Related Entries of the International Encyclopedia:

1. Tariff Quotas Tariff Quotas in International Trade Meaning of Tariff Quotas, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Application of a higher tariff rate to imported goods after a specified quantity of the product has entered the country at a lower prevailing rate. See quota....
2. Eur-lex Note: there is more information about this term in the European legal Encyclopedia. Meaning of Eur-lex, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Portal that offers most European Union legal texts. EUR-Lex goal is bringing together the whole body of EU texts for [...]...
3. Eurostat Eurostat in International Trade Note: there is more information about this term in the European legal Encyclopedia. Meaning of Eurostat, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Eurostat is the Statistical Office of the European Union. Its task is to provide the [...]...
4. Liner Tariff Reduction Liner Tariff Reduction in International Trade Meaning of Liner Tariff Reduction, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A reduction by a given percentage for all tariffs maintained by countries participating in trade negotiations, with or without exceptions for [...]...
5. External Tariff Common External Tariff (CET) and Europe There is an entry on common external tariff (cet) in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Common External Tariff (CET)" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to [...]...
6. Non-tariff Barriers Non-tariff Barriers (NTBS) in International Trade Meaning of Non-tariff Barriers (NTBS), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Market access barriers that result from prohibitions, restrictions, conditions or specific requirements and make importing products [...]...
7. General Tariff A tariff schedule in which a single rate of duty applies to a given commodity irrespective of the country of origin. A general tariff makes no provision for preferential duties.......
8. Brussels Tariff Nomenclature Brussels Tariff Nomenclature (BTN) in International Trade Meaning of Brussels Tariff Nomenclature (btn), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A once widely used international tariff classification system that preceded the Customs Cooperation Council [...]...
9. Sad Sad in International Trade Meaning of Sad, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The Single Administration Document is a customs declaration document used by all countries within the European Union (EU). It is required for all exports of goods outside the [...]...
10. Market Access Data Base Market Access Data Base in International Trade Meaning of Market Access Data Base, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Database of the European Union with comprehensive information about tariffs in all countries of the world to European products and [...]...
11. European Patent Convention European Patent Convention (EPC) in E.U. Patent System Nineteen European countries are parties to the European Patent Convention. A patent application filed under this convention will, when granted, usually automatically be effective in each of the countries designated by the applicant. [...]...
12. Basel Convention Basel Convention in International Trade Meaning of Basel Convention, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A multilateral environmental agreement dealing with hazardous waste. Embracing mainstream international law, this section on basel convention explores [...]...
13. Movement Certificate Eur 1 Movement Certificate in International Trade Note: there is more information about this term in the European legal Encyclopedia. Meaning of Eur 1 Movement Certificate, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Goods transport certificate and proof of [...]...
14. Customs Area Customs Area in International Trade Meaning of Customs Area, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A geographic area, usually identical to one or several contiguous national political jurisdictions, applying a particular tariff schedule on goods entering or [...]...
15. European Option European Option in International Trade Note: there is more information about this term in the European legal Encyclopedia. Meaning of European Option, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A foreign exchange type of contract containing a provision to the [...]...
16. EMU EMU (Economic and Monetary Union) and Europe There is an entry on emu (economic and monetary union) in the European legal encyclopedia. EMU and the European Union Resources See Also Economic and Monetary Union Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "EMU (Economic and Monetary [...]...
17. Double Column Tariff Double-Column Tariff and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Double-Column Tariff: A tariff schedule listing two duty rates for some or all commodities. In any given case, the [...]...
18. Tariff Escalation Tariff Escalation and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Tariff Escalation: The application of tariff rates on raw materials that are lower than on processed versions of the [...]...
19. Eco-label Eco-label in International Trade Meaning of Eco-label, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A voluntary mark awarded by the European Union to producers who can show that their product is significantly less harmful to the environment than similar products....
20. Freight Tariff Not Otherwise Specified (NOS) in International Trade Meaning of Not Otherwise Specified (NOS), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): This expression and abbreviation is often applied to air freight tariffs, indicates that the rate stated in the tariff applies [...]...
21. Nesoi Nesoi in International Trade Meaning of Nesoi, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Not elsewhere specified or indicated is used for an item that is not mention elsewhere in a classification system, such as a customs or freight tariff. Similar to NES (Not [...]...
22. Economic Space European Economic Space and Europe There is an entry on european economic space in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "European Economic Space" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", by [...]...
23. Economic Community European Economic Community (EEC) and Europe There is an entry on european economic community (eec) in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "European Economic Community (EEC)" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from [...]...
24. Economic Area European Economic Area (EEA) and Europe There is an entry on european economic area (eea) in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "European Economic Area (EEA)" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to [...]...
25. European Community European Community (EC) in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of European Community (EC): (Previously known as the European Economic Community, or EEC; the term "European Communities" [...]...
26. Comtrade Comtrade in International Trade Meaning of Comtrade, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Database of the United Nations with exports and imports statistics by countries and tariff codes. The search route to be used for obtaining the trade statistics is: data [...]...
27. Most Favoured Nation Treatment Most Favoured Nation Treatment (MFN) in International Trade Meaning of Most Favoured Nation Treatment (MFN), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A non discriminatory trade policy commitment on the part of one country to extend to another country the lowest [...]...
28. Sitc Sitc in International Trade Meaning of Sitc, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The Standard International Trade Classification is a numerical code developed by the United nations for the classification of goods. See Brussels Tariff Nomenclature; Harmonized [...]...
29. Biding Biding in International Trade Meaning of Biding, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A provision in a trade agreement that no tariff rate higher that one specified in the agreement will be imposed during the life of the agreement....
30. Dublin Convention Dublin Convention and Europe There is an entry on dublin convention in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Dublin Convention" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", by Rodney Leach [...]...
31. Economic Integration Summary of Economic Integration The process of unifying two or more national economies through conscious coordination of trade, fiscal, and monetary activities. Economic integration is normally preceded by the reduction or abolition of tariffs, quotas, and similar constraints upon trade [...]...
32. Loading Summary of Loading A risk premium in addition to interest charges and acceptance fees deducted by a bank or discount house from the face value of a bill of exchange (read here for further details) presented for discounting. This additional margin will vary, depending upon the quality of the [...]...
33. CE Mark CE Mark in International Trade Meaning of Ce Mark, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The CE Mark Conformité Européene signifies that a product meets specific European Union conformity assessment regulations. The mark does not endorse the [...]...
34. International Road Transportation Convention International Road Transportation Convention in International Trade Meaning of International Road Transportation Convention, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The Convention on the Contract for the International Carriage by Road was adopted in Geneva in [...]...
35. European Economic Interest Grouping European Economic Interest Grouping and Europe There is an entry on european economic interest grouping in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "European Economic Interest Grouping" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union [...]...
36. Trade Act Trade Act in International Trade Meaning of Trade Act, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): In U.S. Law legislation granting the President broad authority to enter into international agreement to reduce import barriers. Major purposes are: Protect American [...]...
37. Customs Classification Customs Classification and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Customs Classification: The determination of the appropriate category in which a traded product is classified for [...]...
38. Import Duty Import Duty in International Trade Meaning of Import Duty, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Any tax on items imported. See also tariff....
39. International Road Transport Union International Road Transport Union (IRU) in International Trade Meaning of International Road Transport Union (IRU), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): An organization with members in 75 countries, the IRU assists bus, coach and truck operators throughout [...]...
40. Economic and Social Committee Economic and Social Committee (ESC) and Europe There is an entry on economic and social committee (esc) in the European legal encyclopedia. Economic and Social Committee and the European Union Resources See Also ESC Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Economic and Social [...]...
41. Group of Seven Group of Seven (G- 7) in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Group of Seven (G- 7): The seven leading industrial countries of the world: the United States, Japan, Germany, France, the United [...]...
42. Harmonized Tariff System In the United States For information about Harmonized Tariff System in the context of international trade, click here...
43. Trade Facilitation Trade Facilitation in International Trade Meaning of Trade Facilitation, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Removing obstacles to the movement of goods across borders (e.g. simplification of customs procedures). The International Law of Customs: Trade [...]...
44. Import Import in International Trade Meaning of Import, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): 1. To receive goods and services from abroad. 2. An imported item. Cultural Property: Import Restrictions In relation to the international law practice and cultural [...]...
45. Gateway A city or other point at which cargo is transferred between tariff jurisdictions.......
46. Convention Definition of Convention In accordance with the work A Dictionary of Law, this is a description of Convention : 1. A *treaty, usually of a multilateral nature. The International Law Commission prepares draft conventions on various issues for the progressive development of international law. 2. [...]...
47. Commercial Treaty Commercial Treaty in International Trade Meaning of Commercial Treaty, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): An agreement between two or more countries setting forth conditions under which business between or among the countries may be transacted. It may [...]...
48. Convention on Data Protection Convention on Data Protection and Europe There is an entry on convention on data protection in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Convention on Data Protection" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to [...]...
49. CFS CFS Charge in International Trade Meaning of Cfs Charge, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The charge assessed for services performed at the origin or destination for loading or unloading of cargo into/from containers at a CFS Container Freight Station....
50. Acquis A French term meaning 'that which has been acquired' and used in relation to European Union law, most notably in the form of the acquis communautaire , to signify the entire body of European laws. The term has also been used with reference to the Schengen process concerning the [...]...
51. Social Partners Social partners in the International Trade Union Rights Area Definition of Social partners provided by ITUC-CSI-IGB: Unions and employers or their representative organisations. Social Partners and Europe There is an entry on social partners in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See [...]...
52. Global Trade Alert Global Trade Alert in International Trade Meaning of Global Trade Alert, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Website that offers information about international trade barriers or state measures that are likely to affect international trade. It identifies the [...]...
53. License Agreements License Agreements in International Trade Meaning of License Agreements, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A contractual arrangement in which the licensor's patents, trademarks, service marks, copyrights or know-how may be sold or otherwise made [...]...
54. Treaty of Rome Treaty Of Rome Summary of Treaty Of Rome The document, signed at Rome in 1957 (effective January 1, 1958), by which the six founding states established the European Economic Community (read this and related legal terms for further details). (Main Author: William J. Miller) The Treaty of [...]...
55. EEC Embracing mainstream international law, this section on eec explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. EEC and Europe There is an entry on eec in the European legal encyclopedia. EEC and the European Union Resources See Also International Organization [...]...
56. WEU WEU (Western European Union) and Europe There is an entry on weu (western european union) in the European legal encyclopedia. Common Foreign and Security Policy, NATO and WEU and the European Union WEU and the European Union Resources See Also International Organization Foreign Relations [...]...
57. Freight Rate LCL/fcl in International Trade Meaning of LCL/fcl, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A way of quoting container freight rates in which the carrier agrees to pack the container at the outset (LCL) but unpacking at destination must be carried out by the [...]...
58. G-7 G-7 (Group of Seven) in International Law Meaning of G-7 Group of Seven, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Group comprising the major industrialized nations in economic terms, which in view if the global importance of the member states have made in their [...]...
59. Invisible Barriers to Trade Invisible Barriers to Trade in International Trade Meaning of Invisible Barriers to Trade, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Government regulations that do not directly restrict trade, but indirectly impede free trade by imposing excessive or obscure [...]...
60. European Monetary Union Meaning of European Monetary Union Here is a very short concept of european monetary union in the European Union framework: It is a common mistake that EMU means European monetary union. In fact the initials stand for Economic and Monetary Union, a more far-reaching goal. Resources Notas y [...]...
61. Intervention Summary of Intervention A process within the framework of the Common Agricultural Policy (read this and related legal terms for further details) of the European Economic Community whereby the EEC will purchase certain commodities currently selling below a stipulated target price. The price [...]...
62. Trade Barriers Standards-Related Activity and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Standards-Related Activity: An activity undertaken in conjunction with administration or enforcement of [...]...
63. Euro-pallet Euro-pallet in International Trade Note: there is more information about this term in the European legal Encyclopedia. Meaning of Euro-pallet, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A type of wooden pallet measured in millimeters that has the dimensions 800 mm [...]...
64. Global Quota See Quota.......
65. In Transit Entry In Transit Entry in International Trade Meaning of In Transit Entry (i.t.), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): This term allows foreign merchandise arriving at one port to be transported in bond to another port, where a superseding entry is filed....
66. Offer Summary of Offer In vessel charter transactions, synonymous with Firm Offer (read this and related legal terms for further details).(Main Author: William J. Miller) Best and Final Offer (BFO) in International Trade Meaning of Best and Final Offer (bfo), according to the [...]...
67. Europa The Legal History of Islamic Law in Europa This section provides an overview of Islamic Law in Europa Europa and Europe There is an entry on europa in the European legal encyclopedia. Meaning of Europa (Alternative Meaning) Here is a very short concept of europa in the European Union [...]...
68. Straight Straight B/L in International Trade Meaning of Straight B/l, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A non-negotiable bill of lading which specifies the consignee to whom the goods are to be delivered. It is used when payment for the goods has been made in [...]...
69. Trade Unions Trade Unions and Europe There is an entry on trade unions in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Trade Unions" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", by Rodney Leach (Profile Books; London)...
70. European Model European Model and Europe There is an entry on european model in the European legal encyclopedia. European model and the European Union Resources See Also European social model Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "European Model" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of [...]...
71. European Communities Summary of European Communities The name for the collective institution that embraces the European Economic Community, the European Atomic Energy Community, and the European Coal And Steel Community (qq.v.). Each of the three entities was established by separate convention, the earliest of [...]...
72. Equivalence Equivalence in International Trade Meaning of Equivalence, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): In sanitary-phytosanitary measures (SPS): governments recognizing other countries' measures as acceptable even if they are different from their own, so long as [...]...
73. Space Meaning of Ariane (Alternative Meaning: see also translation in this reference) Here is a very short concept of ariane in the European Union framework: A French-designed rocket launcher for commercial satellites (see more in the European legal encyclopedia). (See European Space Agency in the [...]...
74. ECU Ecu Summary of Ecu The European Monetary System is considered here.(Main Author: William J. Miller) ECU and International Trade Economy ECU (European Currency Unit) and Europe There is an entry on ecu (european currency unit) in the European legal encyclopedia. ECU and the [...]...
75. Lome Convention Introduction to Lome Convention Lomé Convention, trade and aid agreement between the European Union (EU) and 70 African, Caribbean, and Pacific (ACP) countries, first signed in February 1975 in Lomé, Togo. The Lomé Convention provided a framework of cooperation between [...]...
76. Committees System of Committees Further Reading A concise encyclopedia of the United Nations (including Committees, H Volger, KA Annan -2010) The Oxford Handbook on the United Nations (TG Weiss - 2007) International Law: A Dictionary (including Committees, Boczek, Boleslaw Adam -2005) Dooge Committee [...]...
77. Tariff Classification In the United States For information about Tariff classification in the context of international trade, click here...
78. Equivalent Unit Forty-foot Equivalent Unit in International Trade Meaning of FEU (Forty-foot Equivalent Unit), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A practice in marine commerce expressing cargo quantity in terms of forty-foot container loads. One FEU equals two TEUs [...]...
79. Europages Europages in International Trade Meaning of Europages, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Europages is the main business directory for finding, selecting and contacting companies in all European countries. It has near 3 million companies registered. The [...]...
80. Fhex Fhex in International Trade Meaning of Fhex, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A term meaning that Fridays and Holidays are Excluded in calculating the laytime for vessel chartering....
81. Fhinc Fhinc in International Trade Meaning of Fhinc, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A term meaning that Fridays and Holidays are Included in calculating the laytime for vessel chartering....
82. Restitution Restitution in International Trade Meaning of Restitution, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): In law, remedy for a breach of contract by which the parties are restored to their original positions before the contract was made or the breach occurred. Damages [...]...
83. Shex Shex in International Trade Meaning of Shex, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A term meaning that Sundays and holidays are excluded in calculating the laytime for vessel chartering....
84. Shicn Shicn in International Trade Meaning of Shicn, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A term meaning that Sundays and holidays are included in calculating the laytime for vessel chartering....
85. Wipo Wipo Wipo in International Trade Meaning of Wipo, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The World Intellectual Property Organization is specialized agency of the United Nations system that seeks to promote international cooperation in the protection of [...]...
86. Council of Ministers Council of Ministers (Council, or Council of the European Union) and Europe There is an entry on council of ministers (council, or council of the european union) in the European legal encyclopedia. Council of Ministers and the European Union Resources See Also Council Resources See Also [...]...
87. Tariff Preferences Summary of Tariff Preferences Essentially synonymous with Trade Preferences (read this and related legal terms for further details).(Main Author: William J. Miller) Embracing mainstream international law, this section on tariff preferences explores the context, history and effect [...]...
88. Free Trade Agreement Free Trade Agreement and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Free Trade Agreement: An agreement between two or more countries establishing a free trade area (FTA)....
89. Cietac Cietac in International Trade Meaning of Cietac, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The China International and Economic Trade Arbitration Commission is a major arbitration institution in China. CIETAC headquarters are in Beijing, and also has [...]...
90. Export Subsidies Export Subsidies in International Trade Meaning of Export Subsidies, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Government payments, economic inducements or their financially quantifiable benefits provided to domestic producers or exporters contingent on the export [...]...
91. Limited Liability Company Gmbh (Gesellschaft Mit Beschränker Haftung) in Company Law Meaning of Gmbh (Gesellschaft Mit Beschränker Haftung), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): In German speaking countries (Austria, Germany, Switzerland) a designation for a private limited [...]...
92. Safeguards Safeguards in International Trade Meaning of Safeguards, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Emergency measure taken when increased imports of particular products cause or threaten to cause serious injury to the importing country's domestic industry. [...]...
93. Sanitary Measures Sanitary Measures in International Trade Meaning of Sanitary Measures, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Regulations that governments impose to restrict imports for health protection reasons. See also phytosanitary certificate; sanitary certificate. [...]...
94. Trade Name Trade Name in International Trade Meaning of Trade Name, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The name under which an organization conduct business, or by which the business or its goods or services are identified. it may or may not be registered as a trademark....
95. Benelux Benelux Summary of Benelux An acronym for Belgium-Nether- lands-Luxembourg. Following World War II, the three nations formed a customs union with long- range objectives of establishing a single monetary and fiscal system. The localized objectives of the three Benelux countries were [...]...
96. Born Global Born Global in International Trade Meaning of Born Global, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Born global is a type of company that from the beginning of its activities pursues a vision of becoming global and globalizes rapidly without any preceding long [...]...
97. Steamship Line Steamship Line in International Trade Meaning of Steamship Line, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A company usually having the following departments: vessel operations, container operations, tariff department, bookings, outbound rates, inward rates, and [...]...
98. Vanning Synonymous with stowing or loading a trailer or container.......
99. Variable Levy Variable Levy and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Variable Levy: An import duty that is subject to alteration as world market prices change, designed to ensure that the [...]...
100. Validity Validity in International Trade Meaning of Validity, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The time period for which a letter of credit is valid. After receiving notice of a letter of opened in his behalf, the seller/exporter/beneficiary must meet all the [...]...
101. Valuation Charges Valuation Charges in International Trade Meaning of Valuation Charges, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Transportation charges assessed shippers who declare a value of goods higher that the value of carriers' limits liability. See declared value for [...]...
102. Valuation Clause Valuation Clause in International Trade Meaning of Valuation Clause, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The clause in a marine cargo insurance policy that contains the agreed basis for determining the value of covered goods. This sets the amount due under [...]...
103. Value for Money Value For Money (VFM) in International Trade Meaning of Value For Money (VFM), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A measure of quality that assesses the monetary cost of the product or service against the quality and/or benefits of that product or service, [...]...
104. Variable Geometry Variable Geometry and Europe There is an entry on variable geometry in the European legal encyclopedia. Variable geometry and the European Union Resources See Also Differentiated integration Two-speed Europe Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Variable Geometry" in the work [...]...
105. Value Chains Resources See Also International Trade Trade Regulation International Economic Law Export License International Trade Law Foreign Trade Safeguard Transport...
106. Van Vechten, Carl Van Vechten, Carl, 1880-1964. Books published: The tiger in the house, by Carl Van Vechten. New York, A.A. Knopf: 1922. ... Read more...
107. Vagrancy (Disambiguation) Vagrancy (Disambiguation) Vagrancy, living on the streets without a permanent home or means of livelihood. Vagrants are often considered public ... Read more...
108. Veto Veto Definition (Lat. I forbid). Veto may be defined as the refusal of the executive body of a country whose assent is necessary to let pass a law or measure approbed already by the legislative body. See veto in the legal dictonary. In Europe The veto power of the British sovereign has [...]...
109. Commodity Summary of Commodity A nondifferentiated product produced with commonly available technology.(Main Author: William J. Miller) The Legal History of Commodity in Islamic Law This section provides an overview of Commodity in Islamic Law Commodity in International Trade Meaning of [...]...
110. Common Market Summary of Common Market A supranational organization of trading nations, created to promote economic collaboration and minimize constraints on the free movement of goods among the member states. Features of a common market include elimination of tariffs on goods moving between member [...]...
111. Customs Union Summary of Customs Union An arrangement among participating countries whereby tariffs are eliminated or virtually eliminated on products moving between members, and a common external tariff (read this and related legal terms for further details) is adopted to provide uniform treatment to [...]...
112. Discrimination Summary of Discrimination Unequal treatment in the duties, quotas, or administrative controls accorded to the products of one or more nations. Generally speaking, any nation which does not enjoy most FAVORED NATION (read this and related legal terms for further details) status is the subject [...]...
113. Economic Union Summary of Economic Union Also known as an economic community, an advanced form of economic integration on the part of several states. The economic union incorporates the features of a Common market (read this and related legal terms for further details)—unrestricted free trade among [...]...
114. Free Trade Area Summary of Free Trade Area An association of states that seeks to overcome impediments to trade among members by reducing or eliminating tariffs among the participants. The members of a free trade area do not maintain a common external tariff nor do they (usually) provide for the free flow [...]...
115. Valeur Mercuriale An official value, used in the computation of ad valorem duties, assigned by governmental authority to certain classes of imported products. The term is peculiar to certain West African countries, notably Senegal and Benin.......
116. Validation A concept applied in some jurisdictions relative to choice of law under contracts. See Center of Gravity Theory.......
117. Valuation Tariff A customs tariff in which ad valorem duties are applied not on the sale or commercial value of the merchandise, but on a nominal value for the product prescribed by governmental authority. For example, sheet steel might carry a duty of 5 percent ad valorem, but the tariff prescribes that the value f......
118. Value Added Tax Summary of Value Added Tax A tax imposed upon the value added to a product at each stage of the production process. The tax is applicable to all goods, from primary to consumer products. Each processor in the chain of production pays the tax in the purchase price of the goods, applying the [...]...
119. Value Date The day on which foreign exchange will be delivered and paid for, usually two business days following the transaction.......
120. Valuta A word of Italian origin, meaning literally "foreign currency," but used in international banking as a synonym for division, or short-term foreign bills.......