish, Relation From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Pastor, Parish, Relation (1): When a clergyman's connection with a church had been duly dissolved, he ceased to be pastor of the church and an arrangement with the parish to retain his relation as pastor of [...]...
61. Sewing Sewing Circle, Money From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Sewing Circle, Money (1): A church may maintain an action against a sewing circle to require it to pay over money collected for the benefit of the church.317 Resources Notes and References Charles M. Scanlan, [...]...
62. Undertaker Sexton, Undertaker, Authorities From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Sexton, Undertaker, Authorities (1): The sexton who has charge of the church property may lawfully remove from the church an undertaker who, after being warned to desist and leave, persists in conducting [...]...
63. Unmarried White, Unmarried From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about White, Unmarried (1): Before the adoption of the fourteenth amendment it was necessary in most States that in addition to the child being under twenty-one years of age, he must be of white blood and unmarried.635 In [...]...
64. Bequests Corporations, Bequests From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Corporations, Bequests (1): Foreign religious corporations may be entitled to recover bequests made to them in some States; but the general rule is that a foreign religious society has no better right to take [...]...
65. Councils Member, Officer, Councils From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Member, Officer, Councils (1): But slanderous or libelous statements made concerning a person not a member of the church or made concerning a member of the church to another member who is not either an officer [...]...
66. Legal Notice Notice, Legal From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Notice, Legal (1): All the proceedings of a corporation, including notice, must be in accordance with the constitution and by-laws, and no business transacted contrary thereto is legal.129 Resources Notes and References [...]...
67. Lot Isolated Lot Isolated, Not Exempt From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Lot Isolated, Not Exempt (1): A lot isolated from the other property of the church of a congregation, is not exempt because the congregation intends to build a church thereon in the future, and actually did [...]...
68. Misuse Perversion, Misuse, Suit From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Perversion, Misuse, Suit (1): Unless there is substantial departure from the purpose of the trust which amounts to a perversion of it, a court of equity will not interfere to prevent the misuse or abuse of a [...]...
69. Seceders "Church," Seceders, Debt From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about "Church," Seceders, Debt (1): Where a religious society amended its constitution as provided therein, those who adhered to the amended constitution constituted the"church," and [...]...
70. Soldiers Tombstones, Soldiers From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Tombstones, Soldiers (1): The United States will erect tombstones at the graves of soldiers who served in the Civil War, in all cemeteries where their graves are unmarked. Wherever the United States has [...]...
71. Trustees Trustees, Disqualified From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Trustees, Disqualified (1): The trustees of a church who have been excommunicated are not thereby disqualified in law to act as trustees.241 Resources Notes and References Charles M. Scanlan, The [...]...
72. Canons of the Church Leave to Purchase, Title, Canons of the Church From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Leave to Purchase, Title, Canons of the Church (1): A congregation wanted to buy a church and priest's house, but the archbishop refused leave to purchase, but granted permission to [...]...
73. Lots Subscription, Lots From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Subscription, Lots (1): Any one may convey title to a church as his part of the subscription by merely marking it on a plat made by him, as lots donated to such church.463 Resources Notes and References Charles [...]...
74. Parishioner From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Parishioner (1): A parishioner must be defined in harmony with the meaning of the word "parish."53 Resources Notes and References Charles M. Scanlan, The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law. The Law of Church and Grave [...]...
75. Priesthood Priesthood, Discipline From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Priesthood, Discipline (1): The inferior authority in the Church may be said to be in the priesthood, whose rights and duties are fixed by the canon law, but who are still further subject to the reasonable [...]...
76. Removal Removal, Suspension, Trial From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Removal, Suspension, Trial (1): In the United States under the laws and discipline of the Catholic Church a priest may be removed from the charge of a congregation at the pleasure of the bishop, without [...]...
77. Restrictions In the United States For information about Restrictions in the context of international trade, click here...
78. Certificate of Election From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Certificate of Election (1): A certificate of election of officers is prima facie evidence thereof, but the truth may be shown aliunde and a wrong certificate may be cancelled by a judgment of a competent court on a writ of quo warranto [...]...
79. Controversy Controversy, Tribunal, Decision From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Controversy, Tribunal, Decision (1): When the clergyman and his parishioners submit a controversy to an ecclesiastical tribunal, the decision, if not impeached for good cause, is justification in the [...]...
80. Insubordination Insubordination, Expulsion, Hearing From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Insubordination, Expulsion, Hearing (1): The authorities in the church, under its rules and discipline, have a right to exclude members in the church, for insubordination.247 If the church has no [...]...
81. Mandamus Injunction, Mandamus, Sepulture From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Injunction, Mandamus, Sepulture (1): An injunction will not be granted to prevent the expulsion of a member contrary to the charter and by-laws of the denomination; but if a member be expelled without [...]...
82. Pew Rights Catholic Church, Pew Rights From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Catholic Church, Pew Rights (1): In the Catholic Church, by the canon law, the ownership in or control over a pew is forbidden to laymen. Notwithstanding that, if the party holding the title violates the [...]...
83. Quit-Claim Condition, Quit-Claim From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Condition, Quit-Claim (1): After conveying land upon a specified condition, the grantor then gave a quit-claim deed, and the court held that that relieved the grant from the condition.512 Resources Notes and [...]...
84. Revert Abandoned, Revert From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Abandoned, Revert (1): Land granted to trustees and their successors forever in trust to erect a Methodist church, according to its rules and discipline, which was used for such church for a long time and then [...]...
85. Sale in Perpetuity Trustees, Sale in Perpetuity From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Trustees, Sale in Perpetuity (1): Without authority of law the trustees of a church can not make an absolute sale in perpetuity of a pew without any reservation of rent.431 The sale of a pew in a church [...]...
86. Guardianship Estates, Guardianship From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Estates, Guardianship (1): Besides the jurisdiction already referred to, the ecclesiastical court had jurisdiction over the settlement of estates and the guardianship of children, which varied in different [...]...
87. Donation The Legal History of Donation (Gift) This section provides an overview of Donation (Gift) Donation, Hostile, Religion From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Donation, Hostile, Religion (1): On the other hand the United States Supreme Court declared the legal right of donees [...]...
88. Burial Faith, Burial From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Faith, Burial (1): Whether a person died in the faith of the Roman Catholic Church so as to be entitled to burial in its cemetery, is not a question within the jurisdiction of civil courts, but must be decided by the [...]...
89. Inherits Inherits, Right From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Inherits, Right (1): Where a son inherits from his father the right to burial in a cemetery lot, he has the right to remove and inter therein the bodies of his grandmother and sister who had been buried elsewhere.776 [...]...
90. Office Office, God From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Office, God (1): The constitutions of Arkansas, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Texas, prohibit a man from holding office who denies the existence of a Supreme Being; and the constitutions of Delaware, [...]...
91. Secular Courts Remedies, Secular Courts From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Remedies, Secular Courts (1): In cases involving church doctrine and discipline only, all remedies within the church must be exhausted by a member before the secular courts will interfere, if they will [...]...
92. Christian Scientist From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Christian Scientist (1): A law requiring a person to be a physician to treat the sick, is constitutional; and the defense of a person who has no license to practise, that he is a Christian Scientist, is not good. Also, a parent must [...]...
93. Christian Thomasius The Legal History of Christian Thomasius This section provides an overview of Christian Thomasius Christian Thomasius (1655–1728): Life and Work Within the context of international law, this section explores the context, historical significance and the main work of Christian Thomasius [...]...
94. Christian Von Wolff The Legal History of Christian von Wolff This section provides an overview of Christian von Wolff Christian von Wolff (1676–1756): Life and Work Within the context of international law, this section explores the context, historical significance and the main work of Christian von Wolff [...]...
95. Christian Democracy Christian Democracy and Europe There is an entry on christian democracy in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Christian Democracy" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", by Rodney Leach [...]...
96. Jan Christian Smuts Jan Christian Smuts (1870–1950): Life and Work Within the context of international law, this section explores the context, historical significance and the main work of Jan Christian Smuts (1870–1950). Resources Further Reading The entry "smuts, jan christian (1870–1950)" in the [...]...
97. Charter Charter, document conferring rights or privileges on an individual or a group of people. The term originally applied to a written conveyance of land titles, often between private parties. In this sense the word now used is deed. The term charter is used to describe a grant of land or special [...]...
98. Church and State Political Theory: Church and State Introduction to Church and State Important shifts of emphasis have usually been related to the challenges of concrete historical and social problems. In the Middle Ages, for example, much political writing dealt with the outstanding political issue ......
99. Church The Legal History of Church and State in United States Law This section provides an overview of Church and State in United States Law Church, Religious Society From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Church, Religious Society (1): A church in one sense is more limited than a [...]...
100. Challenge Introduction Challenge (O. Fr. chalonge, calenge, etc., from Lat. calumnia, originally meaning trickery, from calvi, to deceive, hence a false accusation, a “calumny”), originally a charge against a person or a claim to anything, a defiance. The term is now particularly used of an invitation [...]...
101. Charge Trustees, Thanks, Charge From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Trustees, Thanks, Charge (1): Where trustees have taken care of funds without charge, the only entry kept being a vote of thanks from time to time, they could not afterward charge a commission on the moneys [...]...
102. Charitable Institution From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Charitable Institution (1): An institution that limits its benefactions to the members of a particular denomination is, in the absence of a statute to the contrary, a charitable institution.604 This rule has exceptions.605 Resources [...]...
103. Charitable Trust Charitable Trust, Cy-Pres From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Charitable Trust, Cy-Pres (1): Equity will not allow a charitable trust to fail for want of a trustee, but will appoint one.583 The doctrine of cy-pres as applied to charitable gifts and trusts, is not in force [...]...
104. Charity Institutions Charity, Institutions From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Charity, Institutions (1): To determine what is a charitable trust, devise, or gift, it is necessary to particularly bear in mind the most comprehensive definition of charity. Legacies for schools, churches, [...]...
105. Charter By-Laws Charter, By-Laws From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Charter, By-Laws (1): When the charter or by-laws of a church corporation provide that they may be altered, such changes may, after the execution and delivery of a deed, immediately adhere to the title.460 Resources [...]...
106. Chastisement Chastisement, Cruel From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Chastisement, Cruel (1): The chastisement of a scholar by the schoolmaster must not be excessive or cruel, but it should be reasonably proportioned to the offense and within the bounds of moderation.632 Resources [...]...
107. Christians Church, Christians, Religion From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Church, Christians, Religion (1): The missions established in California prior to its admission into the Union were, in law, practically independent organizations and had no legal connection with the [...]...
108. Church Inferior Authority In relation to religious matters, find out about Church Inferior Authority and the following issues in this world legal Encyclopedia: Exemptions, Clergy Minister, Contributions, Deposed Fees, Usages, Excess Salary, Fees Clergyman, Salary Curate, Services Minister, Dismissal, Money Advanced ...
109. Church Property In relation to religious matters, find out about Church Property and the following issues in this world legal Encyclopedia: Unincorporated, Trustee Charter, By-Laws Suits, Corporation, Members Deed, Court, Title Subscription, Lots Misnomer, Identity Adverse Possession, Color of Title ...
110. Church Record Church Record, Excommunication From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Church Record, Excommunication (1): An entry of a church record that "A report raised and circulated by A. B. against Brother C., stating that he made him pay a note twice, and proved by A. B. as [...]...
111. Church Records Marriage, Death, Baptism, Birth, Church Records From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Marriage, Death, Baptism, Birth, Church Records (1): The church records duly kept in accordance with the discipline of the church, are admissible in evidence to prove marriage, death, and [...]...
112. Church Salaries Church, Bishop, Debts, Salary of a Priest From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Church, Bishop, Debts, Salary of a Priest (1): Where a church is not itself liable because it is not incorporated, the Roman Catholic bishop of the diocese is not personally liable for moneys [...]...
113. Church Superior Authority In relation to religious matters, find out about Church Superior Authority and the following issues in this world legal Encyclopedia: Protestant, Ministers, Bishop Roman Catholic Church, Pope, Bishops, Delegated Bishop, Discipline, Clergy Local, Secular Matters Unincorporated, Authority [...]...
114. Church Tribunal Church Tribunal, Courts From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Church Tribunal, Courts (1): Courts are reluctant to interfere in the church doctrine or discipline or inquire into the regularity of the proceedings of the church tribunal. When such tribunal has deposed a [...]...
115. Church Tribunals In relation to religious matters, find out about Church Tribunals and the following issues in this world legal Encyclopedia: Jurisdiction, Privileges Trial, Property, Priest Doubt, Legal Rights Bishop, Priest, Redress Trial, Counsel Removal, Suspension, Trial Charges, Fair Trial, Hearsay Evidence ...
116. Churches Schools, Cemeteries, Churches From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Schools, Cemeteries, Churches (1): In Oklahoma there are schools provided for them. When a tribe cedes 160 acres to the United States, it will give it a school for ten years, and as much longer as it deems [...]...
117. Churchs Church, Majority, Change From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Church, Majority, Change (1): When property is conveyed to a church having a well-known doctrine, faith, and practice, a majority of the members has not the authority or power by reason of a change of religious [...]...
118. Christianity Resources See Also Religion Freedom of Religion Morality Religious Law...
119. Charter of the United Nations 2 Contents Charter of the United Nations     CHAPTER I PURPOSES AND PRINCIPLES Article 1 The Purposes of the United ... Read more...
120. Charter of the United Nations 8 Contents Charter of the United Nations   CHAPTER XVI MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS Article 102 1. Every treaty and every international agreement ... Read more...