Search results for: “discretionary jurisdiction”
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Community Corrections
Community Corrections Probation is a court-ordered period of correctional supervision in the community and is generally used as an alternative to incarceration. Parole is a period of conditional supervised release in the community following a prison term. In Europe, probation is often used as the default term for community corrections. Community sanctions and measures These…
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International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea
ITLOS – International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea Further ReadingA concise encyclopedia of the United Nations (including International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea , H Volger, KA Annan -2010) The Oxford Handbook on the United Nations (TG Weiss – 2007) International Law: A […]
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Bishops
The Legal History of Bishops and ArchbishopsThis section provides an overview of Bishops and Archbishops ResourcesSee AlsoLegal Biography Legal Traditions Historical Laws History of Law Further Reading Bishops and Archbishops in the Oxford International Encyclopedia of Legal History (Oxford […]
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Witness Testimony
Introduction to Witness Judicial WitnessAn oath is required of every person called to testify at any kind of a judicial proceeding. Not every person may be competent to testify as a witness; a person of unsound mind, for example, may not be a witness. A person convicted of a crime, however,…
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Legal Authority
Legal Authority Legal Authority and Obligation This covers the following: Legal Authority Political Obligation Obligations in the Law Normativity of Law Political Obligation See more about political obligation here. Obligations in the Law Books and Papers about this subject: Lena Halldenius (2011). Kant on Freedom and Obligation Under Law. Constellations 18 (2):170-189. Matthew Lister (2012).…
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Legal Authority
Legal Authority Legal Authority and Obligation This covers the following: Legal Authority Political Obligation Obligations in the Law Normativity of Law Political Obligation See more about political obligation here. Obligations in the Law Books and Papers about this subject: Lena Halldenius (2011). Kant on Freedom and Obligation Under Law. Constellations 18 (2):170-189. Matthew Lister (2012).…
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Victim Temporary Protection
Victim Temporary protection and the Refugee Issues As published by the UNHCR in relation to Victim Temporary protection: One of the primary issues posed by temporary visa schemes in affording protection to victims of trafficking is the obligation to cooperate with law enforcement. The […]
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A Dictionary of Law Enforcement
A Dictionary of Law Enforcement A Dictionary of Law Enforcement is “the only dictionary available -according to Oxford University Press, its publisher- that focuses on United Kingdom (British) law enforcement terms. This legal resource contains over 3,400 legal terms, covering many United Kingdom and European Union institutions.” Most of the entries in “A Dictionary of…
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A Dictionary of Law Enforcement
A Dictionary of Law Enforcement A Dictionary of Law Enforcement is “the only dictionary available -according to Oxford University Press, its publisher- that focuses on United Kingdom (British) law enforcement terms. This legal resource contains over 3,400 legal terms, covering many United Kingdom and European Union institutions.” Most of the entries in “A Dictionary of…
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Discretion
Discretion Definition of Discretion Discretion is defined as ‘liberty of deciding as one thinks fit, absolutely or within limits’ (Concise Oxford Dictionary). Discretion and Policing Philip C. Stenning wrote in the SAGE Dictionary of Policing all the following about Discretion: “It is a central feature of every stage of the administration of criminal justice within…
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Sentencing
Criminal Procedure: Sentencing Introduction to SentencingOnce guilt has been determined, either by verdict following a trial or by the entry of a guilty plea, the defendant must be sentenced. Generally, the trial judge imposes the sentence, which must be within the statutory limits…
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Early Efforts Against The Death Penalty
Capital Punishment World Trends Early Efforts Against the Death PenaltySome distinctive doctrines in criminal law originated in efforts to restrict the number of capital crimes and executions. For instance, in the late 18th century, when all murder in the United States was punishable by dea…
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Bourse
A continental European term for a commodity or stock exchange….
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General Anti Avoidance Rule
General Anti-avoidance Rule The general anti-avoidance rule (“GAAR”) in the taxation system The GAAR allows Tax Authorities to override the tax consequences that would otherwise apply in a given situation, if those tax consequences are the product of tax avoidance. A General Anti-avoidance Rule can perform a useful role in the tax system, as a…
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Capital Punishment Development
Capital Punishment Development For most of recorded history, capital punishment was available to every government for especially serious crimes and often for a great variety of less serious offenses. The term felony, which today signifies all serious crime, was the traditional classification in England for crimes punishable by death. Since the 18th century, the long-term…