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1. Efficiency Literature Review on Efficiency as Performance Measurement In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Hwang-Sun Kang offers the following summary about the topic of Efficiency as Performance Measurement: This entry introduces the concept of efficiency and discusses [...]...
2. Surveys Literature Review on Surveys: Measurement Approaches In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Ling Zhu offers the following summary about the topic of Surveys: Measurement Approaches: Survey research is one of the most popular tools in the field of public [...]...
3. Patronage Literature Review on (Personnel Policy) Patronage and Spoils In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Donald E. Klingner offers the following summary about the topic of (Personnel Policy) Patronage and Spoils: This entry discusses the following: 1) the role of [...]...
4. Grievance Procedures Literature Review on (Personnel Management) Grievance Procedures and Administration In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Lisa Blomgren Bingham and Tina Nabatchi provide the following summary about the topic of (Personnel Management) Grievance Procedures and [...]...
5. Merit Pay Literature Review on Merit Pay and Pay-for-Performance In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Joan E. Pynes offers the following summary about the topic of Merit Pay and Pay-for-Performance: Many public sector agencies have begun to align pay with [...]...
6. Appraisal Systems Literature Review on Performance Management: 360-Degree Appraisal Systems In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Neil M. Boyd offers the following summary about the topic of Performance Management: 360-Degree Appraisal Systems: A 360-degree performance [...]...
7. Personnel Burnout Literature Review on Personnel Management Burnout In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Robert T. Golembiewski offers the following summary about the topic of Personnel Management Burnout: Adding tension to a system is intended to energize it, which requires [...]...
8. Reduction in Force Literature Review on (Personnel Policy) Reduction in Force In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Teva J. Scheer offers the following summary about the topic of (Personnel Policy) Reduction in Force: This entry discusses the requirements and procedures that [...]...
9. Regression Analysis Literature Review on (Research Methods) Regression Analysis In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Jan Wynen offers the following summary about the topic of (Research Methods) Regression Analysis: Regression analysis concerns itself with the application of [...]...
10. Pensions Fund Literature Review on Pensions: Fund Management In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Jun Peng offers the following summary about the topic of Pensions: Fund Management: This entry discusses some of the basic mechanics in the management of public pension plans. [...]...
11. Budgets Literature Review on Budgeting: Implementing Performance-Based Budgets In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Julia E. Melkers offers the following summary about the topic of Budgeting: Implementing Performance-Based Budgets: This entry covers performance-based [...]...
12. Employee Selection Procedures Literature Review on (Personnel Management) Employee Selection Procedures In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Teva J. Scheer offers the following summary about the topic of (Personnel Management) Employee Selection Procedures: The Uniform Guidelines on [...]...
13. Public Policy Administration Literature Review on Constitutional Constraints: Public Policy Administration In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Matthew Woessner offers the following summary about the topic of Constitutional Constraints: Public Policy Administration: By fragmenting the [...]...
14. Policy Values Literature Review on Policy Analysis and Values In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Steven A. Peterson offers the following summary about the topic of Policy Analysis and Values: Values structure policy analysis. This entry examines the role of individual [...]...
15. Positivism The Legal History of Positivism in United States Law This section provides an overview of Positivism in United States Law Literature Review on (Public Administration Theory) Logical Positivism and Public Administration In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] [...]...
16. Public Relations in Public Administration Literature Review on Public Relations in Public Administration In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Mordecai Lee offers the following summary about the topic of Public Relations in Public Administration: By its very nature, public administration is a public [...]...
17. Policy Sciences Literature Review on (Policy Analysis) Policy Sciences Approach In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Peter deLeon and Christine R. Martell provide the following summary about the topic of (Policy Analysis) Policy Sciences Approach: This entry describes the [...]...
18. Public Service Literature Review on Public Service In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Richard A. Loverd offers the following summary about the topic of Public Service: Public service can be analyzed as a place of employment or an attitude. While the challenges are great, [...]...
19. Postemployment Benefits Literature Review on Pensions: Postemployment Benefits In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Thad Calabrese offers the following summary about the topic of Pensions: Postemployment Benefits: The increasing budgetary stress caused by pensions also brought [...]...
20. Policy Change Literature Review on Policy Change In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] James L. True offers the following summary about the topic of Policy Change: Government policies sometimes undergo major changes. A new purpose is undertaken, or a new program is [...]...
21. Policy Design Literature Review on Policy Design In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Anne L. Schneider and Helen Ingram provide the following summary about the topic of Policy Design: Policy design refers to the content and substance of public policy—the tools, [...]...
22. Policy Termination Literature Review on Policy Termination In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Mark R. Daniels offers the following summary about the topic of Policy Termination: This entry reviews the literature on policy termination, which occurs when one policy is adopted [...]...
23. Balanced Scorecard Literature Review on Balanced Scorecard In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Peter J. Reed offers the following summary about the topic of Balanced Scorecard: Public sector organizations necessarily have a different perspective concerning the customer value [...]...
24. Labor–Management Rights Literature Review on (Personnel Policy) Labor--Management Rights and Responsibilities In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] D.S. Chauhan offers the following summary about the topic of (Personnel Policy) Labor--Management Rights and Responsibilities: The [...]...
25. Policy Diffusion Literature Review on Policy Diffusion In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Karen Mossberger offers the following summary about the topic of Policy Diffusion: Policy diffusion involves the spread of policy ideas across political jurisdictions. This entry [...]...
26. Public Policy Formation Literature Review on (Policy Making) Ambiguity and Public Policy Formation In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Nikolaos Zahariadis offers the following summary about the topic of (Policy Making) Ambiguity and Public Policy Formation: Multiple streams (MS) is [...]...
27. Public Policy Discourse Literature Review on (Ethics) Biomedical and Public Policy Discourse In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] John Abbott Worthley offers the following summary about the topic of (Ethics) Biomedical and Public Policy Discourse: What is the nature of public [...]...
28. Policy Process Literature Review on (Policy Analysis) Policy Process Models In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Thomas A. Birkland offers the following summary about the topic of (Policy Analysis) Policy Process Models: The simplest definition of the term "public [...]...
29. Groups Groups and Groupings in the United Nations Further Reading A concise encyclopedia of the United Nations (including Groups, H Volger, KA Annan -2010) The Oxford Handbook on the United Nations (TG Weiss - 2007) International Law: A Dictionary (including Groups, Boczek, Boleslaw Adam -2005) [...]...
30. Participatory Budgeting Literature Review on Brazil: Participatory Budgeting in Brazil In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Lucio Renno offers the following summary about the topic of Participatory Budgeting in Brazil: This entry explores the main characteristics, advantages, and [...]...
31. Finance Analysis Literature Review on Spatial Finance Analysis In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Ray Gonzales offers the following summary about the topic of Spatial Finance Analysis: This entry explores the idea of housing choice as it was envisioned by Charles Tiebout. [...]...
32. Win-Win Policy Literature Review on (Policy Making) Win-Win Policy Solutions In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Stuart S. Nagel offers the following summary about the topic of (Policy Making) Win-Win Policy Solutions: Win–win policy refers to public policy that is capable [...]...
33. Postpositivist Perspectives Literature Review on (Policy Analysis) Postpositivist Perspectives In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Göktu_ Morçöl offers the following summary about the topic of (Policy Analysis) Postpositivist Perspectives: Postpositivism is a group of philosophical [...]...
34. Institutional Economics Literature Review on (Public Administration Theory) New Institutional Economics In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Brian E. Dollery and Joe L. Wallis provide the following summary about the topic of (Public Administration Theory) New Institutional [...]...
35. Bureaucratic Reform Literature Review on Bureaucratic Reform In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Brendan F. Burke offers the following summary about the topic of Bureaucratic Reform: State-level reform has taken several active paths during the past decade. This entry describes [...]...
36. Attractors Literature Review on (Public Administration Theory) Attractors, Strange Attractors, and Fractals In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] David Ogula offers the following summary about the topic of (Public Administration Theory) Attractors, Strange Attractors, [...]...
37. Tax Administration Literature Review on Tax Administration In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] John L. Mikesell offers the following summary about the topic of Tax Administration: Tax administration defines tax policy. The manner in which a tax is implemented determines the [...]...
38. Bureaucratic Politics Literature Review on Bureaucratic Politics In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Gene A. Brewer offers the following summary about the topic of Bureaucratic Politics: Bureaucratic politics occurs when bureaucrats, who are non-elected government officials, [...]...
39. Policy Making in Local Government Literature Review on Policy Making in Local Government In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Jeremy L. Hall offers the following summary about the topic of Policy Making in Local Government: Local policy making, while similar, differs in important ways from [...]...
40. Policy Networks Literature Review on Policy Networks In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Jack W. Meek offers the following summary about the topic of Policy Networks: Policy networks have become the center of attention among scholars in political science, policy and policy [...]...
41. Policy Research Literature Review on Policy Research: Measuring Benefits In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Henry E. Kilpatrick offers the following summary about the topic of Policy Research: Measuring Benefits: This entry discusses issues in evaluating social science [...]...
42. Pragmatism Literature Review on Pragmatism In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Keith F. Snider offers the following summary about the topic of Pragmatism: This entry discusses the connections between philosophical pragmatism and public administration. It describes the [...]...
43. Evolutionary Theory Literature Review on Evolutionary Theory and Public Policy In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Steven A. Peterson offers the following summary about the topic of Evolutionary Theory and Public Policy: Evolutionary theory can inform policy discussion. This [...]...
44. Financial Condition Literature Review on Financial Condition In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Jane Beckett-Camarata offers the following summary about the topic of Financial Condition: This entry describes local government financial condition, its importance, and discusses [...]...
45. Productivity Literature Review on (Management) Productivity and Budgeting In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Gerald J. Miller and Donijo Robbins provide the following summary about the topic of (Management) Productivity and Budgeting: When setting goals, decision makers [...]...
46. Appreciative Inquiry Literature Review on (Research Methods) Appreciative Inquiry In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Thomas W. Kent offers the following summary about the topic of (Research Methods) Appreciative Inquiry: Appreciative inquiry (AI) is an organizational [...]...
47. Public Administration Political Science: Fields in Political Science: Public Administration Introduction to Public Administration Political scientists interested in public administration study government organizations and their relation to other parts of government. Political scientists investigate how these [...]...
48. Portability of Pensions Spanish Translation of portability of pensionsThis is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to portability of pensions and / or a definition of this topic: Pensiones (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry)....
49. Defense Policy Literature Review on (Defense and Military Policy) Casualty Aversion In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Yagil Levy offers the following summary about the topic of (Defense and Military Policy) Casualty Aversion: This entry describes the emergence of the [...]...
50. Development Policy Literature Review on Development Policy In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Lawrence S. Graham offers the following summary about the topic of Development Policy: Development policy is the overarching term we use today in public administration and public [...]...
51. Sciences Literature Review on (Public Administration Theory) New Sciences Approach In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Göktu_ Morçöl offers the following summary about the topic of (Public Administration Theory) New Sciences Approach: "New Sciences" is a [...]...
52. Politics Politics Politics From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Politics (1): A minister who had been expelled by his congregation for voting the Democratic ticket, had some of the members of the church arrested under the election laws for intimidating a voter. The court held that [...]...
53. Contract Administration Literature Review on (Contracting) Labor Relations and Contract Administration In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] D.S. Chauhan offers the following summary about the topic of (Contracting) Labor Relations and Contract Administration: The impact of [...]...
54. Diversity Literature Review on Diversity In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Sonia M. Ospina and James F. O'Sullivan provide the following summary about the topic of Diversity: Diversity management in the public sector, as in any organization, is a [...]...
55. School Violence Literature Review on Education: School Violence In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Helen E. Lees offers the following summary about the topic of Education: School Violence: School violence can be characterized in a number of ways. The idea of violence as [...]...
56. Governance Networks Literature Review on Governance Networks In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Robert Agranoff and Michael McGuire offers the following summary about the topic of Governance Networks: Governance networks bring the nonprofit and for-profit sectors together with [...]...
57. H. George Frederickson Literature Review on H. George Frederickson In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Edmund C. Stazyk offers the following summary about the topic of H. George Frederickson: This entry reviews the life and work of H. George Frederickson. A generalist in the field [...]...
58. Policy Implementation Literature Review on Policy Implementation In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Ann O'M. Bowman offers the following summary about the topic of Policy Implementation: Implementation makes a policy happen; it gives a policy life. Policy formulation and [...]...
59. Camilla Stivers Literature Review on Camilla Stivers In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Cheryl Simrell King offers the following summary about the topic of Camilla Stivers: Camilla Stivers is a scholar of significant merit and contribution with an illustrious publishing [...]...
60. James Perry Literature Review on James Perry In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Elizabeth Sassler and Robert K. Christensen provide the following summary about the topic of James Perry: James L. Perry is an important figure in contemporary public administration and [...]...
61. Network Analysis Literature Review on (Public Administration Theory) Network Analysis In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Naim Kapucu offers the following summary about the topic of (Public Administration Theory) Network Analysis: With the increase in network analysis-based [...]...
62. Research Methodology Literature Review on (Research Methods) Q Methodology In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Dan Durning offers the following summary about the topic of (Research Methods) Q Methodology: Q methodology was created as a method for the systematic study of [...]...
63. Employee Benefits Employee Benefits Law Literature Review on Employee Benefits In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Jerrell D. Coggburn and Dennis M. Daley provide the following summary about the topic of Employee Benefits: Designing and administering an attractive yet [...]...
64. Ombuds Literature Review on Ombuds and Ombuds Programs In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Tina Nabatchi and Lisa Blomgren Bingham provide the following summary about the topic of Ombuds and Ombuds Programs: This entry discusses the role of an ombuds, a person [...]...
65. Principles of Emergency Management Literature Review on Principles of Emergency Management In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] David A. McEntire offers the following summary about the topic of Principles of (Emergency Management) This encyclopedic entry discusses the principles of emergency [...]...
66. Futures Literature Review on Futures and Options In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Greg Chen offers the following summary about the topic of Futures and Options: This entry discusses the concepts and practices of futures and options in the financial market. It [...]...
67. Organizational Commitment Literature Review on Organizational Commitment In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Jong-In Yoon offers the following summary about the topic of Organizational Commitment: This entry addresses several aspects of organizational commitment (OC). First, the [...]...
68. Equilibrium Literature Review on (Policy Analysis) Punctuated Equilibrium Theory In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Scott E. Robinson offers the following summary about the topic of (Policy Analysis) Punctuated Equilibrium Theory: This entry traces the historical roots [...]...
69. Public Funds Literature Review on Public Funds: Investment Strategies In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] William G. Albrecht offers the following summary about the topic of Public Funds: Investment Strategies: This entry broadly defines and illustrates public sector [...]...
70. Bureaucracy Perspectives Literature Review on Bureaucracy Perspectives In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Larkin S. Dudley offers the following summary about the topic of Bureaucracy Perspectives: To introduce some of the bureaucratic literature pertinent to public administration, [...]...
71. Human Relations Literature Review on Management Theory: Human Relations School In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Gerald T. Gabris offers the following summary about the topic of Management Theory: Human Relations School: In human relations management, it is assumed that [...]...
72. Probability Theory Literature Review on Probability Theory In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Bradley J. Best and Paul J. Brennan provide the following summary about the topic of Probability Theory: Public administrators use probability theory to account for uncertainty in [...]...
73. Sexual Identity and Ethics Literature Review on Sexual Identity and Ethics In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Lorenda Naylor offers the following summary about the topic of Sexual Identity and Ethics: This entry focuses on the intersection of ethics and sexual identity within the [...]...
74. Team Building Literature Review on Team Building In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] R. Wayne Boss and Mark L. McConkie provide the following summary about the topic of Team Building: Successful team-building designs typically result in greater skill development, [...]...
75. Procurement Procurement (by Governments) Procurement in International Trade Meaning of Procurement, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): All aspects of acquiring and delivering goods, services and works. It starts with identifying a need and finishes with either the end [...]...
76. Budget Reform Literature Review on Budget Reform In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Jerry McCaffery offers the following summary about the topic of Budget Reform: Budget reform involves restructuring the budget process to provide better information so that decision [...]...
77. Robert T. Golembiewski Literature Review on Robert T. Golembiewski In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] R. Wayne Boss, Rex L. Facer, Mark L. McConkie, Gerald J. Miller and Samuel J. Yeager provide the following summary about the topic of Robert T. Golembiewski: Robert T. [...]...
78. Policing Practices Literature Review on Latin America: Policing Practices In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Lucía Dammert and Liza Zuñiga provide the following summary about the topic of Policing Practices in Latin America: This entry describes policing practices in Latin [...]...
79. Leadership Theories Literature Review on Leadership: Economic Theories In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Brian E. Dollery and Joe L. Wallis provide the following summary about the topic of Leadership: Economic Theories: The concentration of the operational authority over [...]...
80. Transaction Cost Literature Review on (Policy Analysis) Transaction Cost Economics In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Glenn A. Daley offers the following summary about the topic of (Policy Analysis) Transaction Cost Economics: Transaction cost economics (TCE) is the study [...]...
81. Strategic Management Literature Review on Strategic Management and Productivity In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Arie Halachmi offers the following summary about the topic of Strategic Management and Productivity: This entry describes the main characteristics of strategic [...]...
82. Performance Audits Literature Review on Performance Audits In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Brendan F. Burke and Wendy Haynes provide the following summary about the topic of Performance Audits: This entry describes the history of performance auditing and distinguishes [...]...
83. Performance Indicators: Use in State Administration Literature Review on Performance Indicators: Use in State Administration In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Peter J. Haas offers the following summary about the topic of Performance Indicators: Use in State Administration: The critical aspect of performance [...]...
84. Performance Performance in the Context of Peacemaking Definition of Performance published by the United Nations: measurement Refers to the system and processes involved in monitoring and evaluation of Programme performance, based on agreed standards and measures of performance formulated at the inception [...]...
85. Performance Requirements Performance Requirements and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Performance Requirements: Government-imposed rules or conditions requiring foreign investors to serve [...]...
86. Performance Management Performance management in the Context of Peacemaking Definition of Performance management published by the United Nations: A strategic framework and approach in managing and improving performance, it optimizes results by aligning all operating units, systems and processes in order to achieve [...]...
87. Performance Reporting Literature Review on Performance Reporting In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] William Earle Klay and Ki Woong Cho provide the following summary about the topic of Performance Reporting: Performance reporting conveys information about activities, [...]...
88. Performance Record Resources See Also Personnel Law Enforcement Officer Military Personnel Law Practice Management Appraisal...
89. Performance Related Pay Resources See Also Personnel Law Enforcement Officer Military Personnel Law Practice Management Appraisal...
90. Measurement Ton An expression of cubic measurement equal to forty cubic feet, used either to define the interior of a vessel or as a basis for assessing freight on cargo. With virtually worldwide conversion to metric measurement, a measurement/stow ton may be defined as the equal of a cubic meter, depending [...]...
91. Weight Or Measurement A provision in a carrier's tariff that permits the carrier, in those cases where the tariff provides both weight and measurement rates for the same product, to use either rate at its option. Essentially, the carrier is authorized to use either rate in order to achieve the greatest revenue.......
92. Measurement Cargo Measurement Cargo in International Trade Meaning of Measurement Cargo, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A cargo on which the transportation charge is assessed on the basis of measurement....
93. Measurement of Accountability Literature Review on Measurement of Accountability In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Jan Biela offers the following summary about the topic of Measurement of Accountability: Accountability is an often underspecified and multidimensional concept. [...]...
94. Measurement System Empirical Verification of the Performance Measurement System, the Law and other Social Sciences In their endeavor to increase profits, companies usually become aware that this is predominantly the result of employee competence and satisfaction, processes excellence and customer's [...]...
95. Intellectual Capital Measurement Intellectual Capital Measurement, the Law and other Social Sciences The aim of the article is to present the current state of knowledge concerning Intellectual capital (IC) and its measurement methods. Although IC may be estimated on the micro, macro and industry level, this subject deals with [...]...
96. Performance Bond Performance Bond in International Trade Meaning of Performance Bond, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A bond which guarantees proper fulfillment of the terms of a contract. In practice, the beneficiary of the bond (usually the buyer or services and/or [...]...
97. Performance Indicators Benchmarking Performance Indicators of Indian Rail Freight by Dea Approach, the Law and other Social Sciences The overall development of business operations logistics activities becomes more important for firms with the globalization of economy and therefore performance measurement being [...]...
98. Place of Performance Place of Performance in Private International Law This section contain conflict of laws information and cross references related to place of performance on some major countries and additional jurisdictions. It covers key issues involved when citizens face international situations. Information [...]...
99. Performance Appraisal Resources See Also Personnel Law Enforcement Officer Military Personnel Law Practice Management Appraisal...
100. Citizen-Driven Performance Literature Review on Citizen-Driven Performance Measurement In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Kathe Callahan offers the following summary about the topic of Citizen-Driven Performance Measurement: Citizen-driven performance measurement requires that [...]...
101. Competitive Performance Competitive Performance and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Competitive Performance: The measurable results of competitiveness --i.e., the outcome of a country's or a firm's efforts in [...]...
102. Market Performance Market Performance and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Market Performance: The principal focus of competition policy, market performance refers to the degree to which a particular industry or [...]...
103. Key Performance Indicators Key Performance Indicators (KPIS) in International Trade Meaning of Key Performance Indicators (kpis), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A set of financial and non-financial values used to measure the success of an organization or a particular activity, [...]...
104. Withholding Performance Contents Withholding Performance Buyer’s Right to Withhold Performance of Contract under the UN Sales Convention Introduction Concept of the Right ... Read more...
105. Discharge by Performance Find out, in this world legal encyclopedia, additional information relating to Discharge by Performance....
106. Budget Performance Literature Review on Budgeting: Performance-Based In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Judith R. Brown offers the following summary about the topic of Performance-Based Budgeting: What benefits do citizens realize from their investment in government? We pay [...]...
107. Municipal Performance Literature Review on Performance Measurement: Municipal In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Taehee Kim offers the following summary about the topic of Performance Measurement: Municipal: This entry aims to increase the awareness of students or practitioners [...]...
108. Ecological Performance Ecological Performance: New Metric to Measure Green Supply Chain Practices, the Law and other Social Sciences This chapter is aim to discuss the concept of ecological performance which extended from environmental performance. Sustainable development has become a concerned focus nowadays by [...]...
109. Standard Performance Resources See Also Contract Contracting Novation Contract Dispute...
110. Work Performance Resources See Also Personnel Law Enforcement Officer Military Personnel Law Practice Management Appraisal...
111. Centre for Economic Performance Centre for Economic Performance (CEP) in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Centre for Economic Performance (CEP): A British research institute funded by the government as well as by [...]...
112. Export-performance Measure Export-performance Measure in International Trade Meaning of Export-performance Measure, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Requirement that a certain quantity of production must be exported....
113. Permanent Court of Arbitration Introduction to Permanent Court of Arbitration Permanent Court of Arbitration, panel of arbitrators established by the Convention for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes, signed by 24 nations at the first international peace conference at The Hague, the Netherlands, in 1899. The [...]...
114. Peage Dues A special form of harbor dues imposed by some North African ports upon cargoes of phosphates in bulk.......
115. Pecuniary Exchange The settlement of obligations by payment of money, rather than by goods or services.......
116. Per Diem Summary of Per Diem A daily charge levied by the owner of transport equipment for its use.(Main Author: William J. Miller) Resources See Also Wage Wages Salary Minimum Wage Fair Labor Salaries...
117. Per Procuration A signature or endorsement on a bill of exchange, check, or other document performed by an agent under a limited authority granted by the principal. An endorsement per procuration (indicated as "per proc.," "per pro.," or "P.P.") gives notice that the agent's author......
118. Perils Of The Sea Extraordinary influence of wind, waves, and other violent marine forces serving to endanger a maritime adventure; to be distinguished from the normal, undisturbed forces of the sea that a vessel might reasonably be expected to encounter during the course of the voyage.......
119. Periodic Requirements License A special validated license authorizing the exportation, during a one-year period, of articles covered in the Commodity Control List (read this and related legal terms for further details) to one or more specified consig......
120. Permanent Establishment For international tax purposes, defined in the model tax convention of the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development as "a fixed place of business in which the business of the enterprise is wholly or partly carried on." It can include an office, factory, or similar facilities. T......