Related Entries of the International Encyclopedia:

1. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties betweenStates and International Organizations Or betweenInternational Organizations Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties Between States and International Organizations or Between International Organizations Embracing mainstream international law, this section on vienna convention on the law of treaties between states and international organizations or between [...]...
2. Vienna Convention Treaty: The Vienna Convention Introduction to Vienna Convention Rules of international law governing the conclusion, validity, effects, interpretation, modification, suspension, and termination of treaties were codified in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, adopted in 1969......
3. Provisional Application Provisional Application and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Provisional Application provided by the European Union Commission: The growing use of provisional application clauses in treaties is a consequence of the need felt to give effect to treaty obligations prior to a [...]...
4. Provisional Application and Provisional Entry into Force of Treaties Contents Provisional Application and Provisional Entry into Force of international Treaties Provisional Application The growing use of provisional application clauses ... Read more...
5. Vienna Convention on Consular Relations Cases Vienna Convention on Consular Relations (paraguay v. United States) Case Embracing mainstream international law, this section on vienna convention on consular relations (paraguay v. united states) case explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources [...]...
6. Simulation Simulation in Election Law Exercise carried out prior to an election to test the equipment and the implementation procedures for election day. Also known as mock polling, this can help to train polling staff and demonstrate voting procedures to voters. Resources See Also Vocational Training [...]...
7. Vienna Convention on the Representation of States in Relation to International Organizations Embracing mainstream international law, this section on vienna convention on the representation of states in relation to international organizations explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "vienna convention on the [...]...
8. International law index V Contents International law index V   Van Gend & Loos Case Velásquez Rodrà­guez v Honduras Case Venice Commission Verification of ... Read more...
9. Multilateral Environmental Agreements Basel Convention – MEA (Multilateral Environmental Agreements) and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Basel Convention – MEA (Multilateral Environmental Agreements) provided by the European Union Commission: A central goal of this MEA is "environmentally sound [...]...
10. Voluntary Stranding A grounding which results from the design and actions of the master to save the ship from imminent peril. Costs and sacrifices resulting from the voluntary act are recoverable in General Average (read this and related legal ......
11. Signature Ad Referendum Signature ad referendum and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Signature ad referendum provided by the European Union Commission: A representative may sign a treaty "ad referendum", i.e., under the condition that the signature is confirmed by his state. In this case, [...]...
12. Voluntary Abstention Embracing mainstream international law, this section on voluntary abstention explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "voluntary abstention" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law [...]...
13. Voluntary Abandonment Description of Voluntary Abandonment In this reference work, voluntary abandonment is a sort of the Criminal law, Bankruptcy, Contracts, Insurance, Trademarks, Legal History, Copyright, Intellectual property category. Resources See Also Salvage Divorce Adoption Bankruptcy Insurance [...]...
14. Voluntary Appearance Description of Voluntary Appearance Resources See Also Appearance...
15. Voluntary Contributions Resources See Also Further Reading Information related to voluntary contributions in the Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law(MPEPIL), Germany, United Kingdom...
16. Voluntary Organization Resources See Also Further Reading Information related to voluntary organization in the Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law(MPEPIL), Germany, United Kingdom...
17. Voluntary Service Resources See Also Further Reading Information related to voluntary service in the Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law(MPEPIL), Germany, United Kingdom...
18. Voluntary Export Quota A quantitative restriction that a nation puts upon the export of a certain product to another country. This condition is usually in response to complaints from the importing country that its domestic industry is being injured by continuing exports of the product from its trading partner.......
19. Voluntary Export Restraints Summary of Voluntary Export Restraints Synonymous with Orderly Marketing Agreement (q.v. See Bilateral Restraints Agreement.(Main Author: William J. Miller) Voluntary Export Restraints (VERs) and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, [...]...
20. Voluntary Restraints Agreement Sn Bilateral Restraints Agreement.......
21. Acceptance Or Approval Acceptance or Approval and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Acceptance or Approval provided by the European Union Commission: The instruments of "acceptance" or "approval" of a treaty have the same legal effect as ratification and consequently express the [...]...
22. Act of Formal Confirmation Act of Formal Confirmation and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Act of Formal Confirmation provided by the European Union Commission: "Act of formal confirmation" is used as an equivalent for the term "ratification" when an international organization [...]...
23. Treaty Authentication Authentication and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Authentication provided by the European Union Commission: The term "authentication" refers to the procedure whereby the text of a treaty is established as authentic and definitive. Once a treaty has been [...]...
24. Treaty Objection Objection and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Objection provided by the European Union Commission: Any signatory or contracting state has the option of objecting to a reservation, inter alia, if, in its opinion, the reservation is incompatible with the object and purpose of [...]...
25. Subsidiary Subsidiary or Subordinate Election Management Body in Election Law An Election Management Body (EMB) that is not the primary or principal entity responsible for the organisation of elections within a given state. It may be regional or local. Subsidiary in International Trade Meaning of [...]...
26. Viena Convention on Consular Relations Contents Viena Convention on Consular Relations The Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations of 1961 is an international treaty that defines ... Read more...
27. MPEPIL: Public Law: V Contents MPEPIL: Encyclopedia of Public Law: V   Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law (MPEPIL): Articles listed alphabetically View ... Read more...
28. Definitive Signature Definitive Signature and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Definitive Signature provided by the European Union Commission: When the treaty is not subject to ratification, acceptance or approval, "definitive signature" establishes the consent of the state to be bound [...]...
29. Exchange of Notes Exchange of Letters/Notes and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Exchange of Letters/Notes provided by the European Union Commission: States may express their consent to be bound by an "exchange of letters/notes". The basic characteristic of this procedure is that the [...]...
30. Voluntary Manslaughter Criminal Law: Crimes Against the Person: Manslaughter Voluntary ManslaughterIntroduction to Voluntary ManslaughterVoluntary manslaughter generally involves an intentional killing of a human being by an enraged person under circumstances that would cause a reasonable person to becom......
31. Deposit The Legal History of DepositThis section provides an overview of Deposit ResourcesSee AlsoLegal Biography Legal Traditions Historical Laws History of Law Further Reading Deposit in the Oxford International Encyclopedia of Legal History (Oxford University Press) The Oxford Encyclopedia of [...]...
32. Voluntary Insurance Resources See Also Social Protection Social Security Employment Affairs Welfare State...
33. Voluntary Restraint Agreement Voluntary Restraint Agreement (VRA) and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Voluntary Restraint Agreement (VRA): An arrangement by which an exporting country takes steps [...]...
34. Party Convention Party Convention in Election Law Periodic meeting of a party's leaders and delegates to discuss and approve the party's platform and position on key questions in an upcoming election, as well as to elect the party leaders for a given period, usually until the next convention. During a [...]...
35. Voluntary Principles on Human Rights Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights in 2013 United States views on international law [1] in relation to Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights: On March 13 and 14, 2013, the United States participated in the annual plenary meeting of the Voluntary Principles on [...]...
36. Treaty Definition Legal IssuesTreaty can perhaps be understood in two different senses. In a narrower sense, it refers to an international agreement entered into between states; in a wider sense, it refers to international agreements not only between states, but also between a state and an inter-national org......
37. Treaty Ratification Treaty Conclusion and Ratification Introduction to Treaty Ratification International law prescribes neither a fixed form for a treaty nor any fixed procedure for its conclusion. It may be concluded by an exchange of diplomatic notes incorporating an agreed-upon text signed by authorized [...]...
38. Entry Into Force Entry into Force and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Entry into Force provided by the European Union Commission: Typically, the provisions of the treaty determine the date on which the treaty enters into force. Where the treaty does not specify a date, there is a presumption [...]...
39. Treaty Adoption Adoption and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Adoption provided by the European Union Commission: "Adoption" is the formal act by which the form and content of a proposed treaty text are established. As a general rule, the adoption of the text of a treaty takes place [...]...
40. Vocational Rehabilitation Resources See Also Vocation Vocational Education Profession Vocational Rehabilitation...
41. Real Property Holding Company A foreign corporation (i.e., not chartered in the United States) in which a Domestic International Sales Corporation (read this and related legal terms for further details), or DISC, controls more than 50 percent of the ......
42. Berne Convention Definition of Berne Convention In accordance with the work A Dictionary of Law, this is a description of Berne Convention : The Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works: an international convention of September 1886 that sets out ground rules for protection of [...]...
43. Correction of Errors Correction of Errors and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Correction of Errors provided by the European Union Commission: If, after the authentication of a text, the signatory and contracting states are agreed that it contains an error, it can be corrected by initialling the [...]...
44. Treaty Notification Notification and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Notification provided by the European Union Commission: The term "notification" refers to a formality through which a state or an international organization communicates certain facts or events of legal importance. [...]...
45. Treaty Reservation Reservation and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Reservation provided by the European Union Commission: A reservation is a declaration made by a state by which it purports to exclude or alter the legal effect of certain provisions of the treaty in their application to that [...]...
46. International Convention Convention and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Convention provided by the European Union Commission: The term "convention" again can have both a generic and a specific meaning. (a) Convention as a generic term: Art.38 (1) (a) of the Statute of the International [...]...
47. Objection to Reservation Objection to Reservation by Namibia in 2013 United States views on international law [1] in relation to Objection to Reservation by Namibia: On October 17, 2013, the U.S. Mission to the UN sent a diplomatic note to the United Nations, in its capacity as depositary for the International [...]...
48. Waste Embracing mainstream international law, this section on waste explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources See Also Poverty Cost of Living Income Minimum Wage Standard of living Resources Further Reading The entry "waste" in the Parry and [...]...
49. Waste Cube The space which is not occupied by cargo within a trailer, railcar, or container.......
50. Treaty Party Party and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Party provided by the European Union Commission: (to an international treaty) A party to a treaty is a State, International Organisation or other entity with treaty making capacity that has expressed its consent to be bound by that [...]...
51. Diplomatic Relations Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations The 1961 Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations outlines the rules of diplomatic law for the exchange and treatment of envoys between states. It has become an almost universally adopted Convention with 179 states party to it. The Vienna Convention [...]...
52. Hazardous Waste Hazardous Waste in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): The United States joined consensus on United Nations Human Rights Council resolution 18/11, "Mandate of the Special Rapporteur on the [...]...
53. United Dredging Company (united States) V. United Mexican States United Dredging Company (united States) v. United Mexican States Embracing mainstream international law, this section on united dredging company (united states) v. united mexican states explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The [...]...
54. Radioactive Waste Resources See Also Energy Utilities Natural Resources Energy Clean Energy...
55. Industrial Waste Resources See Also Industrial Production Industrial Property Regulation...
56. Dealing with Unwelcome Waste Contents Dealing with Unwelcome Waste Famous spech from Senator Carl Levin, January 2003 “Michigan is facing an intolerable situation with ... Read more...
57. Noscitur A Sociis Real Estate meaning of Noscitur A SociisIn the words of the Encyclopedia of Real Estate Terms about Noscitur A Sociis: Know it from its associates'. The meaning or interpretation of a word can be gathered from the context or by reference to the meaning of the words associated with it. This [...]...
58. Accession Accession in Constitutional Law From the Comparative Constitutions Project: Accession is a process by which a country becomes a member of an international agreement or of another state. For example, all but the original fifteen colonies in the United States were granted accession into the [...]...
59. Mutual Legal Assistance Treaties In the United States For information about Mutual legal assistance treaties in the context of international trade, click here...
60. Radioactive Products and Waste Embracing mainstream international law, this section on radioactive products and waste explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "radioactive products and waste" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary [...]...
61. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations 10 Contents Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations   SECTION 5. CONSEQUENCES OF THE INVALIDITY ... Read more...
62. Treaties. Bibliography and links Treaties Bibliography Contents Introduction The most authoritative definition of a treaty can be found in the Vienna Convention on the ... Read more...
63. Consular Privileges Diplomatic and Consular Privileges and Immunities in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On February 24, 2011, the United States filed a statement of interest in the U.S. District Court for the Central [...]...
64. Ecological Performance Ecological Performance: New Metric to Measure Green Supply Chain Practices, the Law and other Social Sciences This chapter is aim to discuss the concept of ecological performance which extended from environmental performance. Sustainable development has become a concerned focus nowadays by [...]...
65. Modification Modification and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Modification provided by the European Union Commission: The term "modification" refers to the variation of certain treaty provisions only as between particular parties of a treaty, while in their relation to the other [...]...
66. Treaty Amendment Amendment and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Amendment provided by the European Union Commission: The term "amendment" refers to the formal alteration of treaty provisions affecting all the parties to the particular agreement. Such alterations must be effected with [...]...
67. Discrimination Against Women Convention on The Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (cedaw) in Election Law CEDAW (1979) commits the signatory states to eliminate all forms of discrimination against women and to support their full development in all political, economic, social, cultural and civil [...]...
68. Political Expenditures Citizens United v Federal Election Commission Case (US) In relation to the citizens united v federal election commission case (United States) and constitutional law, Robert A Sedler[1] made the following observation: In Citizens United v Federal Election Commission (558 US 310, 2010), the [...]...
69. Treaty Signature Signature and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Signature provided by the European Union Commission: Signature not subject to ratification ( see Definitive signature) • Simple signature ( see Signature subject to Ratification, Acceptance of Approval) • Signature ad [...]...
70. Dismemberment of State Embracing mainstream international law, this section on dismemberment of state explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "dismemberment of state" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International [...]...
71. European Company European Company and Europe There is an entry on european company in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "European Company" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", by Rodney Leach (Profile [...]...
72. Ballot Paper Mock Ballot Paper in Election Law Ballot paper used during civic and voter education campaigns to familiarise voters with the real ballot papers used on election day. It shows the ballot structure, how it should be marked and how to avoid marking it in a way that would render it invalid. [...]...
73. Basel Convention Basel Convention in International Trade Meaning of Basel Convention, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A multilateral environmental agreement dealing with hazardous waste. Embracing mainstream international law, this section on basel convention explores [...]...
74. Pre-election Election Silence or Pre-election Silence in Election Law Term used to describe the end of an election campaign, at which point all participants in the election process – candidates and the media in particular – are banned from making statements and taking action to promote a [...]...
75. Tax Treaties Tax Treaties in 2013 United States views on international law [1] in relation to Tax Treaties: (As reviewed in this legal encyclopedia in relation to international law issues in the year 2012) at 413, the United States has been actively engaging with countries around the world to improve [...]...
76. Lists about law Contents Lists about law Sources of law and legislation Lists of legislation Lists of case law List of treaties List ... Read more...
77. International Law Treaties International Law System: TreatiesIntroduction to International Law TreatiesTreaties are written agreements between two or more sovereign states. International organizations may also be given the capacity to make treaties, either with sovereign states or other international organiz......
78. Investment Treaty Cases: ICSID Additional Facility arbitration rules Contents Investment Treaty Cases: ICSID Additional Facility arbitration rules See: Investment Treaty Cases: SCC arbitration rules Investment Treaty Cases: UNCITRAL ... Read more...
79. MPEPIL: Diplomacy and consular relations Contents MPEPIL: Diplomacy and consular relations   Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law (MPEPIL) list of articles of this ... Read more...
80. African, Caribbean and Pacific Countries Group African, Caribbean and Pacific countries (ACP) Group and the Treaties of the European Union Description of African, Caribbean and Pacific countries (ACP) Group provided by the European Union Commission: The African, Caribbean and Pacific countries (ACP) Group was formed when the first [...]...
81. Treaty Interpretation Treaties and Treaty Interpretation in International Economic Law This section provides an overview of treaties and treaty interpretation within the legal context of Sources of Law in international economic law . Resources Further Reading Isabelle Van Damme, "Treaties and Treaty [...]...
82. Election Types Election: Types of Election:sIntroduction to Election TypesIn most nations, political party leaders select candidates for office in a general election. The United States is one of the few nations to hold primary elections prior to the general election campaign. In these elections, ......
83. Observers Observers Further ReadingA concise encyclopedia of the United Nations (including Observers , H Volger, KA Annan -2010) The Oxford Handbook on the United Nations (TG Weiss - 2007) International Law: A Dictionary (including Observers , Boczek, Boleslaw Adam -2005) ...
84. Real Actions The Legal History of Real ActionsThis section provides an overview of Real Actions ResourcesSee AlsoLegal Biography Legal Traditions Historical Laws History of Law Further Reading Real Actions in the Oxford International Encyclopedia of Legal History (Oxford University Press) The Oxford [...]...
85. Foreign Sovereign Immunities Jurisdiction of States Note: This section covers also the Principles of Jurisdiction. Immunities from Jurisdiction The principle of sovereign equality of States requires that the official representatives of one State should not be subject to the jurisdiction of another State. For example, [...]...
86. Assistive Devices Resources See Also Vocation Vocational Education Profession Vocational Rehabilitation...
87. Career Goal Resources See Also Vocation Vocational Education Profession Vocational Rehabilitation...
88. Employability Resources See Also Vocation Vocational Education Profession Vocational Rehabilitation...
89. Occupational Choice Resources See Also Vocation Vocational Education Profession Vocational Rehabilitation...
90. Occupational Therapy Resources See Also Vocation Vocational Education Profession Vocational Rehabilitation...
91. Outplacement Resources See Also Vocation Vocational Education Profession Vocational Rehabilitation...
92. Personal Adjustment Training Resources See Also Vocation Vocational Education Profession Vocational Rehabilitation...
93. Skill Analysis Resources See Also Vocation Vocational Education Profession Vocational Rehabilitation...
94. Work Preparation Resources See Also Vocation Vocational Education Profession Vocational Rehabilitation...
95. Work Reconditioning Resources See Also Vocation Vocational Education Profession Vocational Rehabilitation...
96. Civic Education Civic Education in Election Law Didactic programme that takes into account the relationship between citizen participation and democracy, in particular the role and responsibility of the individual, government, political organisations, interest groups and the media. The objective is both to [...]...
97. Election Cost Election Cost in Election Law All expenses incurred for the preparation and conduct of an election, which may include core, integrity and diffused costs. Resources See Also Election Law Electoral Laws Electoral Legislation ...
98. Election Observer Election Observer in Election Law A person who witnesses the proceedings of election preparation or conduct and may comment and report, but is not entitled to intervene in the process. Resources See Also Election Law Electoral Laws Electoral Legislation ...
99. Ushahidi Ushahidi in Election Law 'Witness' in Swahili. This concept was created in the aftermath of the 2007 Kenya presidential elections. It is a web based platform to collect eyewitness reports of incidents of violence, fraud and other irregularities, offering real-time feedback to [...]...
100. Nuclear Security Treaties Legislation Required For Nuclear Security Treaties in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On April 13, 2011, the U.S. Department of Justice submitted legislation to Congress to implement four treaties [...]...
101. Nuclear Waste Embracing mainstream international law, this section on nuclear waste explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "nuclear waste" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law (currently, [...]...
102. Waste Recycling Resources See Also Poverty Cost of Living Income Minimum Wage Standard of living...
103. Waste Disposal Resources See Also Trade International Trade Commerce Commercial Law...
104. Volumetric Weight An abstraction used in freight pricing that, for purposes of applying freight charges, equates a given unit of weight with a prescribed measure of volume. For example, the airline industry until in the 1980s usually equated one pound with 194cubic inches; a shipment of feathers weighing one pound bu......
105. Vostro Account Funds denominated in local currency that a foreign bank holds in a local bank. ......
106. Voyage Charter The charter of a stipulated vessel to move specified quantities of cargo between named ports during a given time period.......
107. Voter Registration Election: Voter Registration Introduction to Voter Registration In addition to differences in political party strength, these national differences in voter participation result from variations in registration rules and the organization of elections. In Europe, governments automatical......
108. Value Real Estate meaning of ValueIn the words of the Encyclopedia of Real Estate Terms about Value: Derived from the Latin valere, or the Old French valoir, 'to be worth'. That which is good or desirable, or the result of owning or using something that is good or desirable in itself. The [...]...
109. Vote Ordinal Vote in Constitutional LawFrom the Comparative Constitutions Project: A rank ordering of votes for either candidates or parties....
110. Voting Preference Voting in Constitutional Law From the Comparative Constitutions Project: A ranked ballot or preferential voting system is a type of voting system in which each voter casts their vote by ranking candidates in order of preference. 'Bandwagon' Voting in Election Law Voting for [...]...
111. Volume Or Volume Number Volume or Volume number in Law LibrariesThe follow definition of Volume or Volume number is of use in law library research:In relation to periodicals, a volume number refers to all the issues of a specific journal or magazine for a specific time period (usually one year). For books, a volume [...]...
112. Voidable Contract Voidable Contract in International Trade Meaning of Voidable Contract, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A contract that is valid but that can be declared invalid at the request of one of the parties because of a defect or illegality in making it. For [...]...
113. Volunteer Volunteer in Election Law In an electoral context, a person who decides to donate his or her time without being paid to support a candidate, act as an election observer or take part in citizen activities, in particular civic education. Resources See Also Further Reading Information related to [...]...
114. Vote System Block Vote System in Election Law A plurality/majority system used in multi-member districts in which electors have as many votes as there are candidates to be elected. Voting is candidate centred. The candidates with the highest total number of votes win the seats. Resources See Also [...]...
115. Voter Eligible Voter in Election Law Individual who satisfies the legal requirements to participate in an election. These requirements are usually related to nationality, age, mental health, etc. Resources See Also Election Law Electoral Laws Electoral Legislation ...
116. Voter Information Voter Information in Election Law A process of giving relevant factual information about an election process on a timely basis. This includes when, where and how voters will vote. When this is done during the preparatory stages of an election, particularly a general election, it aids [...]...
117. Votes Single Non-transferable Vote (sntv) in Election Law Electoral system in which the voter is asked to vote for a single candidate in a multi-member district represented by several seats. The candidates who receive the most votes are declared winners. In this type of system, electors vote for [...]...
118. Voting Age Voting Age in Election Law Minimum legal age that a person must reach in order to be eligible to vote. The age is usually 18 but may vary from one country to another. Resources See Also Election Law Electoral Laws Electoral Legislation ...
119. Voire Dire From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Voire Dire (1): Where a priest made a preliminary examination of a woman to ascertain her mental capacity to make a confession, her answers in such preliminary examination were admissible in a contest on a will; but her confession was [...]...
120. Votes Cast Majority, Votes Cast From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Majority, Votes Cast (1): Where the majority of a congregation protested against the proposed candidate, but failed to vote for any one, such candidate who received the greatest number of votes cast, was lawfully [...]...