Search results for: “fixed term insurance”
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Alabama Arbitration
“Alabama” Arbitration Introduction According to Collier’s New Encyclopedia, the Alabama claims were a “series of claims made in 1871 by the United States against the English Government for damages done to shipping during the Civil War, after a formal discussion between the two governments in 1865, and fruitless conventions for their settlement in 1868 and…
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Sight Draft Endorsement
A provision in a contract of marine insurance designed to protect an exporter while his merchandise lies in a foreign port awaiting acceptance (read this and related legal terms for further details) of drafts by the impo…
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Export-Import Bank Of The United States
Commonly known as Eximbank, an independent, self-funding agency of the U.S. government created to facilitate exports of American products. Originally chartered under the laws of the District of Columbia in 1934, Eximbank was rechartered by an act of Congress in 1945. The bank provides short-, medium…
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Business Model
A pattern of business activity in which, over time, the economy reaches a high, declines, enters a low point, and expands upward, reaching a high and repeating the cycle. Within the cycle, four phases can be identified: prosperity, recession, depression, and recovery.While economists gen…
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History of Labor Legislation
History of Labor Legislation Introduction In comparing legislation affecting factories, mines, shops and truck in the chief industrial countries of the continent with that of Great Britain, it is essential to a just view that inquiry should be extended beyond the codes themselves to the general social order and system of law and administration in…
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History of Nationalization
History of Nationalization Introduction The fact that “Nationalization” had become in 1916-21 one of the burning political questions of the day is unfortunate as regards arriving at a clear appraisal of its principles, for, from the outset, it is difficult for a writer to avoid a certain bias in approaching its discussion. Yet Nationalization of…
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History of the International Labour Organization
History of the International Labour Organization (ILO) Origins of the ILO An important part of the scheme for a League of Nations embodied in the Peace Treaty of Versailles in 1919 involved the creation of a new International Labour Organization. The Labour part of the Treaty (Part XIII.) rested on the principle laid down in…
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De Sanchez v. Banco Central de Nicaragua
JOSEFINA NAJARRO de SANCHEZ v. BANCO CENTRAL de NICARAGUA United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit 770 F.2d 1385 Decided September 19, 1985 GOLDBERG, Circuit Judge: Clausewitz once described war as politics carried on by other means. Here it could be said that litigation is war carried on by other means. The plaintiff’s…
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Constitutional Text: Brazil Constitution of 1988
Constitutional Text: Brazil Constitution of 1988 CONSTITUTION OF THE FEDERATIVE REPUBLIC OF BRAZIL OCTOBER 5, 1988 Preamble We, the representatives of the Brazilian People, convened in the National Constituent Assembly to institute a democratic state for the purpose of ensuring the exercise of social and individual rights, liberty, security, well-being, development, equality and justice as…
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Constitutional Text: Austria 1920, Admended 2004
AUSTRIA’S CONSTITUTION OF 1920 WITH AMENDMENTS THROUGH 2004 JANUARY 1ST, 2004 Chapter I General Provisions; European Union A. General Provisions Article 1. Austria is a democratic republic. Its law emanates from the people. Article 2. 1. Austria is a federal state. 2. The Federal State is composed of the autonomous Laender of Burgenland, Carinthia, Lower…
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Constitutional Text: Austria 1945, Amendments 1986,1987,1988,1990, 1992 and 1993
Constitutional Text: Amendments of 1986,1987,1988,1990, 1992 and 1993 to the Austria Constitution of 1945 1986 AMENDMENT TO AUSTRIA’S CONSTITUTION OF 1945 APRIL 24, 1986 212. Federal constitutional law of April 4, 1986, amending the federal constitutional law of 1929 (amendment to the federal constitutional law 1986) The National Assembly has decided: Article I. The federal…
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Outline of Evidence
Note: this entry is based in United States law I. Burdens and Presumptions a. Burden of Proof i. Burden of pleading 1. You have to plead a claim, to state a claim for which relief can be granted ii. Burden of production 1. Must introduce evidence to support your claim in your pleading iii. Burden…
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Chile – Price Band System and Safeguard Measures Relating to Certain Agricultural Products
Chile Price Band System and Safeguard Measures Relating to Certain Agricultural Products World Trade Organization – scope of coverage of Agreement on Agriculture Article 4.2 – meaning of variable levy and minimum import price – the task of DSU Article 21.5 panels Australia was a third party in a complaint by Argentina against Chile’s…
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European Energy Charter 6
European Energy Charter ARTICLE 7 TRANSIT (1) Each Contracting Party shall take the necessary measures to facilitate the Transit of Energy Materials and Products consistent with the principle of freedom of transit and without distinction as to the origin, destination or ownership of such Energy Materials and Products or discrimination as to pricing on…