Related Entries of the International Encyclopedia:

1. Foreign Exchange Market Hierarchical Display of Foreign exchange market Finance > Monetary economics > Exchange policyFinance > Monetary relations > Monetary relationsFinance > Free movement of capital > Futures marketFinance > Free movement of capital > Free movement of capital > Capital [...]...
2. Money-market Liquidity Hierarchical Display of Money-market liquidity Finance > Monetary economics > Money market Money-market liquidity Concept of Money-market liquidity See the dictionary definition of Money-market liquidity. Characteristics of Money-market liquidity [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] Resources Translation [...]...
3. Interbank Market A market for the purchase and sale in the spot and forward markets for foreign exchange among major commercial banks. Very often, these banks will offer to purchase or sell exchange through brokers, thereby initially protecting the identity of the market participants in a given currency at a point i......
4. Spot Market A market for commodities or currency in which the sale results in an immediate or nearly immediate exchange of the goods or instruments for cash, as compared with a futures market, which trades in contracts for the future delivery of the product.......
5. Money Market Accounts Money Market Accounts regarding Banking Law This content deals with legal and regulatory aspects of Money Market Accounts covered in connexion with financial law and banking / lending Institutions....
6. Currency Convertibility Hierarchical Display of Currency convertibility Finance > Monetary economics > Exchange policyFinance > Monetary economics > Money market > MoneyFinance > Monetary economics > Monetary policy > Issuing of currencyFinance > Monetary relations > International finance > International [...]...
7. Electronic Money Hierarchical Display of Electronic money Finance > Monetary economics > Money market > Money > Deposit moneyFinance > Free movement of capital > Financial market > Financial transaction > Payment system Electronic money Concept of Electronic money See the dictionary definition of [...]...
8. International Currency Trends in International Political Economy: International CurrencyIntroduction to International CurrencyExplosive growth in the exchange of foreign currencies in international markets has also transformed the global political economy (see foreign exchange). Advanced telecommunicatio......
9. Financial Market Resources See Also Trade Market White Market Financial Market Trade Law Competition Law...
10. Foreign Currency Foreign Currency in International Trade Meaning of Foreign Currency, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The currency of any foreign country which is authorized medium of circulation and the basis for record keeping in that country. Foreign currency is [...]...
11. Deposit Money Hierarchical Display of Deposit money Finance > Monetary economics > Money market > MoneyFinance > Financial institutions and credit > Banking Deposit money Concept of Deposit money See the dictionary definition of Deposit money. Characteristics of Deposit money [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] [...]...
12. Gold Exchange Standard A condition in which a nation maintains its reserves in a currency convertible into gold rather than in the metal itself. Since August 15, 1971, the U.S. dollar has not been freely convertible into gold by foreign central banks; it therefore does not qualify as a reserve currency for a nation on a g......
13. Money Supply Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
14. Currency Area Optimum Currency Area and Europe There is an entry on optimum currency area in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Optimum Currency Area" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", by Rodney [...]...
15. Exchange Policy Hierarchical Display of Exchange policy Finance > Monetary economicsFinance > Monetary relations > Monetary relationsFinance > Monetary relations > European currency > EuroTrade > Trade policy > Commercial law > Law on negotiable instrumentsFinance > Monetary economics > [...]...
16. Gold Hierarchical Display of Gold Industry > Iron, steel and other metal industries > Metals > Precious metalFinance > Monetary relations > International finance > Foreign-exchange reservesFinance > Monetary economics > Money market > MoneyFinance > Monetary economics > Exchange policy [...]...
17. Monetary Relations Resources See Also Further Reading Information related to monetary relations in the Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law(MPEPIL), Germany, United Kingdom...
18. Capital Movement Hierarchical Display of Capital movement Finance > Free movement of capital > Free movement of capitalFinance > Monetary economics > Exchange policy > Foreign exchange marketFinance > Financial institutions and credit > Financial institutionFinance > Monetary relations > [...]...
19. Open Market Hierarchical Display of Open market Finance > Monetary economics > Exchange policy > Foreign exchange marketFinance > Financial institutions and credit > Credit policy > Rediscounting Open market Concept of Open market See the dictionary definition of Open market. Characteristics of Open [...]...
20. National Currency National Currency in the E-Commerce Law Fiat Currency (a.k.a. “real currency,” “real money,” or “national currency”), is the coin and paper money of a country that is designated as its legal tender; circulates; and is customarily used and accepted as a medium of exchange in the issuing [...]...
21. Paper Money Hierarchical Display of Paper money Finance > Monetary economics > Money market > MoneyTransport > Organisation of transport > Organisation of transport > Cash-in-transit Paper money Concept of Paper money See the dictionary definition of Paper money. Characteristics of Paper money [rtbs [...]...
22. Market Prices Hierarchical Display of Market prices Finance > PricesIndustry > Industrial structures and policy > Industrial policy > Industrial price > Delivered priceIndustry > Industrial structures and policy > Industrial policy > Industrial priceFinance > Prices > Prices policy > Price [...]...
23. Money and Currency Money and Currency in Private International Law This section contain conflict of laws information and cross references related to money and currency on some major countries and additional jurisdictions. It covers key issues involved when citizens face international situations. Information on [...]...
24. Petrodollar Dollars remitted to oil-producing countries in settlement of petroleum purchase accounts. As a practical matter, purchases of petroleum from members of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries are usually settled in U.S. dollars because of the immense volumes of currency required for these ......
25. Market Capitalisation Hierarchical Display of Market capitalisation Finance > Free movement of capital > Financial market > Stock exchange > Stock-exchange listing Market capitalisation Concept of Market capitalisation See the dictionary definition of Market capitalisation. Characteristics of Market [...]...
26. Money Any unit or instrument generally accepted as having value to effect the purchase of goods or services, or to settle debts. All money enjoys three characteristics: (1) it is a unit of account in which values can be measured; (2) it is a medium of exchange; and (3) it is a store of value (i.e., a [...]...
27. Monetary Union Resources See Also International Organization Foreign Relations Intergovernmental Organization Regional Organization Regional Integration...
28. Official Market Hierarchical Display of Official market Finance > Monetary economics > Exchange policy > Foreign exchange market Official market Concept of Official market See the dictionary definition of Official market. Characteristics of Official market [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] Resources Translation of [...]...
29. Eurodollar Eurodollar and Europe There is an entry on eurodollar in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Eurodollar" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", by Rodney Leach (Profile Books; London)...
30. Foreign-exchange Reserves Hierarchical Display of Foreign-exchange reserves Finance > Monetary relations > International financeIndustry > Iron, steel and other metal industries > Metals > Precious metal > GoldFinance > Monetary economics > Exchange policy > Foreign exchange market > Foreign currency [...]...
31. Hard Money Hard Money (currency) in International Trade Meaning of Hard Money (currency), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Currency of a nation having stability in the country and abroad. Refers to currency that is accepted internationally and freely convertible. [...]...
32. Exchange Transaction Hierarchical Display of Exchange transaction Finance > Financial institutions and credit > BankingFinance > Monetary economics > Exchange policy > Foreign exchange market Exchange transaction Concept of Exchange transaction See the dictionary definition of Exchange transaction. [...]...
33. Monetary Policy Monetary Policy (in the Human Development Area) In this context, Monetary Policy means: the complex of actions aiming to regulate the money supply in a country. By changing banking interest rate, or acting on open securities' market, a government either enlarges or diminishes inflow of [...]...
34. Law on Negotiable Instruments Hierarchical Display of Law on negotiable instruments Trade > Trade policy > Commercial lawFinance > Monetary economics > Exchange policyFinance > Monetary economics > Money market > Money > Deposit money > Negotiable instrument Law on negotiable instruments Concept of Law on [...]...
35. Futures Market Hierarchical Display of Futures market Finance > Free movement of capital Futures market Concept of Futures market See the dictionary definition of Futures market. Characteristics of Futures market [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] Resources Translation of Futures market Spanish: Mercado a plazo [...]...
36. Commodities Market Hierarchical Display of Commodities market Trade > Trade policy > MarketTrade > International trade > International trade > Primary productTrade > International trade > Trade relations > Commodity agreementFinance > Prices > Prices > Commodity price Commodities market Concept of [...]...
37. Monetary Cooperation Hierarchical Display of Monetary cooperation Finance > Monetary relations > Monetary relationsInternational Relations > Cooperation policy > Cooperation policy > Economic cooperationFinance > Monetary economics > Economic and Monetary UnionInternational Relations > Cooperation [...]...
38. Money Value The value of a good or service expressed in units of the currency in use.......
39. Money Of Account The currency unit used in a particular country to record governmental and private transactions. In the United States the money of account is the dollar; in Britain it is the pound sterling.......
40. Mobile Money Services Adoption and Use of Mobile Money Services in Nigeria, the Law and other Social Sciences Nigeria, like many developing economies has been fighting financial exclusion through different mechanisms and with financial inclusion target set at 80% by 2020 by its National Financial Inclusion [...]...
41. Monetary Compensatory Amount Hierarchical Display of Monetary compensatory amount Agriculture, Forestry And Fisheries > Agricultural policy > Common agricultural policy > Agri-monetary policyFinance > Monetary relations > European currency > EuroFinance > Monetary economics > Exchange policy > Exchange [...]...
42. Broad Money For purposes of calculating a nation's money supply, the sum of narrow money (i.e., currency in circulation plus private sector demand deposits) and quasimoney, including time and savings deposits and foreign currency deposits of residents.......
43. International Liquidity Resources See Also Public Finance Public Policy Tax Law Financial Regulation...
44. Money Laundering Concern Institutions of Primary Money Laundering Concern in 2013 (Continuation) United States views on international law [1] in relation to Institutions of Primary Money Laundering Concern: B. Rmeiti Exchange Facilitates or Promotes Money Laundering Activity With or on Behalf of Other Money [...]...
45. Fiat Money Currency that has value only because the state that issues it declares it to be legal tender; money that has no intrinsic value beyond the faith of the government that issues it. Paper money not freely exchangeable for gold or silver is fiat money. The term is often associated with regimes which ha......
46. Market Abuse Hierarchical Display of Market abuse Law > Criminal law > Offence > Economic offence Market abuse Concept of Market abuse See the dictionary definition of Market abuse. Characteristics of Market abuse [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] Resources Translation of Market abuse Spanish: Abuso de mercado [...]...
47. Euro Embracing mainstream international law, this section on euro explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Euro and Europe There is an entry on euro in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Euro" in the work [...]...
48. Money Order Money Order in International Trade Meaning of Money Order, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): An instrument used to remit money to a named payee, often used by parties who do not hold a current account with a banking institution to pay bills or transfer [...]...
49. European Monetary Agreement Hierarchical Display of European Monetary Agreement Finance > Monetary relations > Monetary relations > Monetary agreementInternational Organisations > World organisations > World organisation > Bank for International SettlementsFinance > Monetary economics > Exchange policy > Currency [...]...
50. Central Rate Each currency affiliated with the EUROPEAN monetary system (read this and related legal terms for further details) is assigned a value in terms of the European currency unit (ECU). The central rate is the range within wh......
51. Currency Currency in International Trade Meaning of Currency, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The circulating media of exchange in a country. Includes money and such financial instruments as checks. Resources See Also Public Finance Public Policy Tax Law [...]...
52. Velocity Of Money The speed at which a currency unit circulates within an economy. If money turns over at an increasing rate, this velocity indicates a speedup in the economy; conversely, a declining velocity may indicate a slowdown. The overall velocity of money is the product of two components. (1) Transaction velo......
53. Eurogroup (euro Area) Hierarchical Display of Eurogroup (euro area) Finance > Monetary relations > Monetary relations > Currency area > Euro area Eurogroup (euro area) Concept of Eurogroup (euro area) See the dictionary definition of Eurogroup (euro area). Characteristics of Eurogroup (euro area) [rtbs [...]...
54. Euro Area Hierarchical Display of Euro area Finance > Monetary relations > Monetary relations > Currency areaFinance > Monetary relations > European currency > EuroFinance > Monetary economics > Economic and Monetary UnionFinance > Monetary relations > Monetary relations > Currency area > [...]...
55. Market Stabilisation Hierarchical Display of Market stabilisation Trade > Trade policy > Trade policyAgriculture, Forestry And Fisheries > Agricultural policy > Common agricultural policyEconomics > Economic conditions > Economic cycle > Economic stabilisationAgriculture, Forestry And Fisheries > [...]...
56. Representative Money Currency secured by specie; paper money fully backed by gold or silver and redeemable into metal on demand.......
57. Representative Market Price Hierarchical Display of Representative market price Finance > Prices > Prices Representative market price Concept of Representative market price See the dictionary definition of Representative market price. Characteristics of Representative market price [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] Resources [...]...
58. Economic and Monetary Union Economic and Monetary Union and the European Union Resources See Also EMU...
59. Supply and Demand Hierarchical Display of Supply and demand Trade > TradeTrade > Trade policy > MarketEconomics > Economic structure > Economic system > Market economyEconomics > Economic analysis > Economic analysisFinance > Prices > Prices policy > Price formationFinance > Monetary [...]...
60. Monetary Agreement Resources See Also Further Reading Information related to monetary agreement in the Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law(MPEPIL), Germany, United Kingdom...
61. Credit Transfer Hierarchical Display of Credit transfer Finance > Monetary economics > Money market > Money > Deposit moneyFinance > Monetary economics > Money market > Banking Credit transfer Concept of Credit transfer See the dictionary definition of Credit transfer. Characteristics of Credit transfer [...]...
62. Dual Exchange Market A governmentally mandated system for the handling of foreign exchange transactions under which officially sanctioned imports or other approved transactions are accommodated at a given, prescribed rate of exchange while other transactions employ the market rate of exchange. For a listing of countries......
63. Institutions of Primary Money Laundering Concern Institutions of Primary Money Laundering Concern in 2013 United States views on international law [1] in relation to Institutions of Primary Money Laundering Concern: (1) Rmeiti Exchange (Lebanon) On April 25, 2013, the Department of the Treasury, Financial Crimes Enforcement Network [...]...
64. Money Laundering Money Laundering in International Trade Meaning of Money Laundering, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The process whereby criminal seek to "wash" illicit funds (generally garnered from international terrorism or drug dealing). By moving funds [...]...
65. World Market Price Hierarchical Display of World market price Finance > Prices > Market pricesTrade > Trade policy > Export policy > Export financing > Export refund World market price Concept of World market price See the dictionary definition of World market price. Characteristics of World market price [...]...
66. Issuing of Currency Hierarchical Display of Issuing of currency Finance > Monetary economics > Monetary policyFinance > Monetary economics > Exchange policy > Currency convertibilityFinance > Public finance and budget policy > Public finance > Treasury Issuing of currency Concept of Issuing of currency [...]...
67. Market Intervention Hierarchical Display of Market intervention Trade > Trade policy > Trade policyAgriculture, Forestry And Fisheries > Agricultural policy > Common agricultural policy > Common organisation of marketsEconomics > Economic policy > Economic policy > Intervention policyFinance > Free [...]...
68. Single Exchange-rate Policy Hierarchical Display of Single exchange-rate policy Finance > Monetary economics > Economic and Monetary UnionFinance > Monetary economics > Exchange policy Single exchange-rate policy Concept of Single exchange-rate policy See the dictionary definition of Single exchange-rate policy. [...]...
69. INTERNATIONAL MONETARY SYSTEM Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance International Public Finance...
70. Standards for Market Actors This section provides an overview of standards for market actors within the legal context of Financial Regulation in international economic law, with coverage of Monetary and Financial Regulation (Main Regulatory Areas). Resources Further Reading Rashid Bahar, "Standards for Market [...]...
71. Rediscounting Hierarchical Display of Rediscounting Finance > Financial institutions and credit > Credit policyFinance > Monetary economics > Exchange policy > Foreign exchange market > Open market Concept of Rediscounting See the dictionary definition of Rediscounting. Characteristics of Rediscounting [...]...
72. Support Mechanism Hierarchical Display of Support mechanism European Union > EU finance > EU financing > EU financial instrumentFinance > Monetary relations > Balance of paymentsFinance > Monetary relations > Monetary relations > Currency area > Euro area > European Stability MechanismFinance > [...]...
73. Exchange Rates Multiple Exchange Rates (also known as Differential Exchange Rates) and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Multiple Exchange Rates (also known as Differential Exchange Rates): [...]...
74. Currency Adjustment Hierarchical Display of Currency adjustment Finance > Monetary economics > Monetary policyFinance > Monetary relations > Balance of payments Currency adjustment Concept of Currency adjustment See the dictionary definition of Currency adjustment. Characteristics of Currency adjustment [rtbs [...]...
75. Exchange Control The system by which a government regulates possession of and dealings in foreign exchange. The principal objective of exchange control is to allocate foreign exchange to necessary imports and expenditures. Normally, the finance ministry or central bank is invested with the authority to issue [...]...
76. Price Formation Hierarchical Display of Price formation Finance > Prices > Prices policyTrade > Trade > Supply and demandFinance > Prices > Market pricesBusiness And Competition > Competition > Competition policy > Competition Price formation Concept of Price formation See the dictionary [...]...
77. Eurobond Summary of Eurobond A bond or similar debt instrument issued by a government or a firm, denominated in the currency of the country of issue and paying interest in that currency but sold abroad.(Main Author: William J. Miller) Eurobond and Europe There is an entry on eurobond in [...]...
78. Current Money Resources See Also Currency Legal tender...
79. Hot Money Short-term capital movements animated by speculation (as in response to an expected significant change in exchange rates) or to take advantage of interest rate differentials. The term is particularly relevant to funds placed overseas in accounts that may be rapidly liquidated if exchange or interest......
80. Convergence Criteria Convergence Criteria and Europe There is an entry on convergence criteria in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Convergence Criteria" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", by Rodney [...]...
81. Stability Pact Hierarchical Display of Stability pact Finance > Monetary economics > Economic and Monetary Union > Coordination of EMU policiesFinance > Monetary economics > Money market > Monetary policyFinance > Public finance and budget policy > Budget policy > Stability programme Stability pact [...]...
82. Inflation Concept of Inflation An introductory definition of Inflation is provided here: money is losing value relative to goods and services produced in an economy Resources See Also Foregin Policy Foreign Affairs Resources See Also Further Reading Information related to inflation in the Max [...]...
83. Money At Call Also known as call money, a demand deposit in a British bank.......
84. Cheque Hierarchical Display of Cheque Finance > Monetary economics > Money market > Money > Deposit moneyFinance > Monetary economics > Money market > Banking > Bank charges Concept of Cheque See the dictionary definition of Cheque. Characteristics of Cheque [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] Resources [...]...
85. EU Financial Instrument Hierarchical Display of EU financial instrument European Union > EU finance > EU financingEconomics > Economic policy > Economic support > EU aidAgriculture, Forestry And Fisheries > Agricultural policy > Common agricultural policy > Agri-monetary policyFinance > Monetary relations [...]...
86. Monetary Committee (EU) Hierarchical Display of Monetary Committee (EU) Finance > Monetary relations > European Monetary SystemEuropean Union > EU institutions and European civil service > EU office or agency > Committee (EU)Finance > Monetary economics > Economic and Monetary Union > Economic and Financial [...]...
87. Exchanger Exchanger ContentsExchanger in the E-Commerce LawResourcesSee AlsoBiography Exchanger in the E-Commerce Law An exchanger (also sometimes called a virtual currency ... Read more...
88. Financial Derivative Hierarchical Display of Financial derivative Finance > Free movement of capital > Financial market > Financial instrument Financial derivative Concept of Financial derivative See the dictionary definition of Financial derivative. Characteristics of Financial derivative [rtbs [...]...
89. Bank Charges Hierarchical Display of Bank charges Finance > Financial institutions and credit > BankingFinance > Monetary economics > Money market > Money > Deposit money > Cheque Bank charges Concept of Bank charges See the dictionary definition of Bank charges. Characteristics of Bank charges [rtbs [...]...
90. Deflation Summary of Deflation A decline in the general level of prices, attributable to excessive savings or other factors that have reduced consumption relative to the supply of goods available. Very often, deflation is reflected during the decline phase of the business cycle. There has been no [...]...
91. Market Power Market Power and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Market Power: The ability of an individual firm to exert control over prices prevailing in the markets for its products or services. The highest [...]...
92. Standard Money Units of exchange created by lawful authority, i.e., legal tender.......
93. Devaluation Summary of Devaluation The official reduction of the value of a nation's money in relation to a standard (usually gold), special drawing rights, or the U.S. dollar. Inasmuch as all currencies are ultimately valued in terms of some standard, devaluation results in the conscious increase [...]...
94. Single Market Summary of Single Market A component feature of the Common Agricultural policy (read this and related legal terms for further details) of the European Economic Community.(Main Author: William J. Miller) Single Market and Europe There is an entry on single market in the European [...]...
95. Grey Market Grey Market in International Trade Meaning of Grey Market, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A situation that consists of unauthorized traders buying and selling a company's product in different countries. Companies confronted with a grey situation can [...]...
96. Monetary Crisis Hierarchical Display of Monetary crisis Finance > Monetary relations > International finance Monetary crisis Concept of Monetary crisis See the dictionary definition of Monetary crisis. Characteristics of Monetary crisis [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] Resources Translation of Monetary crisis [...]...
97. Euribor Hierarchical Display of Euribor Finance > Monetary relations > Monetary relations > Currency area > Euro areaFinance > Monetary relations > Monetary relations > Economic and Monetary Union > European System of Central Banks Concept of Euribor See the dictionary definition of Euribor. [...]...
98. Open Market Operations A principal vehicle of the Federal Reserve system in expanding or contracting bank reserves. The Federal Open Market Committee, consisting of the entire Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve system, plus representatives of five of the twelve regional Federal Reserve banks (the New York Federal R......
99. Credit Spanish Translation of credit This is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to credit and / or a definition of this topic: Haber (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry). Spanish Translation of credit This is the legal translation of English to Spanish in [...]...
100. Economic Relations Resources See Also Further Reading Information related to economic relations in the Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law(MPEPIL), Germany, United Kingdom...
101. Economic Union Summary of Economic Union Also known as an economic community, an advanced form of economic integration on the part of several states. The economic union incorporates the features of a Common market (read this and related legal terms for further details)—unrestricted free trade among [...]...
102. Market Stabilization Resources See Also Trade Market White Market Financial Market Trade Law Competition Law...
103. Market Study Resources See Also Trade Market White Market Financial Market Trade Law Competition Law...
104. Negotiable Instrument Negotiable Instrument in International Trade Meaning of Negotiable Instrument, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A written document that can be used to transfer the rights embodied in it by mere delivery (in the case of instruments made out to bearer) or [...]...
105. Dispatch Money Dispatch Money in International Trade Meaning of Dispatch Money, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): An incentive payment offered by a shipowner or a charterer in exchange for completing loading or unloading in less time than is specified in the charter [...]...
106. International Finance Hierarchical Display of International finance Finance > Monetary relationsFinance > Free movement of capital > Free movement of capital > Capital movementEconomics > Economic structure > Economy > World economyInternational Relations > International affairs > International affairs [...]...
107. Money Control Money, Control From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Money, Control (1): Money raised by a Catholic congregation for the purpose of building a church does not come under the absolute control of the bishop or priest, although put into the hands of the latter for safe [...]...
108. Black Market Black Market Definition Black Market is the term designating the illicit sale of commodities in violation of government rationing and price-fixing. The term originated in Europe during World War I, when the introduction of rationing in belligerent countries tempted some persons with access [...]...
109. Future Contract Future Contract in International Trade Meaning of Future Contract, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A contract for the future of delivery of a commodity, currency or security on a specific date. Currency future contracts are for standard quantities over [...]...
110. Withdrawal From the Market Hierarchical Display of Withdrawal from the market Trade > Trade policy > Trade policy > Market intervention > Market supportTrade > Trade policy > Trade policy > Farm prices > Withdrawal price Withdrawal from the market Concept of Withdrawal from the market See the dictionary definition [...]...
111. European Monetary System Summary of European Monetary System A mechanism established by the European Communities to mitigate exchange rate fluctuations among the members and establish a zone of "monetary stability in Europe."The EMS is, in part, a fulfillment of the 1970 Werner Report (read this and [...]...
112. Forward Exchange Contract An agreement to exchange, at a specified future date, a fixed number of units of one currency for a fixed number of units of another currency. Such contracts are often procured by merchants when they must settle future accounts in a foreign currency and wish to protect against possible losses [...]...
113. Financial Stability This section provides an overview of financial stability within the legal context of Recognised Policies Protecting Domestic Policy Space in international economic law, with coverage of Protecting Domestic Policy Space (Principles). Resources Further Reading Nina Reiser, "Financial [...]...
114. Specie Money Concept of Specie Money An introductory definition of Specie Money is provided here: solid money (gold or silver, traditionally) Resources See Also Foregin Policy Foreign Affairs...
115. Complementarity Agreement Hierarchical Display of Complementarity agreement International Relations > Cooperation policy > Cooperation policy > Industrial cooperation Complementarity agreement Concept of Complementarity agreement See the dictionary definition of Complementarity agreement. Characteristics of [...]...
116. Representative Rate Hierarchical Display of Representative rate Agriculture, Forestry And Fisheries > Agricultural policy > Common agricultural policy > Agri-monetary policyFinance > Monetary economics > Exchange policy > Exchange rateFinance > Monetary relations > European Monetary System Representative [...]...
117. Floating Rate Hierarchical Display of Floating rate Finance > Monetary economics > Exchange policy > Exchange rate Floating rate Concept of Floating rate See the dictionary definition of Floating rate. Characteristics of Floating rate [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] Resources Translation of Floating rate [...]...
118. Reserve Currency Summary of Reserve Currency The currency of a major trading national, widely accepted in international transactions and regarded as stable, that is held by the central banks or monetary authorities of other nations as a form of collateral for their own currency. The use of reserve [...]...
119. Regulation of Transactions Hierarchical Display of Regulation of transactions Trade > Trade policy > Trade policyFinance > Monetary relations > Balance of paymentsFinance > Free movement of capital > Financial market > Financial transaction Regulation of transactions Concept of Regulation of transactions See the [...]...
120. Yo-Yo Effect A condition that arises under the rules of Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 8 (read this and related legal terms for further details) when a foreign company's total monetary assets differ from its t......