Search results for: “dual system”
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Security Registration System
Elimination of National Security Entry-exit Registration System (nseers) in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On April 28, 2011, the Department of Homeland Security ("DHS") announced that it […]
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Geographic Information Systems
Profound technological advances are transforming the basic nature of information management. As governments implement new information technology, conventional paper records are fast giving way to powerful electronic databases. One type of information management system increasingly being […]
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Bretton Woods System
Bretton Woods System and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Bretton Woods System: The general term for the international monetary and financial system established after World […]
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Classification System
Library of Congress Classification System in Law LibrariesThe follow definition of Library of Congress Classification System is of use in law library research: A classification system developed by the Library of Congress for its collection, and used by most of the nation's college and […]
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Mixed Legal System
Mixed Legal System Legal systems generally are ‘mixed’ in the sense that they have been influenced by a variety of other systems. The Nature of Mixed Legal Systems This includes: Comparative Law Polyjural Systems Hybridity Normative Complexity Common and Civil Law Hybridities This includes: Stare Decisis (Common Law doctrine) Nonbinding Case Law (Civil Law doctrine)…
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Customary Law System
Customary Law System In General According to Bruce Benson (“The Enterprise of Law”): “Law can imposed from above by some coercive authority, such as a king, a legislature, or a supreme court, or law can develop “from the ground” as customs and practice evolve. Law imposed from the top — authoritarian law — typically requires…
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Customary Law System
Customary Law System In General According to Bruce Benson (“The Enterprise of Law”): “Law can imposed from above by some coercive authority, such as a king, a legislature, or a supreme court, or law can develop “from the ground” as customs and practice evolve. Law imposed from the top — authoritarian law — typically requires…
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Court Systems
Court Systems Court Hierarchy in the Legal System “Court level or hierarchy defines to a great degree the extent to which a decision by one court will have a binding effect on another court. The federal court system, for instance, is based on a three-tiered structure, in which the United States District Courts are the…
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Common Law Systems
Common Law Systems Common law systems can be found in many nations that were former colonies or territories of England. The common law originated with the unification of England and the institutional stability provided by William the Conqueror (c. 1027-1087) after 1066. In 1215 King John (1167-1216) elevated the importance of the common law at…
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Prison Systems
Introduction to Prison SystemsPrisons throughout the world have many similarities. The prison site consists of buildings of various sizes surrounded by high walls topped with razor wire. The buildings are staffed by armed guards or correctional officers who maintain inmates under close supe…
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Dual Exchange Market
A governmentally mandated system for the handling of foreign exchange transactions under which officially sanctioned imports or other approved transactions are accommodated at a given, prescribed rate of exchange while other transactions employ the market rate of exchange. For a listing of countries…
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Inquisitorial Legal System
A method of legal practice in which the judge endeavors to discover facts while simultaneously representing the interests of the state in a trial. The inquisitorial system can be defined by comparison with the adversarial, or accusatorial, system used in the United States and Great Britain. In the adversary system, two or more opposing parties…
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Socialist Legal Systems
Socialist Legal Systems Socialist law is the legal system used in most Communist states. It is based on the civil law system and Marxist-Leninist ideology. During the cold war period, it was incorporated into the legal systems of the Soviet Union and its former satellite states in Central and Eastern Europe. These systems were built…
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Code Law Systems
Code Law Systems The term “code-law systems” is usually employed, as a legal term of art, with two different, if related, meanings. First, “code” refers to the reduction of the laws customarily observed by a particular people to a more or less permanent, organized, and written form through a comprehensive piece of legislation or codification.…