Related Entries of the International Encyclopedia:

1. Less-Developed Countries Less-Developed Countries Less-Developed Countries (LDCs) and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Less-Developed Countries (LDCs): An alternative term for developing countries. [...]...
2. Track Track I and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Track I: Designation for consolidated negotiating activities in the final phase of the Uruguay Roundconcerning market access in goods....
3. Trade Negotiations Committee Trade Negotiations Committee (TNC) in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Trade Negotiations Committee (TNC): The steering group established at the outset of the GA 1TUruguay Round (Sec. I) to [...]...
4. Tariff Rates Column 2 Rates and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Column 2 Rates: US tariff rates assessed on imports from countries not receiving most- favored-nationtreatment. Most [...]...
5. Market Access Negotiations Market Access Negotiations and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Market Access Negotiations: In the context of the Uruguay Round as well as bilateral trade negotiations, [...]...
6. Multilateral Trade Organization Multilateral Trade Organization (MTO) in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Multilateral Trade Organization (MTO): A proposed organization that would subsume the GAIT,the General Agreement on [...]...
7. GATT Standing Committee GATT Standing Committee and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of GATT Standing Committee: A permanent body of GATT members dealing with a specific area of trade policy. Includes [...]...
8. Rebalancing Rebalancing and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Rebalancing: A term used in GATT agriculture negotiations, referring to the ability to shift import protection from one [...]...
9. Plurilateral Plurilateral and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Plurilateral: In GATT parlance, refers to a consultation or negotiating session involving more than two countries [...]...
10. Standstill Standstill and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Standstill: A commitment undertaken at the outset of a GATT negotiation to refrain .from legislating or implementing new [...]...
11. Service Mark Service Mark and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Service Mark: A distinctive mark used in the sale or advising of services to distinguish them from the services of others. [...]...
12. Green Round Green Round and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Green Round: A term referring to a proposed new GATT Round of multilateral negotiations that would address environmental [...]...
13. De Facto Membership De Facto Member of GATT and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of De Facto Member of GATT: A former dependency of a GATT member that since attaining independence has applied the [...]...
14. Entities Entities and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Entities: In the context of the GATT Government Procurement Code, refers to government departments or ministries and their [...]...
15. Forum Shopping Forum Shopping and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Forum Shopping: Refers to the ability of countries to take advantage of differing procedures fordispute settlement under [...]...
16. Framework Initiative Framework Initiative and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Framework Initiative: (Also known as the New Economic Partnership). An initiative launched by the United States in [...]...
17. Negotiations Item-by-Item Negotiations and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Item-by-Item Negotiations: A method of tariff negotiations in which the expected trade effects of each [...]...
18. Disciplines Disciplines and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Disciplines: In GATT parlance, refers to members' substantive obligations undertaken by members to refrain from [...]...
19. Annecy Round Annecy Round and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Annecy Round: The second GATT Round of multilateral trade negotiations, held in...
20. Rollback Rollback and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Rollback: A commitment to phase out all trade restrictions or policies that distort trade or bring them into conformity with [...]...
21. Normal Value Normal Value and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Normal Value: An alternative term for fair value....
22. Functioning of the GATT System Functioning of the GATT System (FOGS) and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Functioning of the GATT System (FOGS): Designation for a negotiating group in the Uruguay Round [...]...
23. South-South Trade South-South Trade and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of South-South Trade: In the parlance of the 1970s and 1980s, refers to trade among developing countries ("the [...]...
24. Customs Value Customs Value and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Customs Value: A method of valuing imported goods which excludes shipping costs from the final price....
25. Assimilation Assimilation and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Assimilation: A term referring to national treatment in the protection of industrial property. SeeParis Convention....
26. Procedural Protectionism Procedural Protectionism and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Procedural Protectionism: Abusive administration of import control procedures allowed under GATT (especially [...]...
27. Nontariff Measures Nontariff Measures (NTMs) and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Nontariff Measures (NTMs): A broader term than NTBs, including not only import-restricting barriers but also [...]...
28. Concessions Schedule of Concessions and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Schedule of Concessions: A list of import duties applicable to specific goods which a GATT Contracting Party [...]...
29. Sherpa Sherpa and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Sherpa: An official of sub-cabinet rank from each of the major industrial countries responsible for coordinating his or her [...]...
30. Snapback Snapback and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Snapback: Provisions in a trade agreement that allow a signatory to temporarily rescind concessions under specified [...]...
31. Surveillance Body Surveillance Body and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Surveillance Body: A body created at the outset of the Uruguay Round to monitor participating countries' trade [...]...
32. North-South Trade North-South Trade and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of North-South Trade: In the parlance of the 1970s and 1980s, trade between the developed market economies ("the [...]...
33. Degressivity Degressivity and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Degressivity: The characteristic of a trade restriction, which diminishes in severity over time. A degressive measure could [...]...
34. Demarche Demarche and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Demarche: A formal diplomatic communication of a country's position on an issue, presented to an official representative of [...]...
35. Protocol of Accession Protocol of Accession and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Protocol of Accession: A legal document that recognizes the rights and obligations agreed to as a consequence of a [...]...
36. Administrative Review Administrative Review and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Administrative Review: In unfair trade cases, a mechanism for parties to a case to appeal a ruling on [...]...
37. Notification Notification and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Notification: In the context of GATT, refers to the procedure of informing the GATT Secretariat of a change in a [...]...
38. Grandfather Clause Grandfather Clause and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Grandfather Clause: A provision in the GATT and other trade agreements permitting signatories to retain domestic [...]...
39. Green Box Green Box and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Green Box: A term used in the context of GA TT negotiations on agriculture and on export subsidiesto refer to a category of [...]...
40. Cross-Retaliation Cross-Retaliation and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Cross-Retaliation: Retaliation in one sector of trade, such as agriculture, to counter unfair actions or violations of [...]...
41. Structural Impediments Initiative Structural Impediments Initiative (SII) and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Structural Impediments Initiative (SII): A series of bilateral negotiations begun in 1989 by the [...]...
42. Authors' Rights Authors' Rights and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Authors' Rights: A term used primarily in Latin American countries to refer to copyrights....
43. Import Sensitivity Import Sensitivity and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Import Sensitivity: The vulnerability of a domestic industry to injury from foreign competition. See also sensitive [...]...
44. Economic Summit Economic Summit and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Economic Summit: Although the term can be used more generally, its most prominent use is in referring to the annual [...]...
45. Working Party Working Party and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Working Party: An ad hoc subgroup established by the GATT Council to address a specific trade policy issue, such as a [...]...
46. Quadrilateral Quadrilateral ("Quad") and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Quadrilateral ("Quad"): In GATT parlance, a meeting involving senior trade officials or [...]...
47. Non-application Non-application and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Non-application: In the context of Uruguay Round discussions of a proposed Multilateral Trade Organization, refers to a [...]...
48. GATT Round GATT Round and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of GATT Round: A cycle of multilateral trade negotiations conducted under the auspices of the GATT. Each Round has constituted a [...]...
49. User Fee User Fee and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of User Fee: A fee for a service --such as the provision of customs operations by the government of the importing country [...]...
50. Duty Suspension Duty Suspension and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Duty Suspension: A temporary , unilateral reduction in tariffs. Duties are sometimes suspended to ease shortages of [...]...
51. Delegations Seven-Plus-Seven and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Seven-Plus-Seven: An informal meeting of GATT delegations from industrial and developing countries (originally seven of [...]...
52. Protocol Relating to Trade Negotiations Among Developing Countries Protocol Relating to Trade Negotiations Among Developing Countries and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Protocol Relating to Trade Negotiations Among Developing Countries: [...]...
53. Rectifications Rectifications and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Rectifications: Changes made in a country's schedule of GATT concessions, usually .involving correction of errors but [...]...
54. Road Taxes Road Taxes and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Road Taxes: Excise taxes imposed on the sale or operation of motor vehicles, which have the effect of discriminating in favor [...]...
55. Customs Harmonization Customs Harmonization and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Customs Harmonization: Intemational efforts to increase the uniformity of customs procedures such as valuation, [...]...
56. Decoupling Decoupling and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Decoupling: A concept aimed at making government agricultural programs trade-neutral - by breaking the link between [...]...
57. Framework Agreement Framework Agreement and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Framework Agreement: A package of agreements negotiated during the Tokyo Round, dealing with (a) differential and [...]...
58. Preliminary Duties Preliminary Duties and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Preliminary Duties: Duties imposed on a provisional basis during the course of an antidumpinginvestigation, following [...]...
59. Protocol of Provisional Application Protocol of Provisional Application and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Protocol of Provisional Application: The legal device that enabled the original Contracting Parties [...]...
60. Counterfeit Code Counterfeit Code and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Counterfeit Code: A draft agreement, initiated in the closing stages of the Tokyo Round but never concluded, which [...]...
61. State Trading Nations State Trading Nations and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of State Trading Nations: Countries that rely on government entities instead of private corporations to conduct their [...]...
62. Threshold Value Threshold Value and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Threshold Value: The monetary value of contracts above which government entities are covered by the Government [...]...
63. Tariff Anomaly Tariff Anomaly and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Tariff Anomaly: A situation in which the tariff on raw materials or semi-manufactured goods is higher than the tariff on [...]...
64. Working Requirement Working Requirement and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Working Requirement: A term associated with the lapse of intellectual property protection --or the granting of [...]...
65. Green Room Consultations Green Room Consultations and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Green Room Consultations: Informal meetings of heads of delegations to the GATT Uruguay Roundnegotiations. Such [...]...
66. Residual Restrictions Residual Restrictions and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Residual Restrictions: Quantitative restrictions maintained since before 1947 by governments that were original [...]...
67. Eco-packaging Eco-packaging and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Eco-packaging: Refers to national regulations and programs to encourage recycling or reuse of product packaging and [...]...
68. Havana Charter Detais can be found in General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade).......
69. Environmental Dumping Environmental Dumping and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Environmental Dumping: Refers to an unfair trade practice whereby an exporter achieves a cost advantage over its [...]...
70. Reverse Preferences Reverse Preferences and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Reverse Preferences: Tariff advantages once offered by LDCs to imports from certain industrial countries that have [...]...
71. Environmental Trade Measures Environmental Trade Measures and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Environmental Trade Measures: Trade measures applied by importing or exporting countries in conjunction [...]...
72. Trade-Related Investment Measures Trade-Related Investment Measures (TRIMs) and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Trade-Related Investment Measures (TRIMs): Designation for a Uruguay Round "' [...]...
73. State Trading Enterprises State Trading Enterprises and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of State Trading Enterprises: Entities established by governments to import, export, or produce certain products. [...]...
74. Bound Rates Bound Rates and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Bound Rates: Most favored-nation tariff rates resulting from GATT negotiations and thereafter incorporated as integral [...]...
75. Horizontal Reduction Horizontal Reduction and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Horizontal Reduction: Negotiated cuts in tariff rates by the same percentage for all parties to an agreement. Also [...]...
76. Global Quotas Global Quotas and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Global Quotas: Explicit limits set by a country on the overall value or quantity of goods, which may be imported from or [...]...
77. Ad Referendum Definition of Ad ReferendumIn accordance with the work A Dictionary of Law, this is a description of Ad Referendum : (Latin: to be further considered) Denoting a contract that has been signed although minor points remain to be decided....
78. Computed Value Computed Value and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Computed Value: (Not to be confused with constructed value.) An alternative method permitted by the Customs Valuation [...]...
79. Note Verbale Note Verbale and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Note Verbale: A formal diplomatic communication delivered orally to an official representative of another country. The [...]...
80. Call Call and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Call: A request by an importing country for consultations with an exporting country concerning products whose shipments during a [...]...
81. Swing Swing and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Swing: In international textile agreements, refers to the shift of allowable imports from a filled quota to an under-filled quota. [...]...
82. Geneva Rounds Geneva Rounds and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Geneva Rounds: The first and fourth GATT Round of multilateral trade negotiations, held in Geneva, Switzerland. The [...]...
83. Customs Procedures Customs and Administrative Entry Procedures and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Customs and Administrative Entry Procedures: Formalities applying to customs clearance of [...]...
84. Consumer Subsidy Equivalent Consumer Subsidy Equivalent (CSE) and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Consumer Subsidy Equivalent (CSE): The percentage by which consumer prices on an item are affected by [...]...
85. Producer Subsidy Equivalent Producer Subsidy Equivalent (PSE) and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Producer Subsidy Equivalent (PSE): The share of a producer's total revenue that is attributable to [...]...
86. Reverse Consensus Reverse Consensus and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Reverse Consensus: A proposed modification of the GATT dispute settlement procedures establishing the principle that [...]...
87. Basic Instruments BISD (Basic Instruments and Selected Documents) and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of BISD (Basic Instruments and Selected Documents): A series of documents, updated at [...]...
88. Upstream Subsidization Upstream Subsidization and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Upstream Subsidization: An "indirect export subsidy," whereby a producer benefiting from a government [...]...
89. Tariffication Tariffication and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Tariffication: Conversion of a quota or other nontariff barrier (NTB) to a tariff providing an equivalent amount of [...]...
90. Appellations of Origin Appellations of Origin and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Appellations of Origin: (Also referred to as "geographic indications of origin.") The name of a [...]...
91. Pipeline Protection Pipeline Protection and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Pipeline Protection: In international negotiations on protection of intellectual property rights, refers to the [...]...
92. Customs Trade Regulations Law of Similars and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Law of Similars: Regulations limiting importation of a product or altering its tariff treatment if a "similar" [...]...
93. Compound Tariff Compound Tariff and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Compound Tariff: A combination of a specific duty and an ad valorem tariff on the same imported item (e.g., $100 per [...]...
94. GATT Codes GATT Codes and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of GATT Codes: Agreements negotiated under GATT auspices to remove or lessen the trade-distorting effects of nontariff measures [...]...
95. Torquay Round Detais can be found in General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade).......
96. Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Protection Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Protection (TRIPs) and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Protection (TRIPs): [...]...
97. Sensitive Products Sensitive Products and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Sensitive Products: Goods produced by a domestic industry employing large numbers of workers, for which the costs of [...]...
98. Negotiating Group Negotiating Group and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Negotiating Group: A group of country delegates in a GATT Round charged with planning and managing multilateral [...]...
99. Specific Limitations on Trade Specific Limitations on Trade and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Specific Limitations on Trade: Measures that limit imports or exports of a product during a specified [...]...
100. Shiping Transshipment and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Transshipment: Shipping goods through one country to another country in order to conceal the true country of origin. [...]...
101. Tokyo Declaration The pronouncement of a 1973 gathering in Tokyo of foreign, finance, and trade ministers of the major industrial nations, meeting to discuss economic and trade problems. The joint communique issued by the ministers called for increased trade through the elimination of tariff and nontariff [...]...
102. Millennium Declaration Embracing mainstream international law, this section on millennium declaration explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "millennium declaration" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International [...]...
103. Punta Del Este Declaration Punta del Este Declaration and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Punta del Este Declaration: A declaration adopted by trade ministers of GATT member countries in September [...]...
104. Atr Declaration Definition of Atr Declaration in International Trade The following is a concept of Atr Declaration in the context of international trade law, from the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Exporters of the European Union with customers in Turkey require on ATR1 declaration [...]...
105. Montevideo Declaration on the Law of the Sea Embracing mainstream international law, this section on montevideo declaration on the law of the sea explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "montevideo declaration on the law of the sea" in the Parry and [...]...
106. Moscow Declaration Embracing mainstream international law, this section on moscow declaration explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "moscow declaration" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law [...]...
107. Declaration Introduction to Declaration Declaration, in law, an unsworn statement made by a party to a transaction or by one who has an interest in the facts recounted in the declaration." (1) Universal Declaration of Human Rights (udhr) in Election Law The UDHR was adopted by the UN General Assembly [...]...
108. Rio Declaration Embracing mainstream international law, this section on rio declaration explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "rio declaration" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law [...]...
109. Declaration of War Embracing mainstream international law, this section on declaration of war explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "war, declaration of" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law [...]...
110. UN Declaration Resources See Also International Organization Foreign Relations Organization United Nations United Nations System...
111. Declaration of war Part 1 Contents Declaration of war Part 1   1 INDIGENOUS CHILDREN’S RIGHTS – INTERNATIONAL LAW, SELF-DETERMINATION AND INTERCOUNTRY ADOPTION IN GUATEMALA ... Read more...
112. Declaration of war Part 2 Contents Declaration of war Part 2   5 “Freiburg Lawyers’ Declaration”of 10 February 2003 On German Participation In A War ... Read more...
113. New Delhi Declaration A pronouncement, incorporating an action plan, articulated by developing nations at a 1980 New Delhi conference of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO). The 1980 declaration reiterated the goal defined in the 1975 Lima Declaration i.e., that developing countries would cont......
114. Declaration of London Resources See Also International Law; World War I study by N. Bentwich (1911). Further Reading (Books) International Naval Conference. The Declaration of London, February 26, 1909: A Collection of Official Papers and Documents Relating to the International Naval Confer......
115. Dying Declaration Introduction to Dying DeclarationDying Declaration, statement as to the cause of his death or her death, made by a person who has been physically injured at the hands of another, and who has given up all hope of recovery and who subsequently dies of such injury. In law, such statements are ......
116. Declaration of Paris Declaration of Paris, a statement of principles of international law adopted at the conclusion (16th of April 1856) of the negotiations for the treaty of Paris at the suggestion of Count Walewski, the French plenipotentiary. The declaration set out that maritime law in time of war had long [...]...
117. Kiruna Declaration Kiruna Declaration and "vision for the Arctic" Statement in 2013 United States views on international law [1] in relation to Kiruna Declaration and "vision for the Arctic" Statement: Also on May 15, 2013 at the Arctic Council ministerial, representatives of the Arctic [...]...
118. Un Declaration on the Right to Peace Working Group on a Draft UN Declaration on the Right to Peace in 2013 United States views on international law [1] in relation to Working Group on a Draft UN Declaration on the Right to Peace: (As reviewed in this legal encyclopedia in relation to international law issues in the year 2012) [...]...
119. Balfour Declaration Embracing mainstream international law, this section on balfour declaration explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "balfour declaration" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law [...]...
120. Bogotá Declaration Embracing mainstream international law, this section on bogotá declaration explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "bogotá declaration" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law [...]...