Related Entries of the International Encyclopedia:

1. Certificate Receipt Forwarder's Certificate Receipt in International Trade Meaning of FCR (Forwarder's Certificate Receipt), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A receipt for shipped goods tendered by a carrier (such as a dock receipt, or marine, air or ground transport [...]...
2. Marine Cargo Insurance Marine Cargo Insurance in International Trade Meaning of Marine Cargo Insurance, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Insurance covering loss of, or damage to, goods at sea. Marine insurance typically compensates the owner of merchandise for losses in excess [...]...
3. Insurance Broker Insurance Broker in International Trade Meaning of Insurance Broker, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): An individual or firm who represents buyers of insurance and deals with insurance companies or their agents in arranging for insurance coverage for the [...]...
4. Piggyback Distribution Piggyback Distribution in International Trade Meaning of Piggyback Distribution, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Piggyback is a form of distribution in foreign markets in which a SME company (the "rider"), deals with a larger company (the [...]...
5. Declared Value for Carriage Declared Value For Carriage in International Trade Meaning of Declared Value For Carriage, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The value of goods declared to the carrier by the shipper for the purposes of determining charges, or of establishing the limit of [...]...
6. Foul Transport Document Foul Transport Document in International Trade Meaning of Foul Transport Document, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A receipt for shipped hoods tendered by a carrier (such as a dock receipt), or marine, air or ground transport document) that indicates [...]...
7. Delay Clause Delay Clause in International Trade Meaning of Delay Clause, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): An insurance policy clause that excludes claims for loss of market and for loss, damage or deterioration arising from delay. This exclusion appears in almost [...]...
8. Shipper Shipper in International Trade Meaning of Shipper, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): As the party who contracts for carriage, the party who enters in a contract of carriage with a carrier and pays the carrier is in a position to give the carrier handling [...]...
9. Insurance Premium Insurance Premium in International Trade Meaning of Insurance Premium, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The amount paid to an insurance company for coverage under an insurance policy....
10. Cover Note Cover Note in International Trade Meaning of Cover Note, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Document issued by insurance company or insurance brokers instead of insurance policies or insurance certificates, which serves as proof of usual insurance [...]...
11. Strikes, Riots and Civil Commotion Clause Strikes, Riots and Civil Commotion Clause in International Trade Meaning of Strikes, Riots and Civil Commotion Clause (SRCC), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): An insurance clause referring to loss or damage directly caused by strikers, locked-out workmen, [...]...
12. Concealed Damage Concealed Damage in International Trade Meaning of Concealed Damage, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): In shipping damage to the contents of a package which is in good order externally. See also inherent vice....
13. Export Credit Insurance Export Credit Insurance in International Trade Meaning of Export Credit Insurance, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Special insurance coverage for exporters to protect against non payment by the importer (coverage may extend to certain other risks, [...]...
14. Cost, Insurance and Freight (CIF) Cost, Insurance and Freight in International Trade Meaning of Cif Cost, Insurance and Freight, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): In this Incoterms, the seller has the same obligations as under CFR but with the addition hat he has to procure marine [...]...
15. CIP Carriage and Insurance Paid To CIP Carriage and Insurance Paid to in International Trade Meaning of Cip Carriage and Insurance Paid to, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): In Incoterms CIP, the seller has the same obligations as under CPT (Carriage Paid to) terms, but with the addition [...]...
16. Bordereau Bordereau in International Trade Meaning of Bordereau, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A method of reporting shipments to an insurance company under an open insurance policy. An insurance form similar to a declaration, which provides for insurance [...]...
17. Vocc Vocc in International Trade Meaning of Vocc, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Vessel operating common carrier is a company that operates its own vessels. See also NVOCC....
18. Inherent Vice A latent defect in a product that causes damage to it, renders it useless, or otherwise inflicts an economic loss that is limited to the item itself. Insurance policies do not respond for losses attributable to inherent vice.......
19. Container Rental Surcharge Container Rental Surcharge in International Trade Meaning of Container Rental Surcharge, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): An additional fee for the use of a carrier's container, usually charged only for destinations with little outward cargo volume or [...]...
20. Contract Manufacturing Contract Manufacturing in International Trade Meaning of Contract Manufacturing, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Contract manufacturing in international markets is used in situations when one company arranges for another company in a different country to [...]...
21. Export Contract Export Contract in International Trade Meaning of Export Contract, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The export contract is used for the international sale of certain products (industrial supplies, raw materials, manufactured goods), which are projected [...]...
22. Freight Rate LCL/fcl in International Trade Meaning of LCL/fcl, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A way of quoting container freight rates in which the carrier agrees to pack the container at the outset (LCL) but unpacking at destination must be carried out by the [...]...
23. Binder Summary of Binder A temporary, often abbreviated document evidencing that insurance coverage has been effected. A binder is an interim measure until the full policy is prepared.(Main Author: William J. Miller) Binder in International Trade Meaning of Binder, according to the [...]...
24. Checker An employee of a steamship line or stevedoring firm responsible for the examination of cargo delivered to the pier for onward transport. Routinely, the checker ascertains the count and condition of the goods so delivered and issues a receipt for same, noting the date and time of delivery.......
25. Hamburg Rules A proposed international convention dealing with carrier liability for loss or damage to cargo transported by sea. Known formally as the United Nations Convention on the Carriage of Goods by Sea 1978, the convention was the product of a conference held at Hamburg, Federal Republic of [...]...
26. Insurance Certificate Insurance Certificate in International Trade Meaning of Insurance Certificate, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A document used so that coverage is provided to cover loss or damage to cargo while in transit when insurance is placed against an open marine [...]...
27. Kompass Kompass in International Trade Meaning of Kompass, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Kompass is the leading online global business directory with nearly 4 million registered businesses in 60 countries. The search can be done by country, product or company [...]...
28. Contingency Insurance Contingency Insurance in International Trade Meaning of Contingency Insurance, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Insurance coverage taken out by a party to an international transaction to insure against insurance coverage taken by the counterparty. The [...]...
29. Freight Summary of Freight The earnings that a carrier derives from the carriage of merchandise. Freight should not be confused with cargo, which is the merchandise itself. Also, the term freight is used to represent payment made by a charterer to the vessel's owner for use of a ship under a [...]...
30. Premium Spanish Translation of premiumThis is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to premium and / or a definition of this topic: Prima (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry)....
31. Dock Receipt A document used at some ports to acknowledge delivery of cargo to a pier for shipment aboard a given vessel. The format of a dock receipt often resembles that of a bill of lading and contains substantially the same information concerning the cargo; it is signed and/or stamped by the stevedore [...]...
32. Average Highest Average Method in Constitutional Law From the Comparative Constitutions Project: The highest averages method is one way of allocating seats proportionally for representative assemblies with party list voting systems. The highest averages method requires the number of votes for each [...]...
33. Surveyor Surveyor in International Trade Meaning of Surveyor, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): An individual or company that acting as an independent third-party expert examines and ascertains the condition of goods or transport equipment (specially ships). [...]...
34. Time Bar Time Bar in International Trade Meaning of Time Bar, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A limit in time as to when an action may be taken, such as claiming against a carrier for transit-related damage....
35. House Airway Bill House Airway Bill (Hawb) in International Trade Meaning of House Airway Bill (hawb), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A bill of lading issued by a freight forwarder for consolidated air freights shipments. In documentary letter of credit transactions [...]...
36. Insurance Coverage Insurance Coverage in International Trade Meaning of Insurance Coverage, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The total amount of insurance that is carried....
37. Multimodal Transport Operator Multimodal Transport Operator (MTO) in International Trade Meaning of Multimodal Transport Operator (MTO), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A carrier who concludes multimodal transport contracts; i.e., contract involving transport by more than one mode of [...]...
38. CFS CFS Charge in International Trade Meaning of Cfs Charge, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The charge assessed for services performed at the origin or destination for loading or unloading of cargo into/from containers at a CFS Container Freight Station....
39. Unfair Calling Insurance Unfair Calling Insurance in International Trade Meaning of Unfair Calling Insurance, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Insurance coverage to protect principals who have issued demand guarantees or bonds against an unfair or abusive call of the [...]...
40. Wharfinger Wharfinger in International Trade Meaning of Wharfinger, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Personnel in charge of receiving and registering goods in a port on behalf of the carrier. The wharfinger's signature of the shipping note assures the shipper [...]...
41. Credit Risk Insurance Credit Risk Insurance in International Trade Meaning of Credit Risk Insurance, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Insurance designed to cover risks of nonpayment for delivered goods....
42. Detention Charges Detention Charges in International Trade Meaning of Detention Charges, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Charges assessed by a carrier against the consignor or consignee as compensation for holding a carrier driver and/or trailer beyond a certain stated [...]...
43. Warsaw Convention The benefit to the shipper in using a Warsaw Convention air waybill is that the shipper does not have to prove that the carrier caused the injury to any lost, damaged, or delayed goods. The shipper has to make a claim within seven days when the bills are governed by the Warsaw Convention and [...]...
44. Insurance Policy Spanish Translation of insurance policyThis is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to insurance policy and / or a definition of this topic: Póliza de Seguro (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry)....
45. Claimant Claimant in International Trade Meaning of Claimant, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A party presenting a demand for compensation, such as against a carrier or insurer. Resources See Also Claim Plaintiff...
46. Limited Company Limitada (ltda.) in International Trade Meaning of Limitada (ltda.), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): In Brazil and Portugal, designation for a private limited liability corporation with limited liability to shareholders....
47. War Risk Insurance War Risk Insurance in International Trade Meaning of War Risk Insurance, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Insurance coverage against war risks as outlined in detail in some dozen rather than specific paragraphs of an insurance policy. The policy [...]...
48. Certificate of Radioactivity Certificate of Radioactivity in International Trade Meaning of Certificate of Radioactivity, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Some countries require, especially for food products, a certificate proving that they do not contain radioactive substances, [...]...
49. Shipment Received For Shipment B/L in International Trade Meaning of Received For Shipment B/L, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A bill of lading which confirms the receipt of goods by the carrier, but not their actual loading on board. This document can be [...]...
50. Carmack Amendment The common name for the carrier liability provisions of the Hepburn Act of 1906 (49 U.S.C. Sec. 20[11]) by which the Interstate Commerce Act was amended to restrict efforts by certain common carriers to limit their liability for loss and damage of merchandise in transit. The amendment provides that ......
51. Special Cargo Policy A marine cargo policy issued to cover a specific shipment. A special policy may be issued when the shipper infrequently transports goods by water, or when the merchandise is so unusual or so valuable as to warrant a special policy. Frequent shippers customarily obtain an Open Policy (...
52. Holding Company Holding Company in International Trade Meaning of Holding Company, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Holding companies are corporations that are created for the sole purpose of obtaining and managing a controlling interest in other companies. There are [...]...
53. Subsidiary Subsidiary or Subordinate Election Management Body in Election Law An Election Management Body (EMB) that is not the primary or principal entity responsible for the organisation of elections within a given state. It may be regional or local. Subsidiary in International Trade Meaning of [...]...
54. Insurable Interest An interest such that, should an insured peril occur, the insured party would suffer an economic loss.......
55. Freight Collect Freight Collect in International Trade Meaning of Freight Collect, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A shipping arrangement whereby the carrier collects its freight charges from the consignee rather than from the shipper. This usually happens when the [...]...
56. Freight Prepaid Freight Prepaid in International Trade Meaning of Freight Prepaid, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A shipping arrangement whereby the carrier is paid its freight charges by the shipper rather than by the consignee. This usually happens when the contract [...]...
57. Parent Company Parent Company in International Trade Meaning of Parent Company, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A parent company, sometimes called a holding company, is a corporation that has subsidiaries which are wholly or partially-owned separate businesses [...]...
58. Trademark License Agreement Trademark License Agreement in International Trade Meaning of Trademark License Agreement, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): In a Trademark licence agreement the proprietor (Licensor) of a registered trademark gives authorization to another company [...]...
59. Certificate of Health Certificate of Health in International Trade Meaning of Certificate of Health, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Some countries require a health or sanitary certificate when animals, animal products, fish, plants, and food products are skilled. These [...]...
60. On-deck On-deck in International Trade Meaning of On-deck, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A notation on marine transportations documents that the shipped cargo was loaded on the deck of the carrying vessel as opposed to within the ship's hold ("under [...]...
61. Clean Bill of Lading Clean Bill of Lading in International Trade Meaning of Clean Bill of Lading, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A bill of lading indicating that goods were received in apparent good order and condition. A clean bill is one in which contains no notations of [...]...
62. Loading Summary of Loading A risk premium in addition to interest charges and acceptance fees deducted by a bank or discount house from the face value of a bill of exchange (read here for further details) presented for discounting. This additional margin will vary, depending upon the quality of the [...]...
63. Notify Party Notify Party in International Trade Meaning of Notify Party, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The party to which a carrier should send notice of a shipment's arrival. This information is normally shown on the transport document or its electronic [...]...
64. Clean Transport Document Clean Transport Document in International Trade Meaning of Clean Transport Document, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A receipt for goods without any adverse notation indicating damage or shortage, issued by a carrier. Goods covered by clean transport [...]...
65. Corporation Sociedad Anónima (s.a.) in International Trade Meaning of Sociedad Anónima (s.a.), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): In Spain, México and Latin America designation for a joint stock company with limited personal to shareholders. See [...]...
66. Delivery Note Delivery Note in International Trade Meaning of Delivery Note, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The delivery note is a document that certifies the delivery of goods to the buyer, who must sign it to make it clear that the goods have been delivered in [...]...
67. Managing Director Managing Director in International Trade Meaning of Managing Director, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A managing director is someone who is responsible for the daily operations of a company, organization, or corporate division. In some countries, the [...]...
68. Carrier Summary of Carrier A firm engaged in the business of transporting persons or goods for profit. Railroads, trucking companies, airlines, and steamship operators are examples of carriers. Carriers can be divided into three categories: the private carrier moves only its own goods or those of [...]...
69. Common Carrier Read Carrier as cross-reference......
70. Term Limit Term Limit in Constitutional LawFrom the Comparative Constitutions Project: This is the limit on the number of terms granted to a government official....
71. Speed Limit Exceeding the Speed Limit: International Incident In the book "International Incidents for Discussion in Conversation Classes", in relation to terminox, L. Oppenheim wrote in 1909: In 1904 Mr. Gurney, secretary of the British Legation at Washington, was brought before the police [...]...
72. Exposure Limit Resources See Also Working Condition Working Time Occupational Health Work Environment Labor Law Legal Working Age...
73. Territorial Waters Three-Mile Limit Introduction to Territorial Waters Three-Mile Limit With respect to territorial waters on the coast of a nation, the theory of international law formerly was that the jurisdiction of such a nation extended along its coast for 3 nautical mi (5.556 km) from the low-water mark. The theory was ......
74. Carrier's Certificate A document issued by a steamship line, an airline, or other transportation company carrying imported merchandise certifying to the customs authorities that the party named is the legitimate recipient of the goods and is authorized to effect clearance through customs (see figure). The party so named ......
75. Clean Product Carrier A tank vessel that transports only refined petroleum products, such as gasoline or kerosene, as contrasted with a ship which carries crude petroleum.......
76. Conference Carrier A steamship line that is a member of a Conference (read this legal term for further details).......
77. Straddle Carrier A self-propelled vehicle which lifts a container within its own framework. The device is commonly used at port facilities and container yards.......
78. Bulk Carrier Bulk Carrier in International Trade Meaning of Bulk Carrier, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A vessel specifically designed to transport bulk cargo. There are two types of bulk carriers: those designed to transport dry bulk cargo such as grain or coal, [...]...
79. Flag Carrier Flag Carrier in International Trade Meaning of Flag Carrier, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A vessel registered under the flag of a particular country. Some counties support their merchant marine industry by limiting certain types of cargo to vessel [...]...
80. Free Carrier (FCA) Free Carrier in International Trade Meaning of FCA (Free Carrier), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): In Incoterms FCA the seller fulfils his obligation to deliver when he has handed over the goods, cleared for export, into the charge of the carrier [...]...
81. Inland Carrier Inland Carrier in International Trade Meaning of Inland Carrier, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A transportation line that hauls export and import traffic between ports and airports and inland points....
82. Capital Market Liability Capital Market Liability in Private International Law This section contain conflict of laws information and cross references related to capital market liability on some major countries and additional jurisdictions. It covers key issues involved when citizens face international situations. [...]...
83. Admitted Carrier An insurance company that is admitted, i.e., licensed to do business, in a given jurisdiction.......
84. Bridge Carrier A railroad that neither originates nor delivers a given lot of cargo; an intermediate carrier.......
85. Certificated Airline Carrier An airline which has been issued a certificate of public convenience AND NECESSITY (read this and related legal terms for further details) by competent governmental authority to operate airline service over prescribed ro......
86. Independent Carrier A steamship line that is not a member of the Conference (read this legal term for further details) over a given trade route.......
87. National Flag Carrier A common car RIER (read this and related legal terms for further details)-usually a steamship line or an airline- that bears its country's flag and is viewed in the trading community as representing the commercial in......
88. Nonconference Carrier A steamship line that is not a member of the Conference (read this legal term for further details) over a given trade route.......
89. Ultralarge Crude Carrier A tanker exceeding three hundred thousand deadweight tons.......
90. Charterer's Liability The legal liability assumed by the charterer of a vessel. By law, the charterer may be construed as owner of the ship and as such may be liable for damage or injury caused by the chartered vessel. The charterer of a vessel usually offsets this exposure through the purchase of a charterer's liabi......
91. Collective Liability The Legal History of Collective LiabilityThis section provides an overview of Collective Liability ResourcesSee AlsoLegal Biography Legal Traditions Historical Laws History of Law Further Reading Collective Liability in the Oxford International Encyclopedia of Legal History (Oxford University [...]...
92. Criminal Liability Spanish Translation of criminal liabilityThis is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to criminal liability and / or a definition of this topic: Responsabilidad Penal (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry)....
93. Joint and Several Liability Joint and Several Liability in International Trade Meaning of Joint and Several Liability, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Liability for damages imposed on two or more individuals or legal entities who are responsible together and individually, allowing [...]...
94. Limited Liability Limited Liability in International Trade Meaning of Limited Liability, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A situation whereby the liability of a party within the company is limited to some extent. There are many forms of limited liability companies. For [...]...
95. Contingent Liability Resources See Also Contingent claim Contingent debt...
96. Corporate Liability Resources See Also Piercing the corporate veil...
97. Limited Liability Company Gmbh (Gesellschaft Mit Beschränker Haftung) in Company Law Meaning of Gmbh (Gesellschaft Mit Beschränker Haftung), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): In German speaking countries (Austria, Germany, Switzerland) a designation for a private limited [...]...
98. Civil Liability Acts Resources See Also Dram Shop Acts...
99. Convention on International Liability for Damage Caused by Space Objects Contents Convention on International Liability for Damage Caused by Space Objects   ENTERED INTO FORCE: 1 September 1972 The States ... Read more...
100. Convention on International Liability for Damage Caused by Space Objects 3 Contents Convention on International Liability for Damage Caused by Space Objects   Article XVI. 1. If one of the parties ... Read more...
101. Convention on Civil Liability for Damage Resulting from Activities Dangerous to the Environment Contents Convention on Civil Liability for Damage Resulting from Activities Dangerous to the Environment   Chapter I — General provisions ... Read more...
102. Convention on Civil Liability for Damage Resulting from Activities Dangerous to the Environment 2 Contents Convention on Civil Liability for Damage Resulting from Activities Dangerous to the Environment   Article 4 — Exceptions 1. ... Read more...
103. Convention on Civil Liability for Damage Resulting from Activities Dangerous to the Environment 3 Contents Convention on Civil Liability for Damage Resulting from Activities Dangerous to the Environment   Article 14 — Access to ... Read more...
104. Convention on Civil Liability for Damage Resulting from Activities Dangerous to the Environment 4 Contents Convention on Civil Liability for Damage Resulting from Activities Dangerous to the Environment   Article 19 — Jurisdiction 1. ... Read more...
105. Convention on Civil Liability for Damage Resulting from Activities Dangerous to the Environment 5 Contents Convention on Civil Liability for Damage Resulting from Activities Dangerous to the Environment   Article 27 — Functions of ... Read more...
106. Convention on Civil Liability for Damage Resulting from Activities Dangerous to the Environment 6 Contents Convention on Civil Liability for Damage Resulting from Activities Dangerous to the Environment   Article 33 — Non-member States ... Read more...
107. Intercity Carrier A motor carrier subject to Interstate Commerce Commission authority with a majority of revenues derived from nonlocal cartage.......
108. Local Carrier A motor carrier that operates wholly within a single or contiguous commercial zone but is still subject to Interstate Commerce Commission authority because of other motor carriage business, for example, because it handles interstate interline business or hauls certain regulated commodities.......
109. Very Large Crude Carrier A tanker measuring between two and three hundred thousand deadweight tons.......
110. Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier A common carrier providing point-to-point international transport of goods. This type of carrier, commonly known as NVOCC, may not actually operate any transport equipment, acting instead as a coordinator among actual carriers. For example, an NVOCC might issue a bill of lading from Saint Louis to M......
111. Liability Introduction to Liability Liability, obligation, responsibility, or debt." (1) Concept of Liability Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Judiciary Resources See Also Legal System Judiciary Justice Resources Notes and [...]...
112. Precontractual Liability Precontractual Liability • Cases where courts grant relief when a contract has not been signed. Usually done on bases we ... Read more...
113. Acceptance Liability The aggregate of all drafts or bills of exchange accepted by a bank and outstanding. On a bank's ledger, this liability is reflected as "liability on account of acceptances."......
114. Duty Liability The obligation to the government that arises from the importation of dutiable merchandise. Unpaid duties constitute a personal obligation to the government and may be satisfied from any assets of the importer or his estate. The government retains a lien upon the imported merchandise pending satisfac......
115. Secondary Liability A contingent liability borne by unqualified endorsers of negotiable instruments. In the event of default or dishonor by the primary obligee, the endorsers may be held to settle the obligation to the holder of the instrument.......
116. Products Liability Kinds of Torts: Other Torts Products Liability Introduction to Products Liability Under the tort of products liability, when a product causes injury due to a fault in design or manufacture, or a failure to warn or instruct about a danger, the manufacturer (or any other commercial party [...]...
117. Premises Liability Premises Liability......
118. Professional Liability Law Professional Liability Law......
119. Vicarious Liability The Legal History of Vicarious LiabilityThis section provides an overview of Vicarious Liability ResourcesSee AlsoLegal Biography Legal Traditions Historical Laws History of Law Further Reading Vicarious Liability in the Oxford International Encyclopedia of Legal History (Oxford University [...]...
120. Tort Liability Contents Tort Liability Dimensions of Tort Liability There is a clear moral basis for recovery through the legal system where ... Read more...