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Search results for: “hebrew law”

  • Republics in History

    Republic (government) Republics in HistoryIntroduction to Republics in HistorySome scholars regard the ancient confederation of Hebrew tribes that endured in Palestine from the 15th century bc until a monarchy was established about 1020 bc as an embryonic republic. That would make …

  • Retribution

    Purposes of Imprisonment RetributionIntroduction to RetributionPunishing those who violate society's rules satisfies a desire for vengeance or retribution. Conventional punishment for criminal conduct includes confining inmates in cells, restricting their freedom, and obligatin…

  • Halakhah

    Introduction to HalakhahHalakhah (from Hebrew, "to go"), in Judaism, the body of traditional law that is based on rabbinical interpretation and supplements the scriptural law contained in the Pentateuch, the Law of Moses. Halakhah, which is also spelled Halacha or Halakha, has com…

  • Haskalah

    Zionism Historical Background: The Haskalah and the Move to AssimilateIntroduction to HaskalahA secular Zionism could not emerge until Jewish life itself was to some extent secularized. This process began in the 18th century with the Haskalah (Hebrew, "enlightenment"), a …

  • Code Of Hammurabi Nature

    Nature of Hammurabi's CodeThe Code of Hammurabi contains no laws having to do with religion. The basis of criminal law is that of equal retaliation, comparable to the Semitic law of "an eye for an eye." The law offers protection to all classes of Babylonian society; it seeks t…

  • Census History

    Census HistoryCensuses have been taken since ancient times by emperors and kings trying to assess the size and strength of their realms. These early censuses were conducted sporadically, generally to levy taxes or for military conscription. Clay tablet fragments from ancient Babylon indicat…

  • Decalogue

    Decalogue In Christian Tradition Decalogue (in patristic Gr. ἡ δεκάλογος, sc. βἰβλος or νομοθεσία), another name for the biblical Ten Commandments, in Hebrew the Ten Words (Deut. iv. 13, x. 4; Ex. xxxiv. 28), written by God on the two tables of stone (Ex. xxiv. 12, xxxii. 16), the so-called Tables of the Revelation (E.V.…

  • History of Migration

    History of Migration Migration in Ancient History Among the most far-reaching series of ancient migrations were those of the peoples who spread the Indo-European family of languages (see Indo-European Languages). According to a prevalent hypothesis, a large group of Indo-Europeans migrated from east-central Europe eastward toward the region of the Caspian Sea before 3000 BC.…

  • Early Courts

    Early Courts The recognized existence of even primitive courts implies a relatively high degree of social organization and the need for systematic adjudication of disputes on the basis of established customs and consciously formulated rules of social conduct. Archaeologists and anthropologists have established the existence of courts in simple societies over wide areas of Asia,…

  • History of Zionism

    History of Zionism History of Zionism before 1910 During the middle ages, though the racial character of the Jews was being transformed by their Ghetto seclusion, the national yearning suffered no relaxation. If it expressed itself exclusively in literature, it was not on that account undergoing a process of idealization. (Cf. Abrahams’s Jewish Life in…

  • Jacques Derrida

    Jacques Derrida Jacques Derrida was born to a Sephardic Jewish family near Algiers in 1930 (and died on October 9, 2004), in what was then French Algeria. After World War II, Dorrida moved to France, where in 1950 he failed the entrance examination at the Ecole normale supérieure. Only in 1956 did he finally qualify.…

  • Rousseau

    Rousseau This writer on public affairs was the supreme authority of the democrats in his time. He, to a greater extent than anyone else, completely accepted the theory of the total inertness of mankind in the presence of the legislators: “If it is true that a great prince is rare, then is it not true…

  • Top 25.000 English words

    Which are the top 25.000 most popular English words? According to a review from Lawi, these are the 25.000 most popular English words, in order: you the i to a and it of that in is me what this for my on your we have do no don’t are be i’m not was he it’s…