Poverty Assessments

Poverty Assessments

PPA (Participatory Poverty Assessments) (in the Human Development Area)

In this context, PPA (Participatory Poverty Assessments) means a method of using participatory research methodologies to capture qualitative dimensions of poverty, such as people’s perceptions of powerlessness and social exclusion. PPAs are useful tools for involving poor people and their institutions in defining and analysing what constitutes poverty, and what should be done to address it.

Resources

See Also

global poverty, World Bank, welfare, poverty line, purchasing power parity, poverty measurement, multidimensional poverty, vulnerability to poverty, chronic poverty, Millennium Development Goals

Further Reading

  • Ackland, R., Dowrick, S., and Freyens, B. (2006) Measuring Global Poverty: Why PPP Methods Matter. Mimeo, Australian National University.
  • Anand, S. (1977) Aspects of Poverty in Malaysia. Review of Income and Wealth 23 (1), 1–16.
  • Banerjee, A., Benabou, R., and Mookherjee, D. (2006) Understanding Poverty. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Bhalla, S. (2002) Imagine There’s No Country: Poverty, Inequality and Growth in the Era of Globalization. Washington: The Peterson Institute of International Economics.
  • Bourguignon, F., and Morrison, C. (2002) Inequality among World Citizens: 1820–1992. The American Economic Review 92 (4), 727–44.
  • Calvo, C., and Dercon, S. (2005) Measuring Individual Vulnerability. Working Paper Series No. 229. Oxford: Department of Economics, Oxford University.
  • Carter, M., and Barrett, C. (2006) The Economics of Poverty Traps and Persistent Poverty: An Asset-Based Approach. Journal of Development Studies 42 (2), 178–99.
  • Chen, S., Datt, G., and Ravallion, M. (1994) Is Poverty Increasing in the Developing World? Review of Income and Wealth 40 (4), 359–76.
  • Chen, S., and Ravallion, M. (1997) What Can New Survey Data Tell Us about Recent Changes in Distribution and Poverty? World Bank Economic Review 11 (2), 357–82.
  • Chen, S., and Ravallion, M. (2001) How Did the World’s Poorest Fare in the 1990s? Review of Income and Wealth 47 (3), 283–300.
  • Chen, S., and Ravallion, M. (2004) How Have the World’s Poorest Fared since the Early 1980s? World Bank Research Observer 19 (2), 141–69.
  • Chen, S., and Ravallion, M. (2007) Absolute Poverty Measures for the Developing World, 1981–2004. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper Series 4211. Washington: World Bank.
  • Chen, S., and Ravallion, M. (2008) The Developing World Is Poorer Than We Thought, But No Less Successful in the Fight against Poverty. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 4703. Washington: World Bank.
  • Christiaensen, L., and Subbarao, K. (2005) Towards an Understanding of Household Vulnerability in Rural Kenya. Journal of African Economies 14 (4), 520–58.
  • Clark, S., Hemming, R., and Ulph, D. (1981) On Indices for the Measurement of Poverty. Economic Journal 91, 515–26.
  • Cline, W. (2004) Trade Policy and Global Poverty. Washington: The Peterson Institute of International Economics.
  • Dandekar, V., and Rath, N. (1977) Poverty in India: Dimensions and Trends. Economic and Political Weekly 6 (1, January), 25–46.
  • Deaton, A. (2001) Counting the World’s Poor: Problems and Possible Solutions. The World Bank Research Observer 16 (2), 125–47.
  • Deaton, A. (2006) Measuring Poverty. In A. Banerjee, R. Benabou, and D. Mookherjee (eds.) Understanding Poverty. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 3–15.
  • Deaton, A., and Dupriez, O. (2008) Poverty PPPs around the World: An Update and Progress Report. Washington: Development Data Group, World Bank.
  • Dercon, S., and Krishnan, P. (2000) Vulnerability, Seasonality and Poverty in Ethiopia. Journal of Development Studies 36 (6), 25–53.
  • Dercon, S., and Shapiro, J. (2007) Moving On, Staying Behind, Getting Lost: Lessons on Poverty Mobility from Longitudinal Data. In D. Narayan and P. Petesch (eds.) Moving Out of Poverty, Vol. I: Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives on Mobility. New York: Palgrave Macmillan and the World Bank, pp. 77–126.
  • Dollar, D., and Kraay, A. (2002) Growth is Good for the Poor. Journal of Economic Growth 7 (3), 195–225.
  • Foster, J. (2006) Poverty Indices. In A. de Janvry and R. Kanbur (eds.) Poverty, Inequality and Development: Essays in Honor of Erik Thorbecke. Boston: Springer Science+Business Media.
  • Foster, J., Greer, J., and Thorbecke, E. (1984) A Class of Decomposable Poverty Measures. Econometrica 52, 761–76.
  • Harrison, A., and McMillan, M. (2007) On the Links between Globalization and Poverty. Journal of Economic Inequality 5, 123–34.
  • Hulme, D., and McKay, A. (2008) Identifying and Measuring Chronic Poverty: Beyond Monetary Measures. In N. Kakwani and J. Silber (eds.) The Many Dimensions of Poverty. London: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 187–214.
  • Hulme, D., and Shepherd, A. (2003) Conceptualizing Chronic Poverty. World Development 31 (3), 403–424.
  • Jalan, J., and Ravallion, M. (2000) Is Transient Poverty Different? Evidence for Rural China. Journal of Development Studies 36 (6), 82–99.
  • Kakwani, N., and Silber, J. (eds.) (2008) Quantitative Approaches to Multidimensional Poverty Measurement. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Kakwani, N., and Son, H. (2006) New Global Poverty Counts. Working Paper # 29. Brasilia: International Poverty Centre.
  • Kamanou, G., and Morduch, J. (2004) Measuring Vulnerability to Poverty. In S. Dercon (ed.) Insurance Against Poverty. UNU-WIDER Studies in Development Economics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 155–75.
  • Lignon, E., and Schechter, L. (2003) Measuring Vulnerability. Economic Journal 113 (486), C95–C102.
  • Maddison, A. (1995) Monitoring the World Economy. Paris: OECD.
  • Malthus, T. (1992 [1803]) An Essay on the Principle of Population. Reprint, D. Winch (ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Marx, K. (1872) Das Kapital. London: Lawrence and Wishart.
  • Nissanke, M., and Thorbecke, E. (2006) Channels and Policy Debate in the Globalization–Inequality–Poverty Nexus. World Development 34 (8), 1338–60.
  • Orshansky, M. (1965) Counting the Poor: Another Look at the Poverty Profile. Social Security Bulletin 28 (1), 3–29.
  • Pritchett, L. (2003) One World, One World Bank, One Poverty Line: Proposing a New Standard for Poverty Reduction. Mimeograph, Center for Global Development.
  • Ravallion, M. (1996) Issues in Measuring and Modelling Poverty. Economic Journal 106 (438), 1328–43.
  • Ravallion, M. (2002) Have We Already Met the Millennium Development Goals? Economic and Political Weekly 37 (4), 16–22.
  • Ravallion, M., and Bidani, B. (1994) How Robust Is a Poverty Profile? World Bank Economic Review 8 (1), 75–102.
  • Ravallion, M., Chen, S., and Sangraula, P. (2008) Dollar a Day Revisited. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 4620. Washington: World Bank.
  • Ravallion, M., Datt, G., and van de Walle, D. (1991) Quantifying Absolute Poverty in the Developing World. Review of Income and Wealth 37 (4), 345–61.
  • Reddy, S., and Pogge, T. (2008) How Not to Count the Poor. In S. Anand, P. Segal, and J. Stiglitz (eds.) Debates on the Measurement of Poverty. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Rowntree, S. (1901) Poverty. A Study of Town Life. London: Macmillan.
  • Sala-i-Martin, X. (2002) The World Distribution of Income (estimated from Individual Country Distributions). NBER Working Paper 8933. Cambridge: National Bureau of Economic Research.
  • Sala-i-Martin, X. (2006) The World Distribution of Income: Falling Poverty and…Convergence, Period. Quarterly Journal of Economics 121 (2), 351–97.
  • Sen, A. (1976) Poverty: An Ordinal Approach to Measurement. Econometrica 44, 219–31.
  • Sen, A. (1993) Capability and Well-Being. In A. Sen and M. Nussbaum (eds.) The Quality of Life. Oxford: Clarendon Press, pp. 30–53.
  • Smith, A. (1976 [1759]) The Theory of Moral Sentiments. D. Raphael and A. Macfie (eds.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
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  • Summers, R., and Heston, A. (1991) The Penn World Table: An Extended Set of International Comparisons, 1950–1988. Quarterly Journal of Economics 106, 327–68.
  • Townsend, P. (1954) The Meaning of Poverty. British Journal of Sociology 13 (3), 210–27.
  • Watts, H. (1969) An Economic Definition of Poverty. In D. Moynihan (ed.) On Understanding Poverty. New York: Basic Books, pp. 316–29.

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