Contents
Sale
The Legal History of Sale
This general section provides an overview of Sale and its historical context.
Sale of Goods in Chinese Law
See the main entry of this legal history topic.
Sale of Land in Chinese Law
See the main entry of this legal history topic.
History of Sale of Goods and Land in English Common Law
See the main entry of this legal history topic.
Sale of Goods in Medieval and Post-Medieval Roman Law
See the main entry of this legal history topic.
Sale of Land in Medieval and Post-Medieval Roman Law
See the main entry of this legal history topic.
Sold, Rented
From the book The Clergyman’s Hand-book of Law, about Sold, Rented (1): Prior to the Reformation pews were not sold nor rented and every member had the right to sit wherever he pleased in the body of the church. After the Reformation, the ordinary or bishop was granted the right of “faculty” to rent or sell pews.424
Resources
Notes and References
- Charles M. Scanlan, The Clergyman’s Hand-book of Law. The Law of Church and Grave (1909), Benziger Brothers, New York, Cincinnati, Chicago
See Also
- Religion
- Church
Resources
See Also
- Sale of Goods
- Legal Traditions
- Historical Laws
- Sale of Land
Further Reading
- Sale in the Oxford International Encyclopedia of Legal History (Oxford University Press)
- The Oxford Encyclopedia of American Political and Legal History (Oxford University Press)
- Sale in the Dictionary of Concepts in History, by Harry Ritter
- A Short History of Western Legal Theory, by John Kelly
Hierarchical Display of Sale
Trade > Marketing > Commercial transaction
Business And Competition > Competition > Restrictive trade practice > Horizontal agreement
Trade > Marketing > Marketing > After-sales service
Business And Competition > Competition > Restriction on competition > Refusal to sell
Trade > Distributive trades > Distributive trades
Business And Competition > Competition > Restrictive trade practice > Vertical agreement
Finance > Prices > Market prices > Selling price
Business And Competition > Competition > Restrictive trade practice > Vertical agreement > Tied sales outlet
Sale
Concept of Sale
See the dictionary definition of Sale.
Characteristics of Sale
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Resources
Translation of Sale
- Spanish: Venta
- French: Vente
- German: Verkauf
- Italian: Vendita
- Portuguese: Venda
- Polish: Sprzedaż
Thesaurus of Sale
Trade > Marketing > Commercial transaction > Sale
Business And Competition > Competition > Restrictive trade practice > Horizontal agreement > Sale
Trade > Marketing > Marketing > After-sales service > Sale
Business And Competition > Competition > Restriction on competition > Refusal to sell > Sale
Trade > Distributive trades > Distributive trades > Sale
Business And Competition > Competition > Restrictive trade practice > Vertical agreement > Sale
Finance > Prices > Market prices > Selling price > Sale
Business And Competition > Competition > Restrictive trade practice > Vertical agreement > Tied sales outlet > Sale
See also
- Horizontal agreement
- After-sales service
- Refusal to sell
- Distributive trades
- Retail trade
- Wholesale trade
- Customers
- Delivery
- Sales occupation
- Goodwill
- Merchant
- Distributor
- Supplier
- Vertical agreement
- Exclusive distribution agreement
- Marketing restriction
- Selective distribution agreement
- Specialisation agreement
- Tied sales outlet
- Selling price
- Tied sales outlet
- Retail selling
- Wholesale selling
- Distance selling
- Credit sale
- Selling at a loss
- Discount sale
- Door-to-door selling
- Duty-free sale
- Auction sale
- Direct selling
- Offering for sale
Related Entries of the International Encyclopedia:
- Rent Pews Land, Use, Rent Pews From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Land, Use, Rent Pews (1): Where land was conveyed in trust to the bishop of a diocese and his successors for the erection of a church for the use of a congregation, the right to rent pews vested under the deed and [...]...
- Pew Rights Catholic Church, Pew Rights From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Catholic Church, Pew Rights (1): In the Catholic Church, by the canon law, the ownership in or control over a pew is forbidden to laymen. Notwithstanding that, if the party holding the title violates the [...]...
- By-laws By-Laws By-Laws From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about By-Laws (1): By-laws of the different religious organizations differ widely, from the decrees of the great councils of the Catholic Church down to the vote of the congregation of an independent denomination. By-Laws, [...]...
- Acres Maryland, Two Acres From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Maryland, Two Acres (1): Although the declaration of rights of the State of Maryland restricted the sale of lands for a cemetery for a church to two acres, the Legislature has power to grant leave to a cemetery [...]...
- Charter By-Laws Charter, By-Laws From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Charter, By-Laws (1): When the charter or by-laws of a church corporation provide that they may be altered, such changes may, after the execution and delivery of a deed, immediately adhere to the title.460 Resources [...]...
- Purposes Purposes, Exempt From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Purposes, Exempt (1): Only church property that is actually used for church or charitable purposes, is exempt from taxation. Property held for its increase or profit is not exempt.587 Land bought for a church on which [...]...
- Subordinate Subordinate, Incorporated From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Subordinate, Incorporated (1): A religious society subordinate to church judicatures, which declares itself independent and becomes incorporated under the general law of the state and subsequently purchases [...]...
- Vest Burned, Revert, Vested From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Burned, Revert, Vested (1): The fact that a church on lands donated to the parish, on condition of sustaining the church, burned down, the title did not revert to the grantor's heirs.524 Also land granted a [...]...
- Church Tribunal Church Tribunal, Courts From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Church Tribunal, Courts (1): Courts are reluctant to interfere in the church doctrine or discipline or inquire into the regularity of the proceedings of the church tribunal. When such tribunal has deposed a [...]...
- Unincorporated Church Unincorporated Church, Incorporated From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Unincorporated Church, Incorporated (1): The officers of an unincorporated church can only be elected by the members of the church, unless there is some law of the State or rule of the church that [...]...
- Religious Service Business, Religious Service From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Business, Religious Service (1): A church organization has the legal right to make any contract concerning its own affairs that is not prohibited by its by-laws or its charter, subject to all laws of legal [...]...
- Personalty Church, Personalty From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Church, Personalty (1): A church removed from its foundation and put on rollers was severed from the realty and became personal property.531 Resources Notes and References Charles M. Scanlan, The Clergyman's [...]...
- Sewing Sewing Circle, Money From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Sewing Circle, Money (1): A church may maintain an action against a sewing circle to require it to pay over money collected for the benefit of the church.317 Resources Notes and References Charles M. Scanlan, [...]...
- Forfeit Forfeited Application in E.U. Patent SystemAn application on which the issue or maintenance fee has not been paid within the designated period....
- Legal Notice Notice, Legal From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Notice, Legal (1): All the proceedings of a corporation, including notice, must be in accordance with the constitution and by-laws, and no business transacted contrary thereto is legal.129 Resources Notes and References [...]...
- Board Control Board, Control From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Board, Control (1): When the laws of the organization give control of matters to the board of trustees, the majority of the members of the church can not control the action of the trustees contrary to the usages and [...]...
- Corporators Corporators, Change From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Corporators, Change (1): In isolated cases here and there it has been held that a majority of the corporators of a religious society has the right to change the form of church government, as from the Congregational [...]...
- Name Change Name, Change From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Name, Change (1): The name of an ecclesiastical corporation is arbitrary and a change or alteration in its name does not affect its identity.126 A charter will not be granted to a church with a name so like another church [...]...
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- Societies Societies, Secular Work From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Societies, Secular Work (1): Business meetings of benevolent and church societies for benevolent or church work may be held on Sunday. Even the constitution of such societies may be amended on Sunday. However, [...]...
- Trust Dissolution Dissolution, Resulting Trust From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Dissolution, Resulting Trust (1): On dissolution of a religious society, the money collected or derived from the sale of property goes back as a resulting trust to the contributors.585 Resources Notes and [...]...
- Cemetery Cemetery, Authority From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Cemetery, Authority (1): When a congregation that had title to a cemetery for many years entrusted the management and sale of the lots to the priest, he had thereby authority to create servitudes, such as alleys to [...]...
- Mortmain The Legal History of MortmainThis section provides an overview of Mortmain ResourcesSee AlsoLegal Biography Legal Traditions Historical Laws History of Law Further Reading Mortmain in the Oxford International Encyclopedia of Legal History (Oxford University Press) The Oxford Encyclopedia of [...]...
- Proper Record From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Proper Record (1): A book kept by a minister, which contained a regular statement in proper form of the admission of members, choice of officers, and transaction of business of the church, which was the only book kept by the parish, is [...]...
- Authority Authority, Right From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Authority, Right (1): In those nations where the ruling authority had the proper conception of the Almighty, there was a strong, persistent growth of law upon the basis of natural right; while in the pagan nations laws [...]...
- Free Church Free Church, Seats, Lease From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Free Church, Seats, Lease (1): The trustees of a free church may assign seats and forcibly remove one from a seat without authority.454 Where a pew is real estate, a pewholder may acquire the right to it by [...]...
- Presumptions Presumptions, Usage From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Presumptions, Usage (1): The usage of a church or the laws of its organization as a religious society, if they are to be considered in deciding legal controversies, must be proved as facts.407 In the absence of [...]...
- Revert Abandoned, Revert From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Abandoned, Revert (1): Land granted to trustees and their successors forever in trust to erect a Methodist church, according to its rules and discipline, which was used for such church for a long time and then [...]...
- Roads Roads, Alleys From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Roads, Alleys (1): Most of the laws relating to highways apply to cemetery roads and alleys, excepting that when a road or alley in a cemetery is vacated the land reverts to the cemetery instead of becoming parts of the [...]...
- Removing Church, Building, Removing From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Church, Building, Removing (1): Where subscriptions were secured to build a church at a particular place as a memorial to a certain person, a congregation may be enjoined from tearing down the building and [...]...
- Consideration Promise as Consideration Cases where promisee is trying to hold promisor to contract under theory that promisee made promise as well that is consideration. Promisor often responds that promisee's promise is 'illusory' and not sufficient consideration. Why enforce promises as [...]...
- Adverse Possession Adverse Possession, Color of Title From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Adverse Possession, Color of Title (1): A religious corporation may obtain title to land by adverse possession. The length of such possession is determined by the laws of the State, the usual period [...]...
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- Assessments Cemetery, Assessments From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Cemetery, Assessments (1): Where a lot was bought for the purpose of building a church but was used for a cemetery, and a church was built at another place and the deed to the lot was taken in the name of the [...]...
- Forfeiture of Membership From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Forfeiture of Membership (1): Any member may forfeit his membership in a church.246 Resources Notes and References Charles M. Scanlan, The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law. The Law of Church and Grave (1909), Benziger Brothers, New [...]...
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- Lots Subscription, Lots From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Subscription, Lots (1): Any one may convey title to a church as his part of the subscription by merely marking it on a plat made by him, as lots donated to such church.463 Resources Notes and References Charles [...]...
- Parishioner From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Parishioner (1): A parishioner must be defined in harmony with the meaning of the word "parish."53 Resources Notes and References Charles M. Scanlan, The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law. The Law of Church and Grave [...]...
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- Contest Contest, Secession From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Contest, Secession (1): In case of a devise to a church which is claimed by two societies, it is the duty of the court to decide in favor of those who adhere to the ecclesiastical government of the church which was in [...]...
- Jurisdiction Privileges Jurisdiction, Privileges From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Jurisdiction, Privileges (1): It is usual for every fraternity to have a tribunal of its own for the trial of members who break its laws or violate its discipline. Within their jurisdiction, the laws of the [...]...
- Official Communication Official Communication, Privileged From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Official Communication, Privileged (1): An official communication between authorities of the church or an authority and a member of the church concerning a church matter or church members and not made [...]...
- Parish From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Parish (1): A parish has two meanings. In some States it is a minor division of public territory; but in States where there is no such division of territory, the State using instead "county" or "town," a parish [...]...
- Court of Equity Trust, Court of Equity From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Trust, Court of Equity (1): A conveyance in trust for the use of a church vests the use in the church and it will be protected by a court of equity.381 Resources See Also Court of Chancery Resources Notes and [...]...
- Facilities Facilities, the Constitution From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Facilities, the Constitution (1): So long as abundant facilities are given for the education of all the children of a district, it is not a violation of the constitution of the United States to keep negro [...]...
- Uniformity From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Uniformity (1): Every entry required to be kept by the laws of the State as well as the rules of the Church, should be kept as to births, marriages, and death. Every diocese should have uniform record books in all parishes and every [...]...
- Curate Curate, Services From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Curate, Services (1): In an action by a curate against a religious corporation for personal services, the court will not inquire into the spiritual relations existing between the parties, but will examine their legal [...]...
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- Quit-Claim Condition, Quit-Claim From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Condition, Quit-Claim (1): After conveying land upon a specified condition, the grantor then gave a quit-claim deed, and the court held that that relieved the grant from the condition.512 Resources Notes and [...]...
- Trees Trees, Authority From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Trees, Authority (1): It is a criminal offense to cut trees in a cemetery without right or authority.828 Resources Notes and References Charles M. Scanlan, The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law. The Law of Church [...]...
- Usage By-Laws, Usage From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about By-Laws, Usage (1): If there is no law of a religious society determining the mode of conducting an election, the corporation may provide by-laws therefor; and if the corporation should fail to make such by-laws, a long [...]...
- Y M C A From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Y M C A (1): The Y. M. C. A. on account of giving lunches, lectures, and having a gymnasium, for which charges are made, is not a charitable institution so as to be exempt from liability in case of negligence. Property is exempt only [...]...
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- Excommunication Major Excommunication From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Major Excommunication (1): As excommunication non tolerati affects the rights of citizenship, it is not lawful in England nor the United States. To say that A. has been excommunicated in any form, if untrue, is [...]...
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- Harmony Title, Harmony, Division From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Title, Harmony, Division (1): The title to church property in a divided congregation is in that part of the congregation which acts in harmony with the law of the denomination; and the ecclesiastical laws and [...]...
- Insubordinate Congregation, Insubordinate, Discipline From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Congregation, Insubordinate, Discipline (1): The male members of a congregation are invested with no visitorial or controling power, but only such authority as is given under the laws of [...]...
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- Trust Fees Deed, Trust, Fee From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Deed, Trust, Fee (1): A deed of land to a Catholic bishop and his heirs and assigns forever in trust for a Catholic parish for the purpose of a free burial ground, gave the bishop an estate in fee.473 Resources Notes [...]...
- Bishop Protestant, Ministers, Bishop From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Protestant, Ministers, Bishop (1): In most church organizations the authority is divided into superior and inferior. In countries where there is an established Protestant church, the superior authority is [...]...
- Doctrine Doctrine, Constitution From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Doctrine, Constitution (1): A church in law is a mere fraternal organization. It may or may not have a written constitution, but it must have some central doctrine as its foundation or constitution.25 Many of the [...]...
- Officers Officers, Discipline, Property From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Officers, Discipline, Property (1): When a church society incorporates it becomes a private corporation, and the officers are bound to manage the property in the most upright and careful manner according [...]...
- Split Fund, Diverted, Split From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Fund, Diverted, Split (1): A fund created for a particular purpose, as the education of children in the faith and doctrines of a denomination at the time the fund is created, can not be diverted from its original [...]...
- Sale in Perpetuity Trustees, Sale in Perpetuity From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Trustees, Sale in Perpetuity (1): Without authority of law the trustees of a church can not make an absolute sale in perpetuity of a pew without any reservation of rent.431 The sale of a pew in a church [...]...
- Sale Contracts and Sale of Goods Sale Contracts and Sale of Goods in Private International Law This section contain conflict of laws information and cross references related to sale contracts and sale of goods on some major countries and additional jurisdictions. It covers key issues involved when citizens face international [...]...
- Sale Restrictions Sale, Restrictions From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Sale, Restrictions (1): In some States when not restricted by the laws of the organization the parish corporation may sell the premises in order to pay the church debts. However, it is not a common law right.467 [...]...
- Sale At Less Than Fair Value The sale of merchandise to a foreign purchaser at a price below the price that would be charged for a like sale in the home market. Such sales may serve as the basis for an allegation of Dumping (read this and related legal ......
- Sale of Children Embracing mainstream international law, this section on sale of children explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources See Also Social Problem Crime Delinquency Juvenile Delinquency Delinquent Social Issues Crime Prevention Resources Further Reading [...]...
- Sale Deed Bargain and Sale Deed Resources See Also Deed...
- Sale by weight, count or measure Contents Sale by weight, count or measure, Lump sale There may also be sales by weight, count, or measure, where ... Read more...
- Summary Sale A simplified procedure for disposing of merchandise seized or forfeited for violation of the customs laws. Currently, the U.S. Customs Service may sell, without judicial proceedings, seized merchandise valued up to ten thousand dollars.......
- No Arrival, No Sale A contractual arrangement between a buyer and seller under which the buyer assumes no interest in the goods and no risk of loss or damage until actual delivery has been accomplished.......
- Prior Sale Spanish Translation of sale «subject to prior sale»This is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to sale «subject to prior sale» and / or a definition of this topic: Salvo Venta (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry)....
- After-sale Service Definition of After-sale Service in International Trade The following is a concept of After-sale Service in the context of international trade law, from the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A collective term for attention to a transaction that normally takes place after [...]...
- Terms of Sale Terms of Sale in International Trade Meaning of Terms of Sale, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): This expression refers to the price quotation for a specific product. It states the price for the product as a specified delivery location, sets the time of [...]...
- First Sale Doctrine U.S. Supreme Court's Decision in Kirtsaeng v. John Wiley & Sons in 2013 United States views on international law [1] in relation to U.S. Supreme Court's Decision in Kirtsaeng v. John Wiley & Sons: On March 19, 2013, the U.S. Supreme Court issued its decision in Kirtsaeng v. John [...]...
- Act of Sale Description of Act of Sale Resources See Also Sales...
- Agreement of Sale Description of Agreement of Sale Resources See Also Sales...
- Bargain Sale Bargain Sale or Purchase Resources See Also Dividend (Constructive dividend)...
- Judicial Sale Resources See Also Execution sale Foreclosure sale Sale Sheriff's sale Tax sale...
- Consignment Sale Resources See Also Consignment...
- Contract of Sale Resources See Also Property Resources See Also Contract for deed Contract for sale of land...
- Cash Sale Resources See Also Sale Time-price differential...
- Taxation of business sale Contents Taxation of business sale This part of the Wiki Encyclopedia of Law explains the taxation of the parties in ... Read more...
- Certificate of Free Sale A document issued by an agency of government, usually the health authority, certifying that a given product is in compliance with all local regulations and may be offered freely for sale within the country of origin. Normally, such certificates are issued to cover food products which are being [...]...
- International Sale of Goods CISG in International Trade Meaning of Cisg, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The United Nations Convention on Contract for the International Sale of Goods. known as Vienna Convention, is a 1980 international treaty signed by most leading trading nations [...]...
- Asset Sale and Liquidation Description of Asset Sale and Liquidation In this reference work, asset sale and liquidation is a sort of the Mergers, Acquisitions category. Resources See Also Mergers Acquisitions...
- Conditional Sale Contract Resources See Also Sale...
- Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods Contents United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods Article 95 Any State may declare at ... Read more...
- International Sale of Goods Bibliography International Sale of Goods Bibliography ABDULLAH, Abdullah Abdulkarim 2012. The Scope of the Application of the United Nations Convention on ... Read more...
- Matched Sale-Purchase Transactions An arrangement whereby Treasury bills are sold by the Federal Reserve system, through the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, for periods of one to seven days, with subsequent repurchase by the Federal Reserve. Such transactions, also known as reverse repurchase agreements, serve initially to reduce b......
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