Tag: Zionism
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Anti-Semitism
Zionism Historical Background: The Rise of Modern Anti-SemitismIntroduction to Anti-SemitismPolitical emancipation, however, proved to be a false dawn. In the second half of the 19th century organized anti-Semitic parties emerged in Germany and Austria-Hungary. In Russia, where the…
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Anti-Semitism
Zionism Historical Background: The Rise of Modern Anti-SemitismIntroduction to Anti-SemitismPolitical emancipation, however, proved to be a false dawn. In the second half of the 19th century organized anti-Semitic parties emerged in Germany and Austria-Hungary. In Russia, where the…
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Zionism
Introduction to ZionismZionism, movement to unite the Jewish people of the Diaspora (exile) and settle them in Palestine; it arose in the late 19th century and culminated in 1948 in the establishment of the state of Israel. The movement's name is derived from Zion, the hill on which the…
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Zionism History
Zionism Historical BackgroundIntroduction to Zionism HistoryZionism as an organized political movement originated in the 19th century, but its roots go back to the 6th century bc, when the Jews were carried off to captivity in Babylon and their prophets encouraged them to believe t…
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Zionism in the 20th Century
Zionism Zionism in the 20th CenturyIntroduction to Zionism in the 20th CenturyThe two greatest achievements of Zionism in this century are the commitment made by the British government in the Balfour Declaration of 1917 and the establishment of Israel in 1948.During World W…
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Zionism Precursors
Precursors of ZionismIntroduction to Zionism PrecursorsIn the mid-19th century, two European Orthodox rabbis, Jehuda Alkalai and Zevi Hirsch Kalischer, adapted the traditional belief in a Messiah to modern conditions by teaching that Jews themselves must lay the groundwork for his …
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Zionism Varieties
Varieties of ZionismIntroduction to Zionism VarietiesZionism has spawned a profusion of different ideas and ideologies. The cultural Zionists, whose chief spokesman was the Russian journalist Ahad Ha-am, emphasized the importance of making Palestine a center for the spiritual and c…
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Zionist Movement
The Foundation of the Zionist MovementIntroduction to Zionist MovementIn 1896 Theodor Herzl, a Hungarian born Jewish journalist, published a short book aptly called The Jewish State, in which he analyzed the causes of anti-Semitism and proposed its cure, the creation of a Jewish st…
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Haskalah
Zionism Historical Background: The Haskalah and the Move to AssimilateIntroduction to HaskalahA secular Zionism could not emerge until Jewish life itself was to some extent secularized. This process began in the 18th century with the Haskalah (Hebrew, "enlightenment"), a …