Related Entries of the International Encyclopedia:

1. Political Parties Organization and Structure of Political Parties Political Parties: Organization and Structure of Political Parties:Introduction to Political Parties Organization and Structure of Political PartiesPolitical parties mediate the relationship between citizens and their government. In democracies with competitive party systems, polit......
2. Political Parties Future Political Parties: The Future of Political Parties:Introduction to Political Parties FutureThough most pronounced in the United States, the decline of traditional parties is an international phenomenon. Some analysts believe political parties will one day cease to exist, and that t......
3. Political Parties History Political Parties: History of Political Parties: Origins and DevelopmentIntroduction to Political Parties HistoryThe origins of political parties are closely associated with the development of the modern state and representative democracy in Western Europe and the United States. Pa......
4. Civil Liberties The Legal History of Civil Rights and Civil Liberties in United States Law This section provides an overview of Civil Rights and Civil Liberties in United States Law Embracing mainstream international law, this section on civil liberties explores the context, history and effect of the area of [...]...
5. Covenant Introduction to Covenant Covenant menas, in law, a promise, usually under seal, that a certain act shall be performed or shall not be performed, or a solemn declaration under seal that certain facts are true. Covenants are used most often in deeds. An express covenant is an express declaration [...]...
6. Intemperance Intemperance Intemperance in 1889 The following information about Intemperance is from the Cyclopaedia of Political Science, Political Economy, and the ... Read more...
7. Ban on Political Parties In relation to the ban on political parties and constitutional law, Justin O Frosini and Sara Pennicino[1] made the following observation: A 'ban of political parties' is one of the ways constitutions have regulated political parties after the Second World War. In these cases, the [...]...
8. International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights Part 1 Contents International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights Part 1   1 THE UNITED STATES’ FAILURE TO RATIFY THE ... Read more...
9. List of International Human Rights Treaties Contents List of International Human Rights Treaties There are nine core international human rights treaties, each established with a committee ... Read more...
10. International human rights law Part 49 Contents International human rights law Part 49   617 Speaking Law to Power: Popular Sovereignty, Human Rights, and the New ... Read more...
11. Human rights : a reference handbook Human rights : a reference handbook Nina Redman and Lucille Whalen Contents Table of contents of this book ch. 1. ... Read more...
12. Usury A rate of interest in excess of that permitted by law. Usury may negate repayment of the excessive interest, or even the principal. In many jurisdictions usury statutes do not apply to corporate borrowings. ......
13. International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights Part 2 Contents International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights Part 2   12 Mental health and human rights: The role ... Read more...
14. Convention on the Rights of the Child Part 2 Contents Convention on the Rights of the Child Part 2   21 The Child Perspective in the U.N. Convention on ... Read more...
15. International Bill of Human Rights Definition of International Bill of Human Rights Within the context of international human rights, the following is a brief meaning of international bill of human rights: The combination of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the International Covenant on Civil and Political [...]...
16. Human Rights Committee Part 5 Contents Human Rights Committee Part 5   42 The ‘delicate plant’ of free speech needs water: Coleman v Australia John ... Read more...
17. Dueling Dueling Dueling in 1889 The following information about Dueling is from the Cyclopaedia of Political Science, Political Economy, and the ... Read more...
18. Congress Congress in 1889 The following information about Congress is from the Cyclopaedia of Political Science, Political Economy, and the Political History of the United States by the Best American and European Writers. Attention should be here called to the congress of Berlin, held July 13, 1878. [...]...
19. Abortion The Legal History of Abortion in Hindu Law This section provides an overview of Abortion in Hindu Law In relation to the abortion and constitutional law, Radhika Rao[1] made the following observation: Abortion is commonly defined as the intentional termination of pregnancy with reasonable [...]...
20. International human rights law Part 26 Contents International human rights law Part 26   357 ADVOCATES SHOULD USE APPLICABLE INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS TO ADDRESS VIOLATIONS OF UNDOCUMENTED ... Read more...
21. Civil Rights And Civil Liberties History Civil Rights and Civil Liberties HistoryThe concept that human beings have inalienable rights and liberties that cannot justly be violated by others or by the state is linked to the history of democracy. It was first expressed by the philosophers of ancient Greece. Socrates, for example, ch......
22. International Security Part 13 Contents International Security Part 13   174 Provisional Measures in International Law: The International Court of Justice and the International ... Read more...
23. Human Rights Committee Part 2 Contents Human Rights Committee Part 2   4 A few comments on a comment: the UN Human Rights Committee ‘s ... Read more...
24. Monopoly Profits An excess profit achieved by the monopolist as a result of monopolistic behavior. The effect is to make the marginal cost of production higher than necessary, thereby disrupting the allocation of resources through market forces.......
25. Social Science The Legal History of Uses of Social ScienceThis section provides an overview of Uses of Social Science ResourcesSee AlsoLegal Biography Legal Traditions Historical Laws History of Law Further Reading Uses of Social Science in the Oxford International Encyclopedia of Legal History (Oxford [...]...
26. Human Rights Committee Part 1 Contents Human Rights Committee Part 1   1 Constitutional Review in the Caribbean Avril Anande Trotman-Joseph European Journal of Law ... Read more...
27. Human Rights Committee Part 7 Contents Human Rights Committee Part 7   78 Case Reports of the European Court of Human Rights and the Human ... Read more...
28. Military Bounties Military BountiesBounties have been widely used to encourage enlistment in the armed forces. In the U.S., this practice stems from colonial days, when grants of land and money were made in return for military service. After the American Revolution, Congress continued the practice of grantin......
29. Anti-Torture Laws Laws Against TortureIntroduction to Anti-Torture LawsThe war crimes tribunals convened immediately after World War II in Nürnberg, Germany, and Tokyo, Japan, treated torture as a crime against humanity (see War Crimes Trials). In 1948 the United Nations (UN) adopted the Univer......
30. Procedure Practice and Procedure Introduction to Procedure "Practice and Procedure, the legal profession's established set of procedural rules - said, about Procedure, the Encarta Online Encyclopedia -and methods. Specialized areas of law have their own rules of practice and procedure." (1) [...]...
31. Cyclopaedia of Political Science, Political Economy and the Political History of the United States Contents Cyclopaedia of Political Science, Political Economy and the Political History of the United States Cyclopaedia of Political Science, Political ... Read more...
32. Political Crimes The Legal History of Political CrimesThis section provides an overview of Political Crimes ResourcesSee AlsoLegal Biography Legal Traditions Historical Laws History of Law Further Reading Political Crimes in the Oxford International Encyclopedia of Legal History (Oxford University Press) The [...]...
33. Political Assessment Description of Political Assessment In this reference work, political assessment is a sort of the Legal History category. Resources See Also Legal History...
34. Parties Suits, Parties From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Suits, Parties (1): Where a number of persons have contributed to the erection of a church, it is not necessary for all who contribute to join in an action to restrain a sale of the property for mercantile purposes.386 [...]...
35. Political Machines Contents Political Machines Political Machines Definition Political Machines, local political party organization capable of mobilizing or “manufacturing”large numbers of votes ... Read more...
36. Political Risk An economic risk assumed by foreign creditors that political or military conditions in a debtor's country may preclude settlement of the obligation when due.......
37. Political Constitution Political Constitution Constitution, in politics, fundamental system of law, written or unwritten, of a sovereign state, established or accepted as a guide for governing the state. A constitution fixes the limits and defines the relations of the legislative, judicial, and executive powers o......
38. Political Economy International Political Economy The Study of International Political Economy Liberalism and Mercantilism Introduction to International Political Economy: The Study of International Political Economy Liberalism and Mercantilism Advocates of liberal policies in international economics support [...]...
39. Political Behavior Political Science: Fields in Political Science: Political BehaviorIntroduction to Political BehaviorPolitical behavior involves the study of how people involve themselves in political processes and respond to political activity. The field emphasizes the study of voting behavior, wh......
40. Political Campaign Introduction to Political CampaignPolitical Campaign, organized effort by a political party or candidate for public office to attract the support of voters in an election. Political campaigns play an important role in the education and mobilization of citizens in most democracies.In......
41. Political Decentralization Decentralization (government) Political DecentralizationIntroduction to Political DecentralizationGovernment is decentralized in the political sense when the power to determine policies is shared between central and local agencies, and local powers are substantial in both number an......
42. Political Offense Introduction to Political OffensePolitical Offense, in criminal law, act declared by a state to involve a threat to its safety or existence, as treason or sedition, or declared to constitute an interference with the organization and processes of government, as bribery of public officials. S......
43. Political Propaganda Propaganda Political PropagandaIntroduction to Political PropagandaPropaganda for distinctly political ends is as old as history. The Bible, for example, relates that the Assyrian king Sennacherib attempted to terrify the Kingdom of Judah into surrendering by the use of threatening......
44. Political Science Introduction to Political Science Political Science, the systematic study of and reflection upon politics. Politics usually describes the processes by which people and institutions exercise and resist power. Political processes are used to formulate policies, influence individuals and [...]...
45. Political Scientists Political Science: What Political Scientists DoIntroduction to Political ScientistsMost professional political scientists work in colleges and universities where they teach, conduct research, and write articles and books related to their specific research interests. Political scien......
46. Political Subdivision Introduction to Political SubdivisionPolitical Subdivision, unit of government designed to carry out public functions within a specific territory." (1)ResourcesNotes and ReferencesInformation about ...
47. Political Theory Political Science: Fields in Political Science: Political Theory Introduction to Political Theory Political theory involves the study of philosophical thought about politics from ancient Greece to the present; the interpretation and development of concepts such as freedom, democracy, human [...]...
48. Political Strike Political strike in the International Trade Union Rights Area Definition of Political strike provided by ITUC-CSI-IGB: A process halfway between conciliation and arbitration , in mediation a neutral third party assists the disputing parties in reaching a settlement to an industrial dispute by [...]...
49. Political Party Political Broadcast in Election Law A message recorded by the parties and/or transmitted live on TV, radio or online. The duration and frequency of the broadcasts are usually regulated by law. Resources See Also Election Law Electoral Laws Electoral Legislation ...
50. Political Environment Political Environment in Election Law Various conditions and components of a political scene in a given country at a given time, together with its actors: members of the government, political parties, the opposition, those who are represented and those who are not, etc. The term is often used [...]...
51. Political Party Political Party in Election Law Organisation of people who share the same opinions, principles and aspirations regarding how society should be managed and who wish to implement these by obtaining power. Concept of Political Party Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the [...]...
52. Political Reform Political Reform in Election Law Set of measures applied to review laws governing the political environment and political action and, by extension, reform the political institutions which are based upon these laws. Resources See Also Election Law Electoral Laws Electoral Legislation ...
53. Political Rights International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (iccpr) in Election Law The ICCPR builds on the right to political participation by further detailing the requirements associated with elections that are a key part of this right. Article 25 of the ICCPR has been referred to as 'the [...]...
54. Political Culture Concept of Political Culture Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Ideology Public Opinion Media...
55. Political Ideology Concept of Political Ideology Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Ideology Public Opinion Media Resources See Also Parliamentary Law Political Law Political Constitution Political Science Politics...
56. Political Participation Concept of Political Participation Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Political Participation Interest Groups Lobbying Resources See Also Electoral System Electoral College Voting...
57. Political Powers Powers of Congress in U.S. Constitutional Law A list of entries related to Powers of Congress may be found, under the Powers of Congress subject group, in the United States constitutional law platform of the American legal encyclopedia....
58. Political Socialization Concept of Political Socialization Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Ideology Public Opinion Media...
59. Political Markets Literature Review on (Contracting) Political Markets In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Rizalino B. Cruz offers the following summary about the topic of (Contracting) Political Markets: This entry provides an overview of political markets as a framework for [...]...
60. Political Expenditures Citizens United v Federal Election Commission Case (US) In relation to the citizens united v federal election commission case (United States) and constitutional law, Robert A Sedler[1] made the following observation: In Citizens United v Federal Election Commission (558 US 310, 2010), the [...]...
61. Political Movements Related Fields Related topics include: Political Movement Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Social Movement Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Grassroots Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Socialism Find this subject in this World legal [...]...
62. Political Systems Related Fields Related topics include: Political System Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Politics Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Government Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Political System Politics Government...
63. Political Question Act of State and Political Question Doctrines In relation to the international law practice and act of state and political question doctrines in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Foreign Relations About this subject:Bernstein v. Kerry Note: there is [...]...
64. Political Independence Embracing mainstream international law, this section on political independence explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "political independence" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International [...]...
65. Political Offence Embracing mainstream international law, this section on political offence explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "political offence" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law [...]...
66. Political Union Embracing mainstream international law, this section on political union explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Embracing mainstream international law, this section on political union explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered [...]...
67. Political Committee Political Committee and Europe There is an entry on political committee in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Political Committee" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", by Rodney Leach [...]...
68. Political Law Finalité(s) Politique(s) and Europe There is an entry on finalité(s) politique(s) in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Finalité(s) Politique(s)" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", [...]...
69. Political Groups Political Groups and Europe There is an entry on political groups in the European legal encyclopedia. Political groups and the European Union Resources See Also Transnational parties European political parties Party groups Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Political [...]...
70. Political Geography Resources See Also Further Reading Information related to political geography in the Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law(MPEPIL), Germany, United Kingdom...
71. Political Cooperation Meaning of European Political Co-operation (EPC) Here is a very short concept of european political co-operation (epc) in the European Union framework: The predecessor to the Common Foreign and Security Policy, EPC never progressed beyond rhetoric. Resources Notas y References See Also...
72. Political Philosophy Related Work and Conclusions Resources See Also References (Papers) Shareholder Wealth Maximization As Means To An End, Robert P. Bartlett, Iii, Aug 2016 The Death Penalty In Traditional China, Chin Kim, Theodore R. Leblang, Jul 2016 The Cultural Limits Of Legal Tolerance, Benjamin Berger, [...]...
73. Political Doctrine Resources See Also Political Doctrine Economic Doctrine Fundamental Right Doctrine...
74. Political Power Resources See Also Government Government Contract Local Government Public Administration Administrative Law Public Law...
75. Political System Resources See Also Government Government Contract Local Government Public Administration Administrative Law Public Law...
76. Political Development Resources See Also Nation Province Sovereignty Rule of Law Public International Law State Territory...
77. Political Integration Resources See Also Nation Province Sovereignty Rule of Law Public International Law State Territory...
78. Political Conflict Resources See Also Political Movement Social Movement Grassroots Socialism...
79. Political Education Resources See Also Political Movement Social Movement Grassroots Socialism...
80. Political Aspect Resources See Also Parliamentary Law Political Law Political Constitution Political Science Politics...
81. Political Leadership Resources See Also Parliamentary Law Political Law Political Constitution Political Science Politics...
82. Political Opposition Resources See Also Parliamentary Law Political Law Political Constitution Political Science Politics...
83. Political Scientist Resources See Also Parliamentary Law Political Law Political Constitution Political Science Politics...
84. Political Behaviour Resources See Also Social Problem Crime Delinquency Juvenile Delinquency Delinquent Social Issues Crime Prevention...
85. Political Movement Resources See Also Social Problem Crime Delinquency Juvenile Delinquency Delinquent Social Issues Crime Prevention...
86. Political Problem Resources See Also Social Problem Crime Delinquency Juvenile Delinquency Delinquent Social Issues Crime Prevention...
87. Political Science Challenges Political Science: Recent Trends Challenges to the DisciplineIntroduction to Political Science ChallengesMarxists challenged conventional political science through most of the 20th century, charging that the discipline overlooked oppressive political relationships in the capitalist......
88. Political Science Fields Political Science: Fields in Political Science:Introduction to Political Science FieldsPolitical science is organized into several fields, each representing a major subject area of teaching and research in colleges and universities. These fields include comparative politics, Americ......
89. Political Science History Political Science: History of the Discipline Origins and DevelopmentIntroduction to Political Science HistoryThe systematic study of politics dates to ancient times. The oldest legal and administrative code that survives in its entirety is the Code of Hammurabi, inscribed on a pill......
90. Political and Security Committee Political and Security Committee (PSC) and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Political and Security Committee (PSC) provided by the European Union Commission: Replacing the Political Committee, the Political and Security Committee (PSC) follows international developments in the [...]...
91. Political Question Doctrine In the United States For information about Political question doctrine in the context of international trade, click here Alaska v. Kerry: Act of State and Political Question Doctrines in 2013 United States views on international law [1] in relation to Alaska v. Kerry: Act of State and [...]...
92. Political Action Committee Concept of Political Action Committee Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Concept of Political Action Committee Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Voting Campaigns [...]...
93. Political Rights of Prisoners Suspension of the Political Rights of Prisoners In relation to the suspension of the political rights of prisoners and constitutional law, Pablo Marshall[1] made the following observation: The suspension of political rights refers to the temporary loss of rights to political participation [...]...
94. Political Or Peacebuilding Missions Political or Peacebuilding Missions Embracing mainstream international law, this section on political or peacebuilding missions explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "political or peacebuilding missions" in [...]...
95. Princeton Encyclopedia of American Political History Contents The Princeton Encyclopedia of American Political History Bibliographic Details Title: The Princeton Encyclopedia of American Political History Description: Two ... Read more...
96. Necessary Parties Resources See Also Indispensable parties Joinder Parties...
97. Crime Parties Parties to a CrimeIntroduction to Crime PartiesCriminal law distinguishes levels of responsibility based on the individual's degree of involvement in the crime. A person who enters the bank, aims a gun at the teller, and asks for all the money is classified differently than the......
98. Joinder of Parties Spanish Translation of joinder of partiesThis is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to joinder of parties and / or a definition of this topic: Litisconsorcio (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry)....
99. Rights of Third Parties Spanish Translation of rights of third partiesThis is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to rights of third parties and / or a definition of this topic: Derechos de Terceros (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry)....
100. Contracting Parties Contracting Parties in International Trade Meaning of Contracting Parties, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Parties that have entered a contract with each other. Countries that are members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and therefore have accepted [...]...
101. Conference of the Parties Embracing mainstream international law, this section on conference of the parties explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "conference of the parties" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of [...]...
102. Third Parties and Treaties Embracing mainstream international law, this section on third parties and treaties explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "treaties, third parties and" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of [...]...
103. Green Parties Green Parties and Europe There is an entry on green parties in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Green Parties" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", by Rodney Leach (Profile Books; London)...
104. Transnational Parties Transnational parties and the European Union Resources See Also Political groups...
105. Meeting of States Parties to the Law of the Sea Convention Meeting of States Parties to the Law of the Sea Convention in 2013 United States views on international law [1] in relation to Meeting of States Parties to the Law of the Sea Convention: The United States participated as an observer to the 23rd meeting of States Parties to the Law of the [...]...
106. International law and refugee conventions: States parties Contents International law and refugee conventions: States parties States Parties to the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees ... Read more...
107. Conference of States Parties to the Chemical Weapons Convention Sixteenth Conference of States Parties to the Chemical Weapons Convention in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): The United States participated in the Sixteenth Session of the Conference of the States [...]...
108. Convention Relating to Damage Caused by Foreign Aircraft to Third Parties on the Surface Contents Convention Relating to Damage Caused by Foreign Aircraft to Third Parties on the Surface     CHAPTER I PRINCIPLES ... Read more...
109. Convention Relating to Damage Caused by Foreign Aircraft to Third Parties on the Surface 5 Contents Convention Relating to Damage Caused by Foreign Aircraft to Third Parties on the Surface   CHAPTER V APPLICATION OF ... Read more...
110. Convention Relating to Damage Caused by Foreign Aircraft to Third Parties on the Surface 2 Contents Convention Relating to Damage Caused by Foreign Aircraft to Third Parties on the Surface   Article 12 1. If ... Read more...
111. Convention Relating to Damage Caused by Foreign Aircraft to Third Parties on the Surface 3 Contents Convention Relating to Damage Caused by Foreign Aircraft to Third Parties on the Surface   Article 16 1. The ... Read more...
112. Convention Relating to Damage Caused by Foreign Aircraft to Third Parties on the Surface 4 Contents Convention Relating to Damage Caused by Foreign Aircraft to Third Parties on the Surface   Article 20 1. Actions ... Read more...
113. Political History Contents Political History Introduction From the beginning of recorded history, one aspect of the political world that has become clear ... Read more...
114. Dictionnaire Universel de Commerce: contenant tout ce qui concerne le Commerce qui se fait dans les quatre parties du Monde Contents Dictionnaire universel de commerce: contenant tout ce qui concerne le commerce qui se fait dans les quatre parties du ... Read more...
115. Political Obligation Contents Political Obligation In relation to Legal Authority and Obligation, see also the entries about Legal Authority (here), Obligations in ... Read more...
116. Political Pluralism Contents Political Pluralism Pluralism in Politics On the basis of some decades of experience, one can reasonably argue that eclmic ... Read more...
117. Political Corruption Contents Political Corruption Definition Passas [1] wrote that political corruption comprises “public officials acting in the best interest of private ... Read more...
118. Political Affairs Political Affairs The Department of Political Affairs (DPA) of the UN DPA is engaged in various types of rule of ... Read more...
119. Convention on the Political Rights of Women   Article I Women shall be entitled to vote in all elections on equal terms with men without any discrimination. Article II Women shall be eligible for election to all publicly elected bodies, established by national law, on equal terms with men, without any discrimination. Article III [...]...
120. Worldwide Political Science Abstracts Worldwide Political Science Abstracts. Index details: Ann Arbor, MI: ProQuest, 1975-. Monthly. Coverage: 1975 to present Provides over 436,000 citations ... Read more...