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Search results for: “public borrowing”

  • International Relations Theory

    The study of international relations Introduction to International Relations TheoryOver time, scholars have developed a number of approaches to the study of international relations. These approaches include realism, neorealism, idealism and liberalism, neoliberalism, and Marxism.&q…

  • Legal History

    Legal History “This abstraction called the Law,” Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., once observed, is “a magic mirror, [wherein] we see reflected, not only our own lives, but the lives of all men that have been!”1 Holmes believed that this “magic mirror” offered historians an opportunity to explore the social choices and moral imperatives of…

  • National Constitutions

    National Constitutions…

  • List of Authors to the Encyclopedia of the American Constitution

    List of Authors to the Encyclopedia of the American Constitution Main Entries: List of Entries and Authors of the Encyclopedia of the American Constitution Encyclopedia of the American Constitution Listing of entries to the Encyclopedia by Author: Benjamin Aaron Professor of Law, Emeritus University of California, Los Angeles LABOR AND THE ANTITRUST LAWS Henry J.…

  • List of Entries and Authors of the Encyclopedia of the American Constitution

    List of Articles and Contributors of the Encyclopedia of the American Constitution Main Entry: the Encyclopedia of the American Constitution. List of Authors by Entry (A-Z): ADEQUATE STATE GROUNDS Kenneth L. Karst ADKINS V. CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL Leonard W. Levy ADLER V. BOARD OF EDUCATION OF CITY OF NEW YORK Martin Shapiro ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES Joseph Vining…

  • Debt Monetization

    The expansion of the national money supply through the issuance of public debt instruments. In the United States debt is monetized whenever the treasury issues bonds or bills; these instruments are purchased by the Federal Reserve system with a check. The check, once deposited, constitutes reserves …

  • General Anti Avoidance Rule

    General Anti-avoidance Rule The general anti-avoidance rule (“GAAR”) in the taxation system The GAAR allows Tax Authorities to override the tax consequences that would otherwise apply in a given situation, if those tax consequences are the product of tax avoidance. A General Anti-avoidance Rule can perform a useful role in the tax system, as a…

  • De Sanchez v. Banco Central de Nicaragua

    JOSEFINA NAJARRO de SANCHEZ v. BANCO CENTRAL de NICARAGUA United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit 770 F.2d 1385 Decided September 19, 1985 GOLDBERG, Circuit Judge: Clausewitz once described war as politics carried on by other means. Here it could be said that litigation is war carried on by other means. The plaintiff’s…

  • About the Origins and Sources of International Law, Historical

    About the Origins and Sources of International Law, Historical The eminent man who founded the Whewell Professorship of International Law laid an earnest and express injunction on the occupant of this chair that he should make it his aim, in all parts of his treatment of the subject, to lay down such rules and suggest…

  • Constitutional Texts: Bavaria 1808 and 1818 Constitutions

    Constitutional Texts: Bavaria 1808 and 1818 Constitutions BAVARIA’S CONSTITUTION OF 1808 MAY 1ST, 1808 We Maximilian Joseph, by the grace of God King of Bavaria. We are governed by the conviction that as long as the State remains a mere aggregate of separate parts, it can neither achieve its full potential strength, for which it…

  • Constitutional Text: Bangladesh 1972, Amended 2004

    Constitutional Text: Bangladesh 1972, Amended 2004 CONSTITUTION OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF BANGLADESH NOVEMBER 4, 1972, AS AMENDED TO MAY 16, 2004 BISMILLAH-AR-RAHIMAN-AR-RAHIM (In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful) Preamble We, the people of Bangladesh, having proclaimed our Independence on the 26th day of March, 1971 and through a historic war for…

  • Constitutional Text: Australia 1900, Amended 1927

    CONSTITUTION OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA JULY 9, 1900, AS AMENDED TO JULY 29, 1977 Chapter I The Parliament Part I General 1. Legislative power The legislative power of the Commonwealth shall be vested in a Federal Parliament, which shall consist of the Queen, a Senate, and a House of Representatives, and which is hereinafter…

  • Outline of Trust and Estates

    Outline of Trust and Estates Note: this is based in United States law I. POLICY AND INTRODUCTION A. Dead Hand Control 1. Controlling consideration in determining meaning of a donative document is donor’s intention 2. Courts cannot consider wisdom, fairness, or reasonableness of donation 3. Courts can only bar donations if they are prohibited or…

  • International Tropical Timber Agreement

    International Tropical Timber Agreement   Article 20 Special Account 1. There shall be established two sub-accounts under the Special Account: (a) The Pre-Project Sub-Account; and (b) The Project Sub-Account. 2. The possible sources of finance for the Special Account shall be: (a) The Second Account of the Common Fund for Commodities, when it becomes operational;…

  • Top 25.000 English words

    Which are the top 25.000 most popular English words? According to a review from Lawi, these are the 25.000 most popular English words, in order: you the i to a and it of that in is me what this for my on your we have do no don’t are be i’m not was he it’s…