Related Entries of the International Encyclopedia:

1. Liner Shipping Liner Shipping in International Trade Meaning of Liner Shipping, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Services provided by a steamship company or shipping line, under which cargo vessels operate according to a fixed schedule and publicly advertised freight rates....
2. Foreign Exchange Foreign Exchange in International Trade Meaning of Foreign Exchange, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Current or liquid claims payable in foreign currency and in a foreign country (bank balances, checks, bills of exchange). Not to be confused with foreign [...]...
3. Remittance Remittance in International Trade Meaning of Remittance, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Funds forwarded from one person to another as payment for bought items or services. Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities [...]...
4. Offshore Finance Company Synonymous with Foreign Base Finance Company (read this and related legal terms for further details).......
5. Discount Discount in International Trade Meaning of Discount, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A deduction from an amount due to given consideration of such circumstances as prompt or early payment or an order of unusually large quantity. Selling a receivable or [...]...
6. Standard Shipping Note Standard Shipping Note (SSN) in International Trade Meaning of Standard Shipping Note (SSN), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): It is the receiving document for ports and containers bases around the world, and advises of the necessary information to process [...]...
7. Company Law The Legal History of Company Law This section provides an overview of Company Law Applied Company Law Contents of Applied Company Law Contents of this subject matter include: Introduction; Alternative Business Structures Characteristics of a Company Company's liability in Crime, Contract [...]...
8. Subrogation Spanish Translation of subrogation This is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to subrogation and / or a definition of this topic: Subrogación (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry). Subrogation in International Trade Meaning of Subrogation, [...]...
9. Trade Union Fund Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
10. Social Science The Legal History of Uses of Social ScienceThis section provides an overview of Uses of Social Science ResourcesSee AlsoLegal Biography Legal Traditions Historical Laws History of Law Further Reading Uses of Social Science in the Oxford International Encyclopedia of Legal History (Oxford [...]...
11. Monetary Transfer Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance International Public Finance...
12. European Economic and Monetary Union Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance International Public Finance...
13. Foreign Exchange Control Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance International Public Finance...
14. Foreign Exchange Reserve Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance International Public Finance...
15. Finance Literature Review on Finance: Activity-Based Costing (ABC) In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Thomas Buttross and George Schmelzle provide the following summary about the topic of Activity-Based Costing (ABC) in Finance: This entry is meant to provide the [...]...
16. International Monetary Reform Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance International Public Finance...
17. INTERNATIONAL MONETARY SYSTEM Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance International Public Finance...
18. Share Farmer Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Agriculture...
19. Europa The Legal History of Islamic Law in Europa This section provides an overview of Islamic Law in Europa Europa and Europe There is an entry on europa in the European legal encyclopedia. Meaning of Europa (Alternative Meaning) Here is a very short concept of europa in the European Union [...]...
20. Parent Company Parent Company in International Trade Meaning of Parent Company, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A parent company, sometimes called a holding company, is a corporation that has subsidiaries which are wholly or partially-owned separate businesses [...]...
21. Sister Company Sister Company in International Trade Meaning of Sister Company, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A sister company is a company with close affiliations to another company with a separate name and personnel. Both companies are owned by the same parent and [...]...
22. Securities Law Framework Introduction This entry provides an overview of the legal framework of securities law framework, with a description of the most significant features of securities law framework at international level. Related Work and Conclusions Resources See Also References (Papers) Statutory Interpretation [...]...
23. Federation Of American Controlled Shipping An association of American firms that operate Liberian- and Panamanian-registered tankers, bulk carriers, and specialized vessels. Currently, federation member firms control over forty-three million deadweight tons of foreign shipping. In addition, federation members control approximately one-half t......
24. Prepaid Prepaid in International Trade Meaning of Prepaid, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A notation on a shipping document indicating that the shipping charges have already been paid by the shipper or his agent to the carrier....
25. Subsidiary Subsidiary or Subordinate Election Management Body in Election Law An Election Management Body (EMB) that is not the primary or principal entity responsible for the organisation of elections within a given state. It may be regional or local. Subsidiary in International Trade Meaning of [...]...
26. Asset Management Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
27. Borrowing Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
28. Capital Cost Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
29. Capital Flow Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
30. Capital Market Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
31. Capital Needs Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
32. Debt Consolidation Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
33. Debt Repayment Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
34. Deficit Financing Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
35. Fire Insurance Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
36. Fund Raising Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
37. Indebtedness Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
38. Interest Rate Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
39. Investment Guaranty Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
40. Investment Incentive Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
41. Investment Promotion Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
42. Loan Guarantee Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
43. Preinvestment Survey Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
44. Public Investment Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
45. Revolving Fund Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
46. Wage Attachment Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
47. Employees Investment Fund Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
48. International Finance Corporation International Finance Corporation Outline The IFC is part of the World Bank. It came into force in 1956 pursuant to the Articles of Agreement of the International Finance Corporation of 1955. Its main function is to facilitate the supply of funds to private enterprises in order to encourage or [...]...
49. Subpart F A provision of the Internal Revenue Code (Sections 951-64) that imposes U.S. income taxes on the undistributed earnings of "controlled foreign corporations." Subpart F was incorporated into the Code by the Revenue Act of 1962; prior to that time, earnings by foreign subsidiaries of U.S. fi......
50. Harmonized Codes for Shipping In the United States For information about Harmonized Codes for Shipping in the context of international trade, click here...
51. Freight Forwarder Freight Forwarder in International Trade Meaning of Freight Forwarder, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A person engaged in the business of assembling, collection, consolidating, shipping and distributing less-than-carload or less-than-truckload freight. [...]...
52. Scope of the Securities Exchange Legislation Scope of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934: Main Elements in the United States of America (In the U.S. law) The coverage of Scope of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 includes the following element(s): Securities Regulation For detailed information on this issue, please read the [...]...
53. Debt Relief This section provides an overview of debt relief within the legal context of Combating Poverty in international economic law (Cross-Cutting Challenges). Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance Resources Further [...]...
54. Slavery The Legal History of Slavery This general section provides an overview of Slavery and its historical context. Slavery in the Ancient Greek Law See the main entry of this legal history topic. Slavery in the Roman Law See the main entry of this legal history topic. Slavery in the English [...]...
55. Short-shipped Short-shipped in International Trade Meaning of Short-shipped, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Cargo manifested but not loaded....
56. Convertibility Summary of Convertibility The ability of a currency to be exchanged for other currencies in settlement of current account transactions. Currencies are convertible in varying degrees, although the ability of nonresidents freely to purchase and sell a given currency, without governmental [...]...
57. Finance Law Contents of Finance Law Contents of this subject matter include: Introduction to secured finance The securities legislation in a number of jurisdictions Considerations in taking security Loan syndications Trading loan assets Alternatives to secured finance Asset finance Acquisition finance [...]...
58. Guarantor The Legal History of Guarantor in Chinese Law This section provides an overview of Guarantor in Chinese Law Guarantor in International Trade Meaning of Guarantor, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): An individual or legal entity that makes a guaranty, by [...]...
59. Search and Seizure The Legal History of Search and Seizure This section provides an overview of Search and Seizure Search and Seizure Explained References See Also Criminal Law (in international or comparative law) Criminal Procedure (in international or comparative law) Resources See Also Criminal Law [...]...
60. Access to Credit Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
61. Credit Guarantee Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
62. Credit System Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
63. Financial Institution Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
64. Financial System Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
65. Industrial Credit Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
66. Informal Credit Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
67. Instalment Credit Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
68. Enforcement The Legal History of Enforcement in Islamic Law This section provides an overview of Enforcement in Islamic Law Federal Trade Commission Act and Enforcement Under the FTC Act and the Electronic Commerce Federal Trade Commission Act and Enforcement Under the FTC Act in the Online Business Law [...]...
69. Exchequer The British ministry of finance.......
70. Competition The Legal History of Competition This section provides an overview of Competition Concept of Competition Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Introduction This entry provides an overview of the legal framework of competition, with a description [...]...
71. Universities The Legal History of Universities This section provides an overview of Universities Science, Maths and Engineering Students in Universities (in the Human Development Area) In this context, Science, Maths and Engineering Students in Universities means: the share of tertiary students enrolled in [...]...
72. Holding Company Holding Company in International Trade Meaning of Holding Company, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Holding companies are corporations that are created for the sole purpose of obtaining and managing a controlling interest in other companies. There are [...]...
73. Securities Law Companies and Securities Law Contents of Companies and Securities Law Contents of this subject matter include: Company Law in Context -Overview of business organizations in Australia and the basic framework of the corporate legislation (such as the Corporations Act 2001 in Australia) and the [...]...
74. European Company European Company and Europe There is an entry on european company in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "European Company" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", by Rodney Leach (Profile [...]...
75. Bailment Summary of Bailment A contract by which one person (bailor) entrusts personal property to another person (bailee) for some specific purpose. All contracts for the carriage of goods, for example, are bailments.(Main Author: William J. Miller) Bailment, in law, a transfer of the [...]...
76. Peru The Legal History of Peru This section provides an overview of Peru Implementation: United States-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement ("ptpa") In relation to the international law practice and Implementation: United States-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement ("ptpa") in this world [...]...
77. Profit The Legal History of Profit in Islamic Law This section provides an overview of Profit in Islamic Law Profit in International Trade Meaning of Profit, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The financial gain resulting from selling goods or services at a price [...]...
78. Southeast Asian Law The Legal History of Southeast Asian LawThis section provides an overview of Southeast Asian Law ResourcesSee AlsoLegal Biography Legal Traditions Historical Laws History of Law Further Reading Southeast Asian Law in the Oxford International Encyclopedia of Legal History (Oxford University [...]...
79. Supremacy Clause The Legal History of Supremacy Clause This section provides an overview of Supremacy Clause Concept of Supremacy Clause Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Constitution Federalism Resources See Also Legal Biography Legal [...]...
80. Selective Distribution Spanish Translation of selective distributionThis is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to selective distribution and / or a definition of this topic: Distribución Selectiva (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry)....
81. Health Health The Legal History of Health This section provides an overview of Health Health (in the Human Development Area) In this context, Health means: is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity Most Popular Entries related to [...]...
82. Growth Company Contents Growth Company Growth Company in the United States There are certain research provisions in Title I of the JOBS ... Read more...
83. Social Partners Social partners in the International Trade Union Rights Area Definition of Social partners provided by ITUC-CSI-IGB: Unions and employers or their representative organisations. Social Partners and Europe There is an entry on social partners in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See [...]...
84. Standard Oil Company Tankers Case Embracing mainstream international law, this section on standard oil company tankers case explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "standard oil company tankers case" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic [...]...
85. Spain For information on Spanish legal materials, see the Guide to Legal Research in Spainby Olga Cabrero and updated by Vanessa Casado. See also the Guide to Law Online: Spain and the other sources discussed in the "Foreign Laws" entry of this Guide. Information on Spanish companies is [...]...
86. Royalties In the United States For information about Royalties in the context of international trade, click here Royalties and the Laws of International Trade Royalties Intellectual Property and Competition Law Royalties in International Trade Meaning of Royalties, according to the Dictionary of [...]...
87. Consolidated Container Consolidated Container in International Trade Meaning of Consolidated Container, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A shipping container containing cargo from a number of shippers at a centrally located point of origin by a freight consolidator, and [...]...
88. Trade Finance Trade Finance in International Trade Meaning of Trade Finance, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): This is the way in which an exporter requires an importer to prepay for goods ship. The importer wants to reduce risks by asking the exporter to document that [...]...
89. Exemptions From the Securities Legislation Exemptions from the Securities Act of 1933: Main Elements in the United States of America (In the U.S. law) The coverage of Exemptions from the Securities Act of 1933 includes the following element(s): Securities Regulation For detailed information on this issue, please read the corresponding [...]...
90. Credit Enhancements Literature Review on Credit Enhancements In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Martin J. Luby and Tima T. Moldogaziev provide the following summary about the topic of Credit Enhancements: State and local governments often seek third-party credit enhancement as [...]...
91. Deficit Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
92. Export of Capital Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
93. Microinsurance Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
94. Money Supply Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
95. Cambodia The Legal History of Cambodia This section provides an overview of Cambodia Resources See Also Legal System Country Jurisdiction Immigration Consulate Resources See Also Legal Biography Legal Traditions Historical Laws History of Law Further Reading Cambodia in the Oxford International [...]...
96. Precedent The Legal History of Precedent This section provides an overview of Precedent Concept of Precedent Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Embracing mainstream international law, this section on precedent explores the context, history and effect of [...]...
97. Social Security The Legal History of Social Security in Modern Europe This section provides an overview of Social Security in Modern Europe Most Popular Entries related to Social Security Social Security (in the World) Social Security Benefits (in the World) Social Security Office (in the World) Social [...]...
98. Bearer Share Spanish Translation of bearer shareThis is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to bearer share and / or a definition of this topic: Acción Al Portador (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry)....
99. Author's Share Description of Author's Share In this reference work, author's share is a sort of the Copyright category. Resources See Also Copyrights Intellectual Property Copyright...
100. Quota Share Treaty A contract of Reinsurance (read this and related legal terms for further details) whereby the reinsurer agrees to accept a stipulated percentage of all business of a particular class......
101. American Depositary Share Description of American Depositary Share Resources See Also American Depositary Receipt...
102. Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike License Contents Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ human-readable summary of the Legal Code Legal Code (the full license).   Conclusion ... Read more...
103. Bonus Share Resources See Also Bonus stock, infra...
104. Shareholder Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
105. SHELL v. R.W. STURGE case Contents SHELL v. R.W. STURGE case United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit 55 F.3d 1227 (1195); 1995 ... Read more...
106. Should Trusts file income tax returns to the IRS? Contents Should Trusts file income tax returns to the IRS? Trusts must file a Form 1041, U.S. Income Tax Return ... Read more...
107. Should We Abolish the Criminal Law? Main source: Duff, Antony, “Theories of Criminal Law”, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2008 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), ... Read more...
108. Sheets v. Teddy's Frosted Foods Contents Sheets v. Teddy’s Frosted Foods 1980 Connecticut Supreme Court • Plaintiff, Sheets, claiming he was wrongly dismissed as quality ... Read more...
109. SHELL v. R.W. STURGE, LTD. SHELL v. R.W. STURGE, LTD. United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit 55 F.3d 1227 (1195); 1995 FED ... Read more...
110. Shell Company A "paper" company, usually operated without employees. Normally an attorney or other local agent or management company performs the legal duties of the company on behalf of the stockholders. Shell companies often operate in tax-free or low- tax jurisdictions such as Bermuda, Liechtenstein,......
111. Shipbreaking Summary of Shipbreaking The act of disassembling a ship for scrap.(Main Author: William J. Miller) Resources See Also Transport Transportation Means Transport Law Transport Contract...
112. Shipper's Credit Agreement An arrangement by which certain conferences grant terms usually fourteen to thirty days, for freight services performed by member carriers. Customarily the shipper provides the CONFERENCE (read this legal term for further details) with bank and cr......
113. Shipper's Export Declaration An official document that a U.S. exporter is obliged to submit to Federal authorities whenever merchandise is shipped from the United States to a foreign destination or certain offshore possessions. The primary authority for requiring the filing of the declaration is the Export Administration Act of......
114. Shipper's Load And Count A notation on a bill of lading that stipulates that the goods were loaded and counted by the shipper, without verification by the carrier.......
115. Shipping Documents A general term relating to any of several documents customarily associated with the international shipment of merchandise. Among these documents are a bill of lading (or Air Waybill), Certificate Of Origin, customs or consular INVOICE, insurance certificate, DOCK receipt (qq.v.), and inspection [...]...
116. Shore Clause A provision in marine insurance policies providing coverage for losses to cargo arising from overturning, derailment, collision, or other accidents involving land conveyance; fire, earthquakes, and other natural catastrophes; sprinkler leakage and collapse or shifting of piers or wharves; and losses......
117. Short Form Bill Of Lading A bill of lading (read this and related legal terms for further details) that, unlike the conventional, or long form, document, does not include the full terms and conditions of transport but only refers to them.......
118. Short Hundredweight In Britain, a U.S. hundredweight, i.e., one hundred pounds.......
119. Shut-Out The act of leaving behind certain cargoes when too much cargo arrives for a given vessel sailing. Usually the cargo is not turned away upon delivery to the pier but is accepted by the carrier and despatched aboard a subsequent vessel.......
120. Shuttle Diplomacy Introduction to Shuttle DiplomacyShuttle Diplomacy, diplomatic negotiations conducted by an official intermediary who travels back and forth between disputing parties. Shuttle diplomacy between nations is often accomplished within the same day or week.ResourcesNotes and Referen......