<\/p>\n
PART I<\/p>\n
INTRODUCTION<\/p>\n
Article 1<\/p>\n
Use of terms<\/p>\n
For the purposes of this Convention:<\/p>\n
(a) “desertification”means land degradation in arid, semi-arid and
\ndry sub-humid areas resulting from various factors, including climatic
\nvariations and human activities;<\/p>\n
(b) “combating desertification”includes activities which are part of
\nthe integrated development of land in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas
\nfor sustainable development which are aimed at:<\/p>\n
(i) prevention and\/or reduction of land degradation;<\/p>\n
(ii) rehabilitation of partly degraded land; and<\/p>\n
(iii) reclamation of desertified land;<\/p>\n
(c) “drought”means the naturally occurring phenomenon that exists
\nwhen precipitation has been significantly below normal recorded levels,
\ncausing serious hydrological imbalances that adversely affect land resource
\nproduction systems;<\/p>\n
(d) “mitigating the effects of drought”means activities related to
\nthe prediction of drought and intended to reduce the vulnerability of society
\nand natural systems to drought as it relates to combating desertification;<\/p>\n
(e) “land”means the terrestrial bio-productive system that comprises
\nsoil, vegetation, other biota, and the ecological and hydrological processes
\nthat operate within the system;<\/p>\n
(f) “land degradation”means reduction or loss, in arid, semi-arid and
\ndry sub-humid areas, of the biological or economic productivity and complexity
\nof rainfed cropland, irrigated cropland, or range, pasture, forest and
\nwoodlands resulting from land uses or from a process or combination of
\nprocesses, including processes arising from human activities and habitation
\npatterns, such as:<\/p>\n
(i) soil erosion caused by wind and\/or water;<\/p>\n
(ii) deterioration of the physical, chemical and biological
\nor economic properties of soil; and<\/p>\n
(iii) long-term loss of natural vegetation;<\/p>\n
(g) “arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas”means areas, other than
\npolar and sub-polar regions, in which the ratio of annual precipitation to
\npotential evapotranspiration falls within the range from 0.05 to 0.65;<\/p>\n
(h) “affected areas”means arid, semi-arid and\/or dry sub-humid areas
\naffected or threatened by desertification;<\/p>\n
(i) “affected countries”means countries whose lands include, in whole
\nor in part, affected areas;<\/p>\n
(j) “regional economic integration organization”means an organization
\nconstituted by sovereign States of a given region which has competence in
\nrespect of matters governed by this Convention and has been duly authorized,
\nin accordance with its internal procedures, to sign, ratify, accept, approve
\nor accede to this Convention;<\/p>\n
(k) “developed country<\/a> Parties”means developed country<\/a> Parties and Article 2<\/p>\n Objective<\/p>\n 1. The objective of this Convention is to combat desertification and 2. Achieving this objective will involve long-term integrated Article 3<\/p>\n Principles<\/p>\n In order to achieve the objective of this Convention and to implement (a) the Parties should ensure that decisions on the design and (b) the Parties should, in a spirit of international solidarity and (c) the Parties should develop, in a spirit of partnership, (d) the Parties should take into full consideration the special needs PART II<\/p>\n GENERAL PROVISIONS<\/p>\n Article 4<\/p>\n General obligations<\/p>\n 1. The Parties shall implement their obligations under this 2. In pursuing the objective of this Convention, the Parties shall:<\/p>\n (a) adopt an integrated approach addressing the physical, biological (b) give due attention, within the relevant international and regional (c) integrate strategies for poverty eradication into efforts to (d) promote cooperation among affected country Parties in the fields (e) strengthen subregional, regional and international cooperation;<\/p>\n (f) cooperate within relevant intergovernmental organizations;<\/p>\n (g) determine institutional mechanisms, if appropriate, keeping in (h) promote the use of existing bilateral and multilateral financial 3. Affected developing country Parties are eligible for assistance in Article 5<\/p>\n Obligations of affected country Parties<\/p>\n In addition to their obligations pursuant to article 4, affected country (a) give due priority to combating desertification and mitigating the (b) establish strategies and priorities, within the framework of (c) address the underlying causes of desertification and pay special (d) promote awareness and facilitate the participation of local (e) provide an enabling environment by strengthening, as appropriate, Article 6<\/p>\n Obligations of developed country Parties<\/p>\n In addition to their general obligations pursuant to article 4, (a) actively support, as agreed, individually or jointly, the efforts (b) provide substantial financial resources and other forms of support (c) promote the mobilization of new and additional funding pursuant to (d) encourage the mobilization of funding from the private sector and (e) promote and facilitate access by affected country Parties, Article 7<\/p>\n Priority for Africa<\/p>\n In implementing this Convention, the Parties shall give priority to <\/p>\n Author: international<\/b><\/p>\n<\/p>\n Development International Law -9<\/a>, Environment and Wildlife conventions<\/a>, International Conventions from 1991<\/a>, International Environment, Biodiversity and Climate resources<\/a>, Other Environmental conventions<\/a>, United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification 2<\/a>, United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification 3<\/a>, United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification 4<\/a>, United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification 5<\/a>, United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification 6<\/a>, United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification 7<\/a>. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification PART I INTRODUCTION Article 1 Use of terms For the purposes of this Convention: (a) “desertification”means land degradation in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas resulting from various factors, including climatic variations and human activities; (b) “combating desertification”includes activities which are part of the integrated development of land […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101,5,85],"tags":[220,221,222,223,155,224,225,226,227,228,229,230,231,232,233,234,235,236,237,238,239,240,241,242,243,244,245,246,247,248,249,250,251,252,253,254,255,256,257,258,259,260,261,262,263,264,265,266,267,268,621,269,270,271,272,273,216,274,275,276,277,278,279,280,281,282,283,284,285,286,287,288,289,290,291,292,293,294,295,296,297,298,299,300,301,302,303,304,305,306,307,308,309,310,311,312,313,314,315,316,317,318,622,319,320,321,322,323,324,325,326,327,328,329,330,331,332,333,623,624,334,335,336,337,338,339,340,341,342,343,344,345,346,347,348,349,350,86,74,76,351,352,353,354,355,356],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lawin.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2328"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lawin.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lawin.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lawin.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lawin.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2328"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lawin.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2328\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lawin.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2328"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lawin.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2328"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lawin.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2328"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\nregional economic integration organizations constituted by developed
\ncountries.<\/p>\n
\nmitigate the effects of drought in countries experiencing serious drought
\nand\/or desertification, particularly in Africa, through effective action at
\nall levels, supported by international cooperation and partnership
\narrangements, in the framework of an integrated approach which is consistent
\nwith Agenda 21, with a view to contributing to the achievement of sustainable
\ndevelopment in affected areas.<\/p>\n
\nstrategies that focus simultaneously, in affected areas, on improved
\nproductivity of land, and the rehabilitation, conservation and sustainable
\nmanagement of land and water resources, leading to improved living conditions,
\nin particular at the community level.<\/p>\n
\nits provisions, the Parties shall be guided, inter alia, by the following:<\/p>\n
\nimplementation of programmes to combat desertification and\/or mitigate the
\neffects of drought are taken with the participation of populations and local
\ncommunities and that an enabling environment is created at higher levels to
\nfacilitate action at national and local levels;<\/p>\n
\npartnership, improve cooperation and coordination at subregional, regional and
\ninternational levels, and better focus financial, human, organizational and
\ntechnical resources where they are needed;<\/p>\n
\ncooperation among all levels of government, communities, non-governmental
\norganizations and landholders to establish a better understanding of the
\nnature and value of land and scarce water resources in affected areas and to
\nwork towards their sustainable use; and<\/p>\n
\nand circumstances of affected developing country Parties, particularly the
\nleast developed among them.<\/p>\n
\nConvention, individually or jointly, either through existing or prospective
\nbilateral and multilateral arrangements or a combination thereof, as
\nappropriate, emphasizing the need to coordinate efforts and develop a coherent
\nlong-term strategy at all levels.<\/p>\n
\nand socio-economic aspects of the processes of desertification and drought;<\/p>\n
\nbodies, to the situation of affected developing country Parties with regard to
\ninternational trade, marketing arrangements and debt with a view to
\nestablishing an enabling international economic environment conducive to the
\npromotion of sustainable development;<\/p>\n
\ncombat desertification and mitigate the effects of drought;<\/p>\n
\nof environmental protection and the conservation of land and water resources,
\nas they relate to desertification and drought;<\/p>\n
\nmind the need to avoid duplication; and<\/p>\n
\nmechanisms and arrangements that mobilize and channel substantial financial
\nresources to affected developing country Parties in combating desertification
\nand mitigating the effects of drought.<\/p>\n
\nthe implementation of the Convention.<\/p>\n
\nParties undertake to:<\/p>\n
\neffects of drought, and allocate adequate resources in accordance with their
\ncircumstances and capabilities;<\/p>\n
\nsustainable development plans and\/or policies, to combat desertification and
\nmitigate the effects of drought;<\/p>\n
\nattention to the socio-economic factors contributing to desertification
\nprocesses;<\/p>\n
\npopulations, particularly women and youth, with the support of non-
\ngovernmental organizations, in efforts to combat desertification and mitigate
\nthe effects of drought; and<\/p>\n
\nrelevant existing legislation and, where they do not exist, enacting new laws
\nand establishing long-term policies and action programmes.<\/p>\n
\ndeveloped country Parties undertake to:<\/p>\n
\nof affected developing country Parties, particularly those in Africa, and the
\nleast developed countries, to combat desertification and mitigate the effects
\nof drought;<\/p>\n
\nto assist affected developing country Parties, particularly those in Africa,
\neffectively to develop and implement their own long-term plans and strategies
\nto combat desertification and mitigate the effects of drought;<\/p>\n
\narticle 20, paragraph 2 (b);<\/p>\n
\nother non-governmental sources; and<\/p>\n
\nparticularly affected developing country Parties, to appropriate technology,
\nknowledge and know-how.<\/p>\n
\naffected African country Parties, in the light of the particular situation
\nprevailing in that region, while not neglecting affected developing country
\nParties in other regions.<\/p>\nConclusion<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
Notes<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
See Also<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
References and Further Reading<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
About the Author\/s and Reviewer\/s<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
Mentioned in these Entries<\/h3>\n