Introduction The U.S. case Marbury v. Madison (1803) held that the power of a court to decide what is the meaning of the American Constitution was implicit in an independent judiciary. This power of judicial review in the U.S. was a unique feature of the U.S. constitutionalism well into the […]
Summary of European Investment Bank
A multilateral development bank established in 1958 by the Treaty of Rome for the purpose of assisting in the balanced growth of the European economic community (read this and related legal terms for further details) (EEC). The bank grants long-term loans […]
Introduction The European Convention on Human Rights was a reaction against the horrific abuses of human rights that took place before and during the Second World War, followed by further abuses occurring within the newly formed Communist block. These led, in 1949, due in part to the […]
Embracing mainstream international law, this section on marine pollution explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources See Also Transport Transportation Means Transport Law Transport Contract Resources Further Reading The entry "marine […]
Embracing mainstream international law, this section on unrwa explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources See Also International Organization Foreign Relations Organization United Nations United Nations System Resources Further Reading The entry […]
International Monetary Fund Outline The UN Monetary and Financial Conference met in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, United States, from 1 to 20 July 1944. The Bretton Woods Agreement announced the establishment of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the International Bank for […]
Summary of Cartel
An alliance among firms in the same line of business aimed at controlling or dominating their field on an international basis.
(Main Author: William J. Miller)
Definition of Cartel In accordance with the work A Dictionary of Law, this is a description of Cartel : […]
The Legal History of Abortion in Hindu Law This section provides an overview of Abortion in Hindu Law In relation to the abortion and constitutional law, Radhika Rao[1] made the following observation: Abortion is commonly defined as the intentional termination of pregnancy with reasonable […]
Common Foreign And Security Policy Common Foreign and Security Policy of European Union at the United Nations Further Reading A concise encyclopedia of the United Nations (including Common Foreign and Security Policy , H Volger, KA Annan -2010) The Oxford Handbook on the United Nations (TG […]
Embracing mainstream international law, this section on regionalism explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Regionalism and Europe There is an entry on regionalism in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry […]
Embracing mainstream international law, this section on autonomy explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "autonomy" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law (currently, the […]
Embracing mainstream international law, this section on comecon explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Comecon and Europe There is an entry on comecon in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Comecon" in the […]
Embracing mainstream international law, this section on euro explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Euro and Europe There is an entry on euro in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Euro" in the work […]
Veto Definition (Lat. I forbid). Veto may be defined as the refusal of the executive body of a country whose assent is necessary to let pass a law or measure approbed already by the legislative body. See veto in the legal dictonary. In Europe The veto power of the British sovereign has […]
Embracing mainstream international law, this section on unaids explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources See Also International Organization Foreign Relations Organization United Nations United Nations System Resources Further Reading The entry […]
Benelux Summary of Benelux
An acronym for Belgium-Nether- lands-Luxembourg. Following World War II, the three nations formed a customs union with long- range objectives of establishing a single monetary and fiscal system. The localized objectives of the three Benelux countries were […]
Embracing mainstream international law, this section on western european union explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Western European Union and the European Union Resources See Also International Organization Foreign Relations Intergovernmental […]
Embracing mainstream international law, this section on eutelsat explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "eutelsat" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law (currently, the […]
International Agreement in International Trade Meaning of International Agreement, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A broad term for legally binding arrangements covered by international law between or among countries. Such arrangements are variously […]
Embracing mainstream international law, this section on eugenics explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "eugenics" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law (currently, the […]
Embracing mainstream international law, this section on stateless person explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "stateless person" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law […]
Embracing mainstream international law, this section on telecommunications explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources See Also Industry Industrial Unionism Labor Law Industrial Disputes Business Law Resources Further Reading The entry […]
Group Of 77 Group of 77 and the United Nations Further Reading A concise encyclopedia of the United Nations (including Group of 77, H Volger, KA Annan -2010) The Oxford Handbook on the United Nations (TG Weiss – 2007) International Law: A Dictionary (including Group of 77, Boczek, Boleslaw […]
Embracing mainstream international law, this section on admission of aliens explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "aliens, admission" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law […]
Universal Postal Union Outline The union was established under the International Postal Convention of 1874. It was then named the General Postal Union. In 1878 it was renamed the Universal Postal Union. It became a specialised, but independent, agency of the UN after 1945. The UPU is a […]
Embracing mainstream international law, this section on parliamentary diplomacy explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "parliamentary diplomacy" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of […]
Summary of Special Drawing Rights
An artificial currency unit created by the international monetary Fund (read this and related legal terms for further details), or IMF, to argument international reserves. The expansion of world trade following World War II necessitated an expansion in […]
Apartheid Definition Apartheid may be defined as the policy of racial segregation formerly followed in South Africa. The word apartheid means "separateness"in the Afrikaans language and it described the rigid racial division between the governing white minority population and the […]
Report And Recommendation in Canadian Procedural Law Find materials in the Canadian legal Encyclopedia that anlyze Report And Recommendation. Advanced Recommender Systems, the Law and other Social Sciences This chapter presents a brief and systematic overview of four major advanced recommender […]
A Shot across the Frontier: International Incident In the book "International Incidents for Discussion in Conversation Classes", in relation to this subject, L. Oppenheim wrote in 1909: On Sept. 26th, 1887, a German soldier, on sentry duty at the frontier near Vexaincourt, fired a […]
State of Emergency in Constitutional Law From the Comparative Constitutions Project: A state of emergency is a governmental declaration that may suspend certain normal functions of government or may work to alert citizens to alter their normal behaviors or to order government agencies to […]
Dual (or Plural) Nationality Embracing mainstream international law, this section on dual (or plural) nationality explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "dual (or plural) nationality" in the Parry and Grant […]
International Law consists of the rules and principles of general application dealing with the conduct of States and of international organizations in their international relations with one another and with private individuals, minority groups and transnational companies. Legal Issues […]
Bank For International Settlements Summary of Bank For International Settlements An international bank owned and controlled by the central banks of twenty-four European and five non-European central banks. The BIS was formed at the Hague Conference of 1930 in response to pressures for the […]
Corruption Definition Corruption, wrongdoing by those in a special position of trust. The term is commonly applied to self-benefiting conduct by public officials and others dedicated to public service. (1) Corruption is not a technical term; it is not considered a criminal offence in most […]
Aladi Definition of Aladi in International Trade The following is a concept of Aladi in the context of international trade law, from the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The Latin American Integration Association is an international and regional scope organization created […]
Protocol and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Protocol provided by the European Union Commission: The term "protocol" is used for agreements less formal than those entitled "treaty" or "convention". The term could be used to cover the following […]
Embracing mainstream international law, this section on european social charter explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources See Also International Organization Foreign Relations Intergovernmental Organization Regional Organization Regional […]
Other Private Flows (in the Human Development Area) In this context, Other Private Flows means: _ category combining non-debtcreating portfolio equity investment flows (the sum of country funds, depository receipts and direct purchases of shares by foreign investors), portfolio debt flows […]
Embracing mainstream international law, this section on micronesia explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "micronesia" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law (currently, the […]
Introduction to Maritime Law Maritime Law, branch of law relating to commerce and navigation on the high seas and on other navigable waters. Specifically, the term refers to the body of customs, legislation, international treaties, and court decisions pertaining to ownership and operation […]
European Central Bank (ECB) and the Treaties of the European Union Description of European Central Bank (ECB) provided by the European Union Commission: The European Central Bank was inaugurated on 30 June 1998. On 1 January 1999 it took over responsibility for implementing European monetary […]
Government Definition Government may be defined as a political organization comprising the individuals and institutions authorized to formulate public policies and conduct affairs of state. Governments are empowered to establish and regulate the interrelationships of the people within their […]
Summary of Customs Union
An arrangement among participating countries whereby tariffs are eliminated or virtually eliminated on products moving between members, and a common external tariff (read this and related legal terms for further details) is adopted to provide uniform treatment to […]
Legal Issues International economic law is more likely to fall under the rubric of public international law, as it deals with international economic relationships between states. See, for example, Petersmann, 'International Economic Theory and International Economic Law: On the Tasks of a […]
Spanish Translation of claim This is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to claim and / or a definition of this topic: Reclamación (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry). Spanish Translation of claim This is the legal translation of English to […]
International Finance Corporation Outline The IFC is part of the World Bank. It came into force in 1956 pursuant to the Articles of Agreement of the International Finance Corporation of 1955. Its main function is to facilitate the supply of funds to private enterprises in order to encourage or […]
Embracing mainstream international law, this section on territorial law explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "territorial law" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law […]
Embracing mainstream international law, this section on summary procedure explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "summary procedure" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law […]
Who Becomes a Refugee? Introduction to Refugee People leave their home countries for many reasons. Sometimes they are fleeing poverty, or they hope to find a better life in another place. People who migrate for economic reasons, however, are not considered refugees. Yet economic migrants […]