Multiple Streams

Literature Review on (Policy Analysis) Multiple Streams Framework

In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Nikolaos Zahariadis and Spiros Protopsaltis provide the following summary about the topic of (Policy Analysis) Multiple Streams Framework: The multiple streams (MS) framework of the policy process explains choice in policy making under conditions of ambiguity and proposes a theory of political manipulation. The MS identifies three conceptually separate and usually parallel streams (problems, policies, and politics) flowing through the system as having their own dynamics and rules. At critical points in time, termed open “policy windows,” the streams are merged through the efforts of policy entrepreneurs. The chances that an issue will receive serious attention and a particular policy will be adopted increase dramatically when all three streams are coupled through strategic manipulation by skillful, resourceful, and well-positioned policy entrepreneurs.

Resources

Notes and References

1. Entry about (Policy Analysis) Multiple Streams Framework in the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy (2015, Routledge, Oxford, United Kingdom)

See Also

Further Reading

• Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance (2018, Springer International Publishing, Germany)