Nuclear Smuggling

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Nuclear Smuggling

Joint Action Plans to Combat Nuclear Smuggling in 2011

United States views on international law (based on the document “Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law”): In 2011, the United States continued its Nuclear Smuggling Outreach Initiative (“NSOI”), with negotiations leading to the conclusion of joint action plans to combat nuclear smuggling with Moldova in July, Tajikistan in November, and Slovakia in December. NSOI had previously completed joint action plans with Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Georgia, the Kyrgyz Republic, Armenia, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. For more information on these joint action plans and NSOI generally, see (internet link) nsoi-state.net/. On December 7, 2011, upon reaching agreement with Slovakia on a joint action plan, Secretary Clinton delivered remarks at NATO Headquarters in Brussels. Secretary Clinton's remarks are excerpted below and are available in full at (internet link) state.gov/secretary/rm/2011/12/178445.htm.

Developments

… There is no greater threat to the safety and security of the U.S. world than preventing nuclear or highly radioactive materials coming into the hands of terrorists, and it's a danger that no one country can protect against on its own. And today, Slovakia has made an important commitment to the U.S. collective efforts, and we are very appreciative.

My country has now signed nine such agreements with other countries around the world, but this is the first one we have signed with an EU nation and a NATO ally. So this agreement reflects Slovakia's strategic importance as a gateway to the EU as well as your government's commitment to exercising leadership in advancing nuclear security.

…[T]his agreement takes the form of an action plan. It specifies more than 40 steps the U.S. two governments intend to take to strengthen the U.S. mutual capacity to prevent, detect, and respond more effectively to the threat of nuclear smuggling. The United States has guaranteed the U.S. efforts to work with you to make sure that it's not only the two of us working together but the U.S. neighbors, and particularly Slovakia's neighbors, because in a networked world like the one we live in today, all nations have to be committed to this joint effort.

Arrangement With Lithuania on Cooperation in Countering Nuclear Smuggling in 2013

United States views on international law [1] in relation to Arrangement With Lithuania on Cooperation in Countering Nuclear Smuggling: On April 23, 2013, at NATO headquarters in Brussels, Secretary Kerry and Lithuanian Foreign Minister Linas Linkevicius signed the Joint Action Plan between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the Republic of Lithuania on combating illicit trafficking of nuclear and radioactive materials and related technology. The joint action plan with Lithuania is the 11th such plan concluded by the Department of State. Secretary Kerry's remarks at the signing ceremony are available at (Secretary of State website) state.gov/secretary/remarks/2013/04/207875.htm. The State Department issued a media note on April 23, 2013, available at (Secretary of State website) state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2013/04/207862.htm, summarizing the political arrangement by the United States and Lithuania to work together in their efforts to counter nuclear smuggling:

This “Joint Action Plan…” … is also one of the many steps the United States and Lithuania are taking to implement the commitments both nations made at the 2012 Nuclear Security Summit in Seoul.

The newly signed plan includes steps to enhance Lithuania's control of its radioactive materials, foster cooperation among its domestic agencies, expand the country's role as a mentor to regional partners, and review and strengthen the Lithuanian Penal Code to ensure all types of nuclear smuggling cases can be prosecuted. Lithuania also has established a Nuclear Security Center of Excellence, and the United States is supporting Lithuania's efforts to develop a counter nuclear smuggling curriculum for this center and host regional training courses.

Joint Action Plans to Combat Nuclear Smuggling

In relation to the international law practice and Joint Action Plans to Combat Nuclear Smuggling in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section:

Use of Force, Arms Control, Disarmament, Nonproliferation

About this subject:

Nonproliferation, Arms Control, and Disarmament

Under this topic, in the Encyclopedia, find out information on:

  • Nuclear Nonproliferation
  • Nuclear Security and Safety

. Note: there is detailed information and resources, in relation with these topics during the year 2011, covered by the entry, in this law Encyclopedia, about Joint action plans to combat nuclear smuggling

Resources

See Also

  • Use Of Force
  • Arms Control
  • Disarmament
  • Nonproliferation
  • Nuclear Nonproliferation
  • Nuclear Security
  • World Safety

Resources

Notes

  1. Arrangement With Lithuania on Cooperation in Countering Nuclear Smuggling in the Digest of United States Practice in International Law

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  106. Physical Protection of Nuclear Materials Convention Embracing mainstream international law, this section on physical protection of nuclear materials convention explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "physical protection of nuclear materials convention" in the [...]...
  107. European Centre for Nuclear Research European Centre for Nuclear Research and the European Union Resources See Also CERN...
  108. Treaty banning nuclear weapon tests in the atmosphere Contents Treaty banning nuclear weapon tests in the atmosphere   Entered into force: 10 oct 1963 The Governments of the ... Read more...
  109. The Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism (Gicnt) The Global Initiative To Combat Nuclear Terrorism (Gicnt) in 2016 The GICNT, which is co-chaired by the United States and Russia, is an international partnership of 86 nations and five official observer organizations dedicated to strengthening global capacity to prevent, detect, and respond [...]...
  110. Preparatory Commission for the Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization Resources See Also International Organization Foreign Relations Organization United Nations United Nations System UN Agency...
  111. The Global Challenge of Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Or Nuclear (Cbrn) Terrorism The Global Challenge Of Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Or Nuclear (Cbrn) Terrorism in 2016 Preventing the proliferation of chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) weapons has been a top U.S. national security priority for decades. The past decade has seen a growing [...]...
  112. Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe   Article I 1. Each State Party shall carry out the obligations set forth in this Treaty in accordance with its provisions, including those obligations relating to the following five categories of conventional armed forces: battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles, artillery, combat [...]...
  113. Corruption Corruption Definition Corruption, wrongdoing by those in a special position of trust. The term is commonly applied to self-benefiting conduct by public officials and others dedicated to public service. (1) Corruption is not a technical term; it is not considered a criminal offence in most [...]...
  114. Biological Weapons Characteristics of Terrorist Attacks: Chemical and Biological Weapons Introduction to Biological Weapons Concern over terrorist use of chemical and biological weapons increased after the 1995 sarin nerve gas attack on the Tokyo subway and the discovery in 2001 of anthrax spores mailed in the [...]...
  115. Use of Force Use Of Force Prohibition of Use of Force Further Reading A concise encyclopedia of the United Nations (including Use of Force, H Volger, KA Annan -2010) The Oxford Handbook on the United Nations (TG Weiss - 2007) International Law: A Dictionary (including Use of Force, Boczek, Boleslaw Adam [...]...
  116. Iran The Legal History of Islamic Law in Iran This section provides an overview of Islamic Law in Iran Iran in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): See information on Nationality, Citizenship and Immigration [...]...
  117. Rwanda The Legal History of Rwanda This section provides an overview of Rwanda Bilateral Investment Treaty With Rwanda in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On September 26, 2011, the U.S. Senate approved the [...]...
  118. Uzbekistan Legal Materials For information on Uzbek law and legal materials, see ... A Guide to Legal Research in Uzbekistan by Maria S. Stalbovskaya; The Guide to Online Law: Uzbekistan by the Library of Congress; Doing Business in Uzbekistan by Baker & [...]...
  119. Syria Countries or entities currently subject to sanctions by the United States: Syria Syria in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): In 2011, acting pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act [...]...
  120. Libya Countries or entities currently subject to sanctions by the United States: Libya Libya in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On March 26, 2011, State Department Legal Adviser Harold Hongju Koh [...]...

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