The Legal History of Gambia This section provides an overview of Gambia Agreement With Gambia in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On October 10, 2011, the United States and the Republic of Gambia […]
The Legal History of Zimbabwe This section provides an overview of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On December 9, 2011, OFAC designated two entities pursuant to E.O. 13469, […]
English translations of Russian Federation laws are published in the Central & Eastern European Legal Materials series by Columbia University's Parker School of Foreign and Comparative Law. Russian economic laws are available on Lexis. For more information and resources see: […]
The Legal History of Rwanda This section provides an overview of Rwanda Bilateral Investment Treaty With Rwanda in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On September 26, 2011, the U.S. Senate approved the […]
Cross References of Sanctions, Export Controls, International Restrictions in International Law United Nations resolution condemning Iran-supported plot against Saudi ambassador, information on International Criminal Law in this legal Encyclopedia.B.1.b. Designation of Foreign Terrorist […]
Agreements With Nauru and Tuvalu in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On September 8 and 9, 2011, the United States concluded virtually identical agreements with the Republic of Nauru and Tuvalu, […]
World Summit For Social Development in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): The United States joined consensus on United Nations General Assembly resolution 66/125, "Implementation of the Outcome of […]
UN Security Council The Council is composed of fifteen member states, five of them permanent members and specified by name in the Charter. These are the United States, Russia (replacing the Soviet Union in 1991), China, the United Kingdom, and France. The rest are elected for two-year terms […]
Health Care in the CEDAW Article 12: of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) stipulates, in relation to Health Care, that all countries are required to eliminate discrimination in the field of health care. Women should be ensured equal access […]
Corruption Definition Corruption, wrongdoing by those in a special position of trust. The term is commonly applied to self-benefiting conduct by public officials and others dedicated to public service. (1) Corruption is not a technical term; it is not considered a criminal offence in most […]
The Legal History of Literature and Law in Ancient Greece This section provides an overview of Literature and Law in Ancient Greece Greece in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On July 17, 2011, the […]
The Legal History of Sudan This section provides an overview of Sudan Sudan in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): During 2011, the United States continued its bilateral and multilateral initiatives to […]
Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On October 5, 2011 OFAC designated one individual pursuant to Executive Order 13413, of October 27, 2006, "Blocking Property […]
Legal Materials For information on Uzbek law and legal materials, see …
Economic Rights, Social Rights, Cultural Rights in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On March 24, 2011, Michael H. Posner, Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, […]
Right to Development in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On December 19, 2011, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution on the right to development by a vote of 154 in favor, 6 […]
Satellite Argument in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): Accordingly, the satellite is not presently being "used for a commercial activity in the United States" because it is being tested and […]
The Legal History of Islamic Law in Iran This section provides an overview of Islamic Law in Iran Iran in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): See information on Nationality, Citizenship and Immigration […]
The Legal History of Eritrea This section provides an overview of Eritrea Eritrea in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On December 5, 2011, acting pursuant to Chapter VII of the United Nations […]
The Legal History of Honduras This section provides an overview of Honduras Honduras and Nicaragua in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On November 4, 2011, DHS announced the extension of the TPS […]
Civil Society in Election Law Associations, organisations and unions that are active in public affairs and constitute an independent counterforce to the powers that be. In democracies, all persons have a right to participate in public affairs, including in civil society activities and, through […]
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change: Conference of the Parties in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): The United States participated in the Seventeenth Session of the Conference of the […]
See Transnational crime . The first precise attempt to codify piracy was in 1958 when the Convention on the High Seas was adopted in order to clarify the legal status of pirates and the competence to arrest pirates. These articles in the Convention on the High Seas have been incorporated into […]
Georgia in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): In 2011, the United States continued to support the Geneva Discussions and the efforts of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe […]
The Legal History of Senegal This section provides an overview of Senegal Agreement With Senegal in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On April 29, 2011, the U.S. ambassador to Senegal and the minister […]
Hazardous Waste in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): The United States joined consensus on United Nations Human Rights Council resolution 18/11, "Mandate of the Special Rapporteur on the […]
Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations The 1961 Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations outlines the rules of diplomatic law for the exchange and treatment of envoys between states. It has become an almost universally adopted Convention with 179 states party to it. The Vienna Convention […]
WHEN BRITISH LAWYER CHRISTOPHER EADES arrived at Louisiana's oldest prison, the State Penitentiary at Angola, he found abominable food, sweltering heat, and inmates who feared for their lives. Literacy and education were minimal. One prisoner could name his birth date but not his age. Others […]
In the United States For information about North Korea in the context of international trade, click here Democratic People's Republic of Korea ("DPRK" or "North Korea") in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice […]
Countries or entities currently subject to sanctions by the United States: Libya Libya in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On March 26, 2011, State Department Legal Adviser Harold Hongju Koh […]
The Legal History of Colombia This section provides an overview of Colombia Colombia in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): Effective March 15, 2011, the United States and Colombia extended for five […]
Introduction to International Criminal Court International Criminal Court (ICC), independent judicial institution with the power to try and punish individuals for the most serious crimes of international concern: genocide, crimes against humanity, crimes of aggression, and war crimes. The […]
International Criminal Law
Main source: Duff, Antony, "Theories of Criminal Law", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2008 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = . We have focused so […]
The Wassenaar Arrangement has been established in order to contribute to regional and international security and stability, by promoting transparency and greater responsibility in transfers of conventional arms and dual-use goods and technologies. The aim is also to prevent the acquisition of […]
The Legal History of Islamic Law in Iraq This section provides an overview of Islamic Law in Iraq Iraq in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On May 17, 2011, President Obama continued the national […]
Freedom of Expression in Election Law A universal right that includes freedom to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds, regardless of frontiers, either orally, in writing or in print, in the form of art or through any other media of a person's choice. This freedom […]
Climate Change in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): For discussion of issues relating to climate change generally, see information on Nationality, Citizenship and Immigration in this legal […]
Countries or entities currently subject to sanctions by the United States: Syria Syria in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): In 2011, acting pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act […]
Bolivia in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): Effective December 4, 2011, the United States and Bolivia extended their existing MOU concerning the imposition of import restrictions on certain […]
The Legal History of Cuba This section provides an overview of Cuba Cuba in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On January 14, 2011, President Obama directed the Secretaries of State, Treasury, and […]
Kosovo in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): The Security Council continued to meet in 2011 to consider reports on the United Nations Administration in Kosovo ("UNMIK") and hear briefings by […]
Introduction to Freedom of Assembly Freedom of Assembly, the right of people to gather together peaceably. Freedom of assembly is related to freedom of religion and freedom of speech, as well as the right to petition (formally request) the government to change its policies. Together these […]
Definition and Origins Sustainability and sustainable development were initially defined and promulgated in a report of the World Commission on Environment and Development, "Our Common Future" (1987). This report said (page 43) that sustainable development "is development that […]
United States Remarks at the General Assembly in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On July 27, 2011, U.S. Representative to ECOSOC Frederick D. Barton addressed the plenary meeting of the United […]
Sudan and South Sudan in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On October 13, 2011, the Department of Homeland Security ("DHS") announced the extension of the designation of Sudan for TPS for 18 […]
Cote D'ivoire Cote D'ivoire in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On April 12, 2011, President Obama called President Alassane Outtara to congratulate him on assuming his duties as the […]
International Law Resources Research guides Guide to International trade law Sources on the Internet. A helpful overall guide to international agreements, International Organizations , United States government sources, country and regional business guides, and statistics. The site is […]
Ahmed v Magan in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On March 15, 2011, the United States submitted a statement of interest in a case in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Ohio. Ahmed […]
European Union's Emissions Trading Scheme in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): In 2011, the United States joined multilateral efforts to prevent the European Union ("EU") from including […]
Outer Space in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On November 17, 2011, Deputy Assistant Secretary of State Frank A. Rose addressed the U.S. Strategic Command Cyber and Space Symposium in Omaha, […]