Related Entries of the International Encyclopedia:

1. Customs Classification Customs Classification and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Customs Classification: The determination of the appropriate category in which a traded product is classified for [...]...
2. Bound Rates Bound Rates and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Bound Rates: Most favored-nation tariff rates resulting from GATT negotiations and thereafter incorporated as integral [...]...
3. Customs Trade Regulations Law of Similars and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Law of Similars: Regulations limiting importation of a product or altering its tariff treatment if a "similar" [...]...
4. Tariffication Tariffication and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Tariffication: Conversion of a quota or other nontariff barrier (NTB) to a tariff providing an equivalent amount of [...]...
5. GATT Standing Committee GATT Standing Committee and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of GATT Standing Committee: A permanent body of GATT members dealing with a specific area of trade policy. Includes [...]...
6. Multilateral Trade Negotiations Negotiations among many nations acting in concert for the purpose of reducing trade barriers. Since the inception of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (read about the GATT for further details). in 1947, the mos......
7. Dutiable Status A determination made by customs authorities, in accordance with the laws of the importing nation, as to whether a given imported article is subject to duty, and if so, at what rate. The dutiable status is determined by classifying the merchandise, i.e., determining into which category the [...]...
8. Degressivity Degressivity and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Degressivity: The characteristic of a trade restriction, which diminishes in severity over time. A degressive measure could [...]...
9. Modifications Modifications and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Modifications: Alteration or withdrawal of trade concessions previously made within GATT. Contracting Parties are [...]...
10. Customs Value Customs Value and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Customs Value: A method of valuing imported goods which excludes shipping costs from the final price....
11. Initial Negotiating Right Initial Negotiating Right (INR) and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Initial Negotiating Right (INR): A right held by a GA TT member to be compensated by another member if a [...]...
12. Negotiations Item-by-Item Negotiations and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Item-by-Item Negotiations: A method of tariff negotiations in which the expected trade effects of each [...]...
13. Customs Harmonization Customs Harmonization and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Customs Harmonization: Intemational efforts to increase the uniformity of customs procedures such as valuation, [...]...
14. Geneva Rounds Geneva Rounds and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Geneva Rounds: The first and fourth GATT Round of multilateral trade negotiations, held in Geneva, Switzerland. The [...]...
15. Dillon Round A series of multinational trade discussions conducted during 1960-1962 under the sponsorship of the general agreement of tariffs and Trade (read this and related legal terms for further details). The principal result of ......
16. Principal Supplier A nation that serves as the major source of supply to another country for a specific product.......
17. Protocol Relating to Trade Negotiations Among Developing Countries Protocol Relating to Trade Negotiations Among Developing Countries and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Protocol Relating to Trade Negotiations Among Developing Countries: [...]...
18. Nontariff Barriers Nontariff Barriers (NTBs) and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Nontariff Barriers (NTBs): Measures other than tariffs that burden or restrict international trade. NTBs may [...]...
19. Conventional Duty A customs duty, or rate of duty, arising out of a treaty or other international agreement, as contrasted with an autonomous duty unilaterally imposed by a government absent of any international agreement.......
20. Trade Policy Review Mechanism Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM): A process of examination in the GATT Council to provide [...]...
21. Column 1 Rate The rate of duty applied by U.S. Customs to imports from nations enjoying Most Favored Nation (read this and related legal terms for further details) status. See TARIFF (CUSTOMS); Tariff Schedules of the United States.......
22. Trade War Introduction to Trade War Trade War, economic tug-of-war between nations in which each side tries to limit the other's exports while flooding the other's market with its own goods." (1) Resources Notes and References Information about "http://lawi......
23. Trade Barriers Standards-Related Activity and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Standards-Related Activity: An activity undertaken in conjunction with administration or enforcement of [...]...
24. Most-favored-nation A privilege granted to a nation to have customs duties levied upon its products at the lowest rate offered to any other nation. Customarily, the extension of most favored nation status is reciprocal. See tariff (Customs).......
25. Import Restrictions Import Restrictions and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Import Restrictions: Measures to limit or control the volume of imports by means of tariffs ornontariff barriers [...]...
26. Tokyo Declaration The pronouncement of a 1973 gathering in Tokyo of foreign, finance, and trade ministers of the major industrial nations, meeting to discuss economic and trade problems. The joint communique issued by the ministers called for increased trade through the elimination of tariff and nontariff [...]...
27. Import Licensing Import Licensing and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Import Licensing: Procedures requiring the submission of an application or other documentation (other than those [...]...
28. Chicken War A protracted dispute between the United States and the European Economic Community arising from the adoption of Europe's COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY (read this and related legal terms for further details) on chicken i......
29. Margin of Preference Margin of Preference and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Margin of Preference: The difference between the duty paid under a system of tariff preferences and the duty [...]...
30. Enabling Clause Enabling Clause and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Enabling Clause: Pan of the 1979 Framework Agreement providing a legal basis in GATT for industrial countries to grant [...]...
31. Ministerial Declaration Ministerial Declaration and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Ministerial Declaration: A decision by trade ministers of GATT members to launch a GATT Round of multilateral [...]...
32. Customs Territory The geographical area of a country, its possessions, and surrounding waters within which the customs authority is empowered to impose duties and controls upon foreign merchandise entering therein. The customs territory need not necessarily incorporate all the territory over which a nation [...]...
33. Reduction Linear Reduction and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Linear Reduction: A tariff negotiating procedure based on reduction of tariffs by a specified percentage on an entire [...]...
34. Functioning of the GATT System Functioning of the GATT System (FOGS) and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Functioning of the GATT System (FOGS): Designation for a negotiating group in the Uruguay Round [...]...
35. Harmonization Harmonization and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Harmonization: Cutting tariffs in a way that results in greater uniformity in rates applied to most items within each [...]...
36. Quadrilateral Quadrilateral ("Quad") and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Quadrilateral ("Quad"): In GATT parlance, a meeting involving senior trade officials or [...]...
37. Treatment Special and Differential Treatment (S&D) and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Special and Differential Treatment (S&D): Preferential treatment given to industrial countries [...]...
38. Concessions Schedule of Concessions and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Schedule of Concessions: A list of import duties applicable to specific goods which a GATT Contracting Party [...]...
39. Customs Procedures Customs and Administrative Entry Procedures and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Customs and Administrative Entry Procedures: Formalities applying to customs clearance of [...]...
40. Customs Regulation Market Access: Customs Regulation in International Economic Law In international economic law, market access: customs regulation includes the following legal areas, with coverage in this world legal encyclopedia: li> Harmonised System and Schedules of Concession Modes of Multilateral Tariff [...]...
41. Substantial Supplier Substantial Supplier and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Substantial Supplier: An exporting country accounting for at least 10 percent of a country's imports of a given [...]...
42. Sensitive Products Sensitive Products and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Sensitive Products: Goods produced by a domestic industry employing large numbers of workers, for which the costs of [...]...
43. Preferences Preferences and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Preferences: Special trade advantages granted by an importing country to certain trading partners, in contrast to [...]...
44. Rules of Origin Rules of Origin and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Rules of Origin: The laws, regulations, and administrative practices that are applied to ascribe acountry of origin to [...]...
45. Related Specificity A rule of customs law that when two or more tariff provisions might be applied to an item, the one that most specifically describes the article shall be applied.......
46. Trade Negotiations Committee Trade Negotiations Committee (TNC) in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Trade Negotiations Committee (TNC): The steering group established at the outset of the GA 1TUruguay Round (Sec. I) to [...]...
47. Binding Binding and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Binding: A formal commitment specifying maximum levels at which a GATT member's tariffs on a given product will be set. [...]...
48. Concession Summary of Concession An undertaking by one nation to reduce a tariff rate, increase a quota, or otherwise relieve an economic impediment to trade, usually in response to like concessions from trading partners. In addition to such reciprocal concessions, a nation may offer special duty [...]...
49. Framework Initiative Framework Initiative and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Framework Initiative: (Also known as the New Economic Partnership). An initiative launched by the United States in [...]...
50. Trade Bloc Trade Bloc and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Trade Bloc: A general term referring to regional arrangements among countries that have established formal mechanisms for [...]...
51. Tokyo Round The seventh, and latest, round of multilateral trade negotiations sponsored by the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (read about the GATT for further details). Running from 1973 to 1979, the Tokyo Round resulted in......
52. Computed Value Computed Value and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Computed Value: (Not to be confused with constructed value.) An alternative method permitted by the Customs Valuation [...]...
53. Formula Approach Formula Approach and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Formula Approach: A tariff negotiating procedure in which a general formula for calculating tariff reductions on all [...]...
54. Government Procurement Government Procurement and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Government Procurement: Government policies and procedures for purchasing goods and services. Procurement [...]...
55. Free Trade Agreement Free Trade Agreement and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Free Trade Agreement: An agreement between two or more countries establishing a free trade area (FTA)....
56. Prohibitive Duty A rate of duty so high as to effectively preclude entry of an item. Generally, prohibitive duties increase the selling price to such a level that the item cannot compete with domestic substitutes. Prohibitive duties are designed to protect domestic infant or ailing industries from vigorous [...]...
57. Import Quota Import Quota and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Import Quota: A means of restricting or controlling imports by specifying the quantity or value of a commodity, which may [...]...
58. Economic Summit Economic Summit and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Economic Summit: Although the term can be used more generally, its most prominent use is in referring to the annual [...]...
59. Free Trade Area Summary of Free Trade Area An association of states that seeks to overcome impediments to trade among members by reducing or eliminating tariffs among the participants. The members of a free trade area do not maintain a common external tariff nor do they (usually) provide for the free flow [...]...
60. User Fee User Fee and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of User Fee: A fee for a service --such as the provision of customs operations by the government of the importing country [...]...
61. GATT Codes GATT Codes and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of GATT Codes: Agreements negotiated under GATT auspices to remove or lessen the trade-distorting effects of nontariff measures [...]...
62. Common Market Summary of Common Market A supranational organization of trading nations, created to promote economic collaboration and minimize constraints on the free movement of goods among the member states. Features of a common market include elimination of tariffs on goods moving between member [...]...
63. Minimum Valuation Minimum Valuation and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Minimum Valuation: A form of valuation for tariff purposes in which all items below a certain threshold value in an [...]...
64. De Facto Membership De Facto Member of GATT and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of De Facto Member of GATT: A former dependency of a GATT member that since attaining independence has applied the [...]...
65. Tariff Policy Related Fields Related topics include: International Trade Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Trade Regulation Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. International Economic Law Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Export License Find this subject in [...]...
66. Tariff Negotiation Resources See Also International Trade Trade Regulation International Economic Law Export License International Trade Law Foreign Trade Safeguard Tariff Policy...
67. Tariff Reduction Resources See Also International Trade Trade Regulation International Economic Law Export License International Trade Law Foreign Trade Safeguard Tariff Policy...
68. Tariff Other Popular Tax Definitions in the World Legal Encyclopedia Adjusted Gross Income (sometimes, including Tariff) Ad Valorem Tax (sometimes, including Tariff) Alternative Minimum Tax (sometimes, including Tariff) Big Four (audit firms) (sometimes, including Tariff) Black Market (sometimes, [...]...
69. Tariff Escalation Tariff Escalation and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Tariff Escalation: The application of tariff rates on raw materials that are lower than on processed versions of the [...]...
70. Tariff Biding Tariff Biding in International Trade Meaning of Tariff Biding, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Commitment not to increase a rate of duty beyond an agreed level. Once a rate of duty is bound, it may not be raised without compensating the affected parties....
71. Tariff Agreement Resources See Also International Trade Trade Regulation International Economic Law Export License International Trade Law Foreign Trade Safeguard...
72. Tax Reform Resources See Also Taxation Public Finance Public Policy Tax Law Financial Regulation...
73. Tariff (Customs) A document issued by a nation's customs authority principally for the purpose of specifying rates of duty to be applied on various imported products. A tariff customarily also includes quantitative restrictions (quotas) upon certain imports, preferential duties on products imported from specifie......
74. Tariff (Freight) A document issued, usually in booklet form, by a Common Carrier (read this and related legal terms for further details) listing its charges for transportation services. Commonly, the rate, or cost of transportation, vari......
75. Tariff Act Of 1930 Also known as the Smoot- Hawley Act, this established the highest rates of duty ever imposed by the United States. Its passage was essentially a response to domestic unemployment during the Depression and protectionist forces in the agricultural and certain manufacturing sectors. Other nations accom......
76. Tariff Rate A rate for insurance coverage specifically prescribed by local regulation. Usually the rate is higher than might be derived through negotiations with a nonadmitted (read this and related legal terms for further details) ......
77. Tariff Schedules Tariff Schedules of the United States, Annotated, and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of TSUSA (Tariff Schedules of the United States, Annotated): The classification system in which US import data [...]...
78. Tariff Anomaly Tariff Anomaly and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Tariff Anomaly: A situation in which the tariff on raw materials or semi-manufactured goods is higher than the tariff on [...]...
79. Tariff Quota Tariff Quota and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Tariff Quota: A two-stage tariff, providing a base tariff rate that applies to goods up to a specified quantity imported [...]...
80. Tariff Rates Column 2 Rates and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Column 2 Rates: US tariff rates assessed on imports from countries not receiving most- favored-nationtreatment. Most [...]...
81. Tariff Binding Tariff Binding and International Trade Resources See Also binding ...
82. Tariff Peaks Tariff Peaks and International Trade Resources See Also harmonization...
83. Tariff Nomenclature Brussels Tariff Nomenclature (BTN) and International Trade Resources See Also Harmonized System...
84. Tariff Surcharge Tariff Surcharge and International Trade Resources See Also import surcharge...
85. Tariff Code In the United States For information about Tariff Code in the context of international trade, click here...
86. Tariff Quotas Tariff Quotas in International Trade Meaning of Tariff Quotas, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Application of a higher tariff rate to imported goods after a specified quantity of the product has entered the country at a lower prevailing rate. See quota....
87. Preferential Tariff Resources See Also International Trade Trade Regulation International Economic Law Export License International Trade Law Foreign Trade Safeguard Tariff Policy...
88. The Family and the Market: A Study of Ideology and Legal Reform Contents The Family and the Market: A Study of Ideology and Legal Reform   Frances E. Olsen Reform strategies aimed ... Read more...
89. Tariff Commission For more details on United States International Trade Commission, click here.......
90. Tariff Preferences Summary of Tariff Preferences Essentially synonymous with Trade Preferences (read this and related legal terms for further details).(Main Author: William J. Miller) Embracing mainstream international law, this section on tariff preferences explores the context, history and effect [...]...
91. Transit Tariff A duty or tax imposed by a nation on merchandise crossing its territory en route from one country to another. Transit tariffs have been abolished by all major nations but are still imposed by some developing nations as a source of revenue.......
92. Tariff Schedule Tariff Schedule and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Tariff Schedule: A comprehensive list of the goods, which a country imports, and the import duties applicable to each [...]...
93. Tariff Classification In the United States For information about Tariff classification in the context of international trade, click here...
94. Freight Tariff Not Otherwise Specified (NOS) in International Trade Meaning of Not Otherwise Specified (NOS), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): This expression and abbreviation is often applied to air freight tariffs, indicates that the rate stated in the tariff applies [...]...
95. Non-tariff Barriers Non-tariff Barriers (NTBS) in International Trade Meaning of Non-tariff Barriers (NTBS), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Market access barriers that result from prohibitions, restrictions, conditions or specific requirements and make importing products [...]...
96. Common External Tariff Summary of Common External Tariff The uniform customs tariff applied by all the member states of a customs union or common market to imports from nonmember nations.(Main Author: William J. Miller) Common External Tariff and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT [...]...
97. Temporary Tariff Surcharge An increased rate of duty on imports temporarily applied, usually to aid in correcting a balance of payments deficit.......
98. Double Column Tariff Double-Column Tariff and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Double-Column Tariff: A tariff schedule listing two duty rates for some or all commodities. In any given case, the [...]...
99. Tariff Rate Quota Tariff Rate Quota (TRQ) and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Tariff Rate Quota (TRQ): Alternative term for tariff quota....
100. Brussels Tariff Nomenclature Brussels Tariff Nomenclature (BTN) in International Trade Meaning of Brussels Tariff Nomenclature (btn), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A once widely used international tariff classification system that preceded the Customs Cooperation Council [...]...
101. Liner Tariff Reduction Liner Tariff Reduction in International Trade Meaning of Liner Tariff Reduction, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A reduction by a given percentage for all tariffs maintained by countries participating in trade negotiations, with or without exceptions for [...]...
102. Electoral Reform Introduction Electoral Reform, elimination of undemocratic, dishonest, and corrupt practices in the conduct of public elections. Reform is usually effected by statutory enactments that contain provisions for accomplishing one or more of the following ends: a change in the qualification [...]...
103. Divorce Reform Introduction to Divorce ReformA divorce reform movement finally took place in the early 1970s in Britain and the United States. The movement was originally initiated by a group, assembled by the archbishop of Canterbury, who proposed a single, no-fault ground that required a judge to grant ......
104. Prison Reform Prison History Prison ReformIntroduction to Prison ReformIn the 1770s British social reformer John Howard criticized prison conditions and the exploitation of prisoners in England. Howard visited several countries to inspect their prison systems and reported his experiences and obs......
105. Law Reform Resources See Also Law Rule of Law Law System Legislation...
106. Political Reform Political Reform in Election Law Set of measures applied to review laws governing the political environment and political action and, by extension, reform the political institutions which are based upon these laws. Resources See Also Election Law Electoral Laws Electoral Legislation ...
107. Tort Reform Tort Reform Explained in the United States of America (In the U.S. law) References See Also Tort (in international or comparative law) Product Liability (in international or comparative law) Resources See Also Tort Product Liability...
108. Un Reform United Nations Reform in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On April 6, 2011, Ambassador Susan E. Rice, U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations, addressed the State and Foreign Operations [...]...
109. Law Reform Agencies Contents Law Reform Agencies Law Reform Agencies and Simiar Bodies United Kingdom ADR – alternative dispute resolution – is a ... Read more...
110. Rule of Law Reform Contents Rule of Law Reform Multilateral Institutions Working on Rule of Law The World Bank provides financial and technical assistance ... Read more...
111. Land Reform Property in Latin America is more unevenly distributed than any other region in the world. Bolivia was quite arguably one of the worst. As part of his campaign pledge, Evo Morales begun in 200 a program to redistribute up to 20% of the land from wealthy landowners, to hardworking peasants, [...]...
112. Budget Reform Literature Review on Budget Reform In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Jerry McCaffery offers the following summary about the topic of Budget Reform: Budget reform involves restructuring the budget process to provide better information so that decision [...]...
113. Bureaucratic Reform Literature Review on Bureaucratic Reform In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Brendan F. Burke offers the following summary about the topic of Bureaucratic Reform: State-level reform has taken several active paths during the past decade. This entry describes [...]...
114. Administrative Reform Literature Review on Ethics and Administrative Reform In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Jeroen Maesschalck offers the following summary about the topic of Ethics and Administrative Reform: The implementation of "new public management" as well as [...]...
115. Police Reform Literature Review on Honduras: Police Reform In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Mark Ungar offers the following summary about the topic of Honduras: Police Reform: Honduras, with the world's highest murder rate and extensive infiltration by organized [...]...
116. Welfare Reform Literature Review on (Social Policy) Welfare Reform In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Edward T. Jennings offers the following summary about the topic of (Social Policy) Welfare Reform: Reform has dramatically changed the character, symbolism, and [...]...
117. Economic Reform Resources See Also Legal System Country Jurisdiction Immigration Consulate...
118. Agrarian Reform Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Agriculture...
119. United Nations Reform Reform of the United Nations Further ReadingA concise encyclopedia of the United Nations (including United Nations Reform, H Volger, KA Annan -2010) The Oxford Handbook on the United Nations (TG Weiss - 2007) International Law: A Dictionary (including United Nations Reform, Boczek, Boleslaw [...]...
120. Export Control Reform Export Control Reform in 2013 United States views on international law [1] in relation to Export Control Reform: On April 16, 2013, the Department of State announced that the U.S. Government had issued the first in a series of new rules regarding the export of munitions and commercial [...]...