State

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Contents

State

Political Theory: The State

Introduction to State

The central concern of political theorists throughout history has been the theory of the state. Plato contributed to the founding of this theory in his discourse the Republic, which attempted to reconcile moral theory and political practice by projecting a community in which property was to be owned in common and which was to be governed by an aristocracy of philosopher-kings who would train the young. Such doctrines, in highly distorted form, have been used in modern times as the basis of the system of government known as totalitarianism, which, in contrast to democracy, asserts the supremacy of the state over the individual. A variant of this system, known as absolutism, vests the ruling power in a limited number of persons or in institutions, such as a priesthood, supporting certain fixed and generally immutable principles.

Aristotle is generally regarded as the founder of the scientific approach to political theory. His Politics, which classified governments as monarchies, aristocracies, and democracies, according to their control by one person, a select few, or many persons, successfully combined an empirical investigation of the facts and a critical inquiry into their ideal possibilities, thus providing a challenging model of political studies.” (1)

Impossible For the Family of Nations to Organize Itself on the Model of the State

Lassa Oppenheim, in the book entitled The Future of International Law, about Impossible For the Family of Nations to Organize Itself on the Model of the State, wrote in 1921: 22. How then must and will this organization take shape? The proposals which hitherto have been made for the organization of the world are freaks of fancy. Of notable value as indications of idealistic speculation in the midst of an adverse world, they crumble into dust immediately they are soberly scrutinized. All proposals which aim at the organization of international society after the pattern of the organization of the state–whether a unitary state or a federal state, or a system of confederated states–are either impracticable or do not meet the needs of the case. Every organization of the community of states must take as its starting-point the full sovereignty and the absolute equality of states, and must preserve these characters intact. There can, therefore, be no talk of a political central authority standing above individual states; and so, the organization in question must be sui generis and cannot frame itself on the model of state organization.

Concept of State

An introductory definition of State is provided here: an organized political entity that occupies a definite territory, has a permanent population, and enjoys stable government, independence and sovereignty

Definition of State

Within the context of international human rights, the following is a brief meaning of state: Often synonymous with “country”; a group of people permanently occupying a fixed territory having common laws and government and capable of conducting international affairs.

State

Embracing mainstream international law, this section on state explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here.

Resources

See Also

  • Foregin Policy
  • Foreign Affairs

Resources

See Also

  • Nation
  • Province
  • Sovereignty
  • Rule of Law
  • Public International Law
  • State Territory

Resources

Further Reading

  • The entry “state” in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law (currently, the Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law, 2009), Oxford University Press

Resources

See Also

  • Human Rights

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Notes and References

Guide to State

Hierarchical Display of State

Law > Sources and branches of the law > Source of law >
Law > Sources and branches of the law > Source of law > Peace > State-building

State

Concept of State

See the dictionary definition of State.

Characteristics of State

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Resources

Translation of State

Thesaurus of State

Law > Sources and branches of the law > Source of law > > State
Law > Sources and branches of the law > Source of law > Peace > State-building > State

See also

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  95. State-like Entity Embracing mainstream international law, this section on state-like entity explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "state-like entity" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law [...]...
  96. State Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina Embracing mainstream international law, this section on state court of bosnia and herzegovina explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "state court of bosnia and herzegovina" in the Parry and Grant [...]...
  97. Steiner and Gross V. Polish State Steiner and Gross v. Polish State Embracing mainstream international law, this section on steiner and gross v. polish state explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "steiner and gross v. polish state" in the [...]...
  98. State law State law The power of state law has historically included governing the following kinds of issues and claims: Contracts, including sales, commercial paper, letters of credit, and secured transactions Torts Property, including real property, bailments of personal property (such as [...]...
  99. State Aid Resources See Also Social Security Financing Social Insurance Social Security System...
  100. State Capitalism The ownership and operation of business enterprises by agencies of government. Unlike Marxism, which espouses state ownership of the means of production, state capitalism is not necessarily motivated by ideological consideration; a particular economic enterprise may be run by the state because it is......
  101. State Return Political Science: Recent Trends Return of the StateIntroduction to State ReturnFrom the 19th century to the 1940s many political scientists regarded the state as a unified, organic entity that integrated government, society, and political organizations. During the behavioral revol......
  102. State Constitutions The Legal History of State Law: State ConstitutionsThis section provides an overview of State Law: State Constitutions ResourcesSee AlsoLegal Biography Legal Traditions Historical Laws History of Law Further Reading State Law: State Constitutions in the Oxford International Encyclopedia of [...]...
  103. State Policy The Legal History of Directive Principles of State PolicyThis section provides an overview of Directive Principles of State Policy ResourcesSee AlsoLegal Biography Legal Traditions Historical Laws History of Law Further Reading Directive Principles of State Policy in the Oxford International [...]...
  104. State Companies Spanish Translation of state companiesThis is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to state companies and / or a definition of this topic: Sociedades Estatales (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry)....
  105. State of Necessity Spanish Translation of state of necessityThis is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to state of necessity and / or a definition of this topic: Estado de Necesidad (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry)....
  106. State Department In the United States For information about State Department in the context of international trade, click here...
  107. State Party Signification of State Party A country that has ratified or acceded to a particular convention or treaty and is therefore legally bound by the provisions in the instrument....
  108. State Resources Use of State Resources in Election Law Means made available by the state to individuals or political parties when they are officially candidates for election. The law should make provision to ensure that resources are allocated in a spirit of fairness, allowing everyone to stand for election [...]...
  109. State Authority From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about State Authority (1): The State Legislature has authority to control cemeteries or delegate that authority to some one else, and afterward to transfer it to a different person.758 Resources Notes and References Charles M. Scanlan, [...]...
  110. State Courts In relation to religious matters, find out about State Courts and the following issues in this world legal Encyclopedia: Suits, Parties Complaint Church Tribunal, Courts Unincorporated Congregation, Actions, Interest Blasphemy, Sabbath, Lord's Prayer, Bible ...
  111. State Protection Unable or unwilling to utilize state protection and the Refugee Issues As published by the UNHCR in relation to Unable or unwilling to utilize state protection: The final requirement in the refugee status determination analysis is whether the individual is unable or unwilling, owing to a [...]...
  112. State Constitution Concept of State Constitution Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Constitution Federalism...
  113. State of the Union Concept of State of the Union Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Presidency Executive Power...
  114. State Supervision Literature Review on (Local Government) State Supervision of Budgets and Finance In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Julia Beckett offers the following summary about the topic of (Local Government) State Supervision of Budgets and Finance: States have the [...]...
  115. State Territory Related Fields Related topics include: Nation Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Province Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Sovereignty Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Rule of Law Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Public [...]...
  116. State Officials Immunity of Foreign Officials In relation to the international law practice and immunity of foreign officials in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Privileges and Immunities About this subject:President Zedillo of Mexico Note: there is detailed [...]...
  117. State Responsability International Law Commission on State Responsability In relation to the international law practice and international law commission on State Responsability in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: International Organizations About this subject:ILC's Work on [...]...
  118. Signatory State Embracing mainstream international law, this section on signatory state explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "signatory state" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law [...]...
  119. Super-state Embracing mainstream international law, this section on super-state explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "super-state" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law (currently, the [...]...
  120. State Transparency This section provides an overview of state transparency within the legal context of Transparency in international economic law, with coverage of Transparency and Good Governance (Principles). Resources Further Reading Stephan W Schill and Felix Boos, "State Transparency," Elgar [...]...

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