Related Entries of the International Encyclopedia:

1. Madrid Agreement Concerning The International Registration Of Marks An international agreement under which the owner of a trademark or service mark can secure protection for his mark in all the states adhering to the convention by means of a single application. To enjoy protection under the convention, the applicant must be a national or resident of, or have a plac......
2. Madrid Agreement Madrid Agreement and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Madrid Agreement: Formal name is the Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks. An [...]...
3. UNIDROIT Conventions UNIDROIT International Agreements and Conventions UNIDROIT Main Treaties and Conventions This includes: UNIDROIT Convention on Substantive Rules for Intermediated Securities ... Read more...
4. International Commercial Law Contents International Commercial law See also Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods, Treaty, Legislation: United Nations Convention ... Read more...
5. Trade and Commercial Relations conventions Contents Trade and Commercial Relations international conventions Trade and Commercial Relations multilateral conventions General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (1947) ... Read more...
6. Confidentiality Agreement Confidentiality Agreement in International Trade Meaning of Confidentiality Agreement, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A type of contract used to protect sensitive technical or commercial information from disclosure to others. Such agreement is often [...]...
7. Bilateral Trade Agreement Bilateral Trade Agreement in International Trade Meaning of Bilateral Trade Agreement, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A formal agreement involving commerce between two countries. Such agreements sometimes list the quantities of specific goods that may [...]...
8. Agreement Relating to the Implementation of Part XI of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea Contents Agreement Relating to the Implementation of Part XI of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea ... Read more...
9. Export Value Summary of Export Value The price at which a foreign manufacturer customarily freely offers for sale a given product for export to the United States in the usual wholesale quantities, less export discounts, packing, and costs of preparing the goods for export. The use of this value [...]...
10. Agreement of Sale Description of Agreement of Sale Resources See Also Sales...
11. Free Trade Agreement Free Trade Agreement and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Free Trade Agreement: An agreement between two or more countries establishing a free trade area (FTA)....
12. Environmental Goods Agreement Contents Environmental Goods Agreement (EGA) Negotiations on the Environmental Goods Agreement (EGA) began on July 8, 2014, among the United ... Read more...
13. Wto Trade Facilitation Agreement WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement in 2013 United States views on international law [1] in relation to World Trade Organization Trade Facilitation Agreement: On December 7, 2013, the Ministerial Conference of the WTO in Bali concluded a Trade Facilitation Agreement. The text of the agreement [...]...
14. Locarno Agreement establishing an International Classification for Industrial Designs Locarno Agreement establishing an International Classification for Industrial Designs Title of the Treaty Locarno Agreement Establishing an International Classification for ... Read more...
15. Brokerage Agreement Brokerage Agreement in International Trade Meaning of Brokerage Agreement, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A type or contract, whereby a person or company acts as a sales agent on behalf of the exporting company (principal), introducing its products to [...]...
16. Original Arbitration agreement or certified copy (Article IV(1)(b)) Contents Original Arbitration agreement or certified copy (Article IV(1)(b)) This provision merely requires that the party seeking enforcement supply a ... Read more...
17. Brussels Definition Of Value A system for the valuation of imports for the application of ad valorem duties, adopted in 1953 following attempts to establish a European customs union. The European Customs Union Study Group submitted to the contracting states the Convention on the Valuation of Goods for Customs Purposes, along w......
18. Trade Agreement See information on the case Grand River Enterprises Six Nations, Ltd v United States of America. Resources See Also Trade Commercial Relations Investment Transportation North American Free Trade Agreement Investment Dispute Settlements Resources See Also International Organization [...]...
19. Multilateral Agreement Multilateral Agreement in International Trade Meaning of Multilateral Agreement, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A international agreement involving three or more parties. For example, the GATT (General Agreement o Tariffs and Trade) has been, since its [...]...
20. Multimodal Transport The movement of goods by more than one mode, or type, of transport, for example, a movement by truck to a pier, then by ship to a foreign port, and finally by rail to the customer.......
21. Vienna Convention Treaty: The Vienna Convention Introduction to Vienna Convention Rules of international law governing the conclusion, validity, effects, interpretation, modification, suspension, and termination of treaties were codified in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, adopted in 1969......
22. Trademark License Agreement Trademark License Agreement in International Trade Meaning of Trademark License Agreement, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): In a Trademark licence agreement the proprietor (Licensor) of a registered trademark gives authorization to another company [...]...
23. Trade in Services Agreement The Trade in Services Agreement (TiSA) This section provides an overview of the trade in services agreement (tisa) within the legal context of Preferential Trade in Services Agreements in international economic law, with coverage of Trades in Services and Specific Sectors (Main Regulatory [...]...
24. Agreement on Agriculture Agreement on Agriculture and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Agreement on Agriculture provided by the European Union Commission: The Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture (URAA) concluded in 1994 brought agricultural trade more fully under international trade rules and [...]...
25. Madrid Union Madrid Union and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Madrid Union: Formal name is the Madrid Agreement for the Repression of False or Deceptive Indications of Source on Goods. [...]...
26. Commission Sales Agreement Commission Sales Agreement in International Trade Meaning of Commission Sales Agreement, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A type or contract, whereby a person or company acts as a sales agent on behalf of the exporting company (principal), introducing its [...]...
27. EU-Andean Community Political Dialogue and Co-operation Agreement EU-Andean Community Political Dialogue and Co-operation Agreement Contents Title of Treaty Political Dialogue and Co-operation Agreement between the European Community ... Read more...
28. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade Part 2 Contents General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade Part 2   11 The United States/European Communities Biotech Products Case: Opportunity for ... Read more...
29. International Contracts International Contracts in International Trade Meaning of International Contracts, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): International contracts refers to a legally binding agreement between parties, based in different countries, in which they are obligated to [...]...
30. International organizations articles of conventions Contents International Organizations articles of conventions Agreement Establishing the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development 29.5.1990 Convention Establishing the Multilateral ... Read more...
31. Vendor Agreement Vendor Agreement in International Trade Meaning of Vendor Agreement, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A vendor agreement is a legal agreement that clearly states the provisions and conditions of the work to be performed by a contractor. The key points to [...]...
32. Agreement Relating to the Implementation of Part XI of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 5 Contents Agreement Relating to the Implementation of Part XI of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea ... Read more...
33. Counterpurchase A form of countertrade (read this and related legal terms for further details) in which two parties agree to purchase specified quantities of merchandise from each other at a fixed price. The effect is that each party si......
34. United Nations Commission on International Trade Law United Nations Commission On International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) United Nations Commission on International Trade Law Outline The United Nations Commission on International Trade Law was set up in 1966 by the General Assembly of the United Nations to deal with conflicts of national laws [...]...
35. Agreement on Textiles and Clothing Agreement on Textiles and Clothing – ATC and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Agreement on Textiles and Clothing – ATC provided by the European Union Commission: The Agreement on Textiles and Clothing (ATC) is a WTO agreement, which foresees that trade in textiles [...]...
36. Association Agreement Stabilisation and association agreement and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Stabilisation and association agreement provided by the European Union Commission: A bilateral agreement, which establishes a single basis for assisting a country. Each EU candidate country has such [...]...
37. Deceptive Trade Practices Deceptive Trade Practices Contents of Deceptive Trade Practices Contents of this subject matter include: This topic examines deceptive trade practices law in a number of jurisdictions through the operation of the consumer protection provisions of the national consumer law. The topics which [...]...
38. Material Source of International Law Material Source (of International Law) Embracing mainstream international law, this section on material source (of international law) explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "material source (of international [...]...
39. Malta Agreement Adoption by certain governments of air carrier liability limitations as expressed in the Montreal Intercarrier Agreement. See Warsaw Convention.......
40. False Arrest False Arrest and Imprisonment Introduction to False Arrest False Arrest and Imprisonment, unlawful or unjustifiable seizure and custody of a person." (1) Description of False Arrest Resources See Also False Imprisonment Resources Notes and References Information about False Arrest in the [...]...
41. False Imprisonment Kinds of Torts: Intentional Torts False ImprisonmentIntroduction to False ImprisonmentIn this tort, a person unlawfully restrains another person against that person's will. The restrained party must have no reasonable, known means of escape and must be aware of the imprisonment......
42. False Statement Introduction to False Statement False Statement, something that is presented as being true but is actually false." (1) Resources Notes and References Information about "https://lawin.org/encarta-encyclopedia/" title="Microsoft Encarta Online Ency......
43. False Statements Admissions, False Statements From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Admissions, False Statements (1): Admissions or statements made to a clergyman not in his capacity of confidential adviser or in the course of discipline, are not privileged.398 Neither are false statements [...]...
44. Bonded Goods Goods stored in a bonded warehouse prior to release from customs jurisdiction.......
45. Complementary Goods Products so related that a change in the demand for one similarly affects demand for the other; e.g., increased consumption of automobiles will normally increase consumption for gasoline, all things being equal.......
46. Fungible Goods Goods of a given type or class, any unit of which is interchangeable with any other unit and would be equally acceptable in settling obligations denominated in terms of the commodity. For example, corn is fungible in that one bushel of corn of a given grade is interchangeable on an equal footing wit......
47. Intermediate Goods Synonymous with Intermediate Products (read this and related legal terms for further details).......
48. Nondurable Goods Products, usually consumer items, that have a short useful life. In the United States the criterion is a life of three years or less. Such items are usually purchased as needed.......
49. American Goods Returned A provision, contained in Item 800.00, of the Tariff Schedules of the United States that permits duty-free return of merchandise of American manufacture. In order to qualify for duty-free return, the goods must not have been manipulated or advanced in value, except for the packaging of the product.......
50. Balance On Goods And Services A component of a nation's BALANCE OF PAYMENTS (read this legal term for further details)......
51. Transaction Value Of Similar Goods Sold An alternative method of valuing goods for customs purposes under the Customs Valuation Agreement (read this and related legal terms for further details).......
52. Tax Deducted at Source Other Popular Tax Definitions in the World Legal Encyclopedia Adjusted Gross Income (sometimes, including Tax Deducted at Source) ...
53. Primary Source Primary source in Law LibrariesThe follow definition of Primary source is of use in law library research: Primary sources are those records generated by a particular event or time period, by those who participated in or witnessed it. Primary sources contain original information and are usually [...]...
54. Secondary Source Secondary source in Law LibrariesThe follow definition of Secondary source is of use in law library research: Secondary sources are those records generated by an event but written by non-participants or witnesses of the event. Secondary sources are based on or derived from primary sources but [...]...
55. Source and Scope Source and Scope in U.S. Constitutional Law A list of entries related to Source and Scope may be found, under the Source and Scope subject group, in the United States constitutional law platform of the American legal encyclopedia....
56. Water Source Population Not Using Improved Water Source (in the Human Development Area) In this context, Population Not Using Improved Water Source means: _alculated as 100 minus the percentage of the population using an improved water source. Unimproved sources include vendors, bottled water, tanker [...]...
57. Formal Source of Law Formal Source (of International Law) Embracing mainstream international law, this section on formal source (of international law) explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "formal source (of international law)" [...]...
58. Information Source Resources See Also Further Reading Information related to information source in the Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law(MPEPIL), Germany, United Kingdom...
59. Energy Source Resources See Also Forestry Natural Resources Forest Law...
60. Open Source Software Many companies use open source software in their products and services. And some companies "regularly contribute software source code to open source projects under open source licenses or release internal software projects under open source licenses .... The terms of many open source [...]...
61. Open-Source Code Open-Source Code Software Clauses and the Electronic Commerce Open-Source Code Software Clauses in the Online Business Law Resources See Also PPC Advertising Social Networking Online Business Law Internet Law Spam Startups Internet Tax Crossborder Commerce Technology Law Terms of Use ...
62. False Pretenses Criminal Law: Crimes Against Property False PretensesIntroduction to False PretensesTheft by false pretenses occurs when a person obtains title to the property of another by knowingly making false representations, either spoken or written, with the intent to defraud the victim. The......
63. False Answer Description of False Answer Resources See Also Sham Pleading Under Pleading Federal Civil Procedure Pleading...
64. Carriage Of Goods By Sea Act Carriage Of Goods By Sea Act Summary of Carriage Of Goods By Sea Act Known commonly by the acronym COGSA, the principal U.S. statute governing carrier liabilities and immunities for loss and damage arising during the transport of goods by water in the foreign commerce of the United States. [...]...
65. Substitute Goods Products related in such a way that an increased demand for one will be reflected by a decreased demand for the other.......
66. Entry of Goods Entry of Goods and the Laws of International Trade Entry of goods: Overview Customs Trade Law The entry process Evidence of right to make entry Entry for consumption Entry documents Surety Entry summary documentation Electronic entry: Automated Commercial [...]...
67. Carriage of Goods by Sea Comparative Overview International Overview The Hague Rules, 1924 Bills of Lading Convention, Brussels, 25 August 1924), entered into force 2 June 1931. The Visby Rules, (1968 Protocol to Amend the Bills of Lading Convention, Brussels, 23 February 1968), entered into force 23 June 1977, [...]...
68. LLSDC's Legislative Source Book – Title Index by Keyword Contents US Law Librarians’ Society of Washington’s Legislative Source Book – Title Index by Keyword Administrative law : Brief Federal ... Read more...
69. Goods In Free Circulation Merchandise not subject to customs restrictions. These goods would include locally produced (i.e., not imported) merchandise and goods that have been cleared by customs and upon which all duties and taxes have been paid.......
70. Outline of International trading of goods agreements Contents Outline of International trading of goods agreements Introduction I. Factors to Consider-how are international commercial transactions different from domestic ... Read more...
71. Free Ships/free Goods A position asserted by certain authorities in international law that all cargo carried aboard a neutral vessel is exempt from seizure by belligerents in time of war. This view conflicts with a more widely held attitude that belligerents have a legal right to interdict munitions and supplies with war......
72. Aircraft Agreement A product of the Tokyo Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations, the Aircraft Agreement (known officially as the Agreement on Trade in Civil Aircraft) provides that sales of civil aircraft will be free of duty, effective January 1, 1980. The agreement also provides duty-free treatment for flight sim......
73. Cartagena Agreement Summary of Cartagena Agreement Considered in Andean Group.(Main Author: William J. Miller) Resources See Also International Organization Foreign Relations Intergovernmental Organization Regional Organization Regional Integration...
74. Costing Agreement An arrangement among firms in a given line of business to exchange information on production costs or to employ uniform methods of accounting. The object of the arrangement is to standardize costing practices within the industry, thereby eliminating or minimizing price competition. Agreements to exc......
75. Fifth International Tin Agreement An international commodity agreement among major tin-producing and consuming nations. Principal features of the agreement are (1) establishment of the International Tin Council in which votes are divided equally among producing and consuming nations; the council establishes agreed ceiling and floor ......
76. Rebate Agreement An agreement among firms in a given industry to standardize the amount or basis of rebates to be granted under specified conditions, thereby eliminating a competitive factor.......
77. Smithsonian Agreement A largely unsuccessful effort to revive the fixed exchange rate system established by the bretton woods agreement (read this and related legal terms for further details).......
78. Specialization Agreement Also known as a rationalization agreement, an arrangement among competing manufacturers of like products that each will sell only certain products, thereby providing each participant in the agreement a dominant position for a given product.......
79. Marrakesh Agreement Citation NotesAnnexes 1A and 4 to the Marrakesh Agreement both contain more than one agreement or understanding.It is thus necessary to include the name of the relevant agreement or understanding as a short title when referring to WTO agreements or understandings other than the Marr......
80. Manufacturing Agreement The Legal History of Manufacturing AgreementThis section provides an overview of Manufacturing Agreement ResourcesSee AlsoLegal Biography Legal Traditions Historical Laws History of Law Further Reading Manufacturing Agreement in the Oxford International Encyclopedia of Legal History (Oxford [...]...
81. Marketing Agreement Orderly Marketing Agreement (OMA) and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Orderly Marketing Agreement (OMA): A contractual agreement between two or more governments to restrain [...]...
82. Mary Carter Agreement The Florida Supreme Court defined a Mary Carter agreement as ‘a contract by which one co-defendant secretly agrees with the ... Read more...
83. Bilateral Restraint Agreement Any agreement, understanding, or program involving governmental authorities, producers, trade associations, or labor unions in one country and their counterparts in another country to control or limit trade in specified products. Generally, such agreements arise where one nation finds that [...]...
84. Bretton Woods Agreement The product of an international conference on monetary and economic affairs held at the end of World War II, from which resulted the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank; the term is used most commonly in reference to a program for world monetary affairs that emerged from the conference an......
85. Export Quota Agreement An arrangement arising under an international commodity agreement whereby each participating exporting nation is allocated a portion of the market. Participating importing nations agree to limit imports from nonmember nations. The object of the system is to maintain price stability, thus [...]...
86. International Commodity Agreement A multilateral trade agreement aimed at promoting price and supply stability as related to the production of a particular commodity. Such agreements are characterized by the adherence of the principal producing and consuming nations, and the establishment of a commission to ensure the orderly implem......
87. Voluntary Restraints Agreement Sn Bilateral Restraints Agreement.......
88. North American Free Trade Agreement North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) On January 1, 1994 the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) established a single trade zone. North American Free Trade Agreement Resources There is a great deal of research material available on this subject. The difficulty is not in [...]...
89. General Agreement on Trade in Services General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) History Geza Feketekuty argued that one "of the major achievements of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations was the negotiation of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS), the first comprehensive framework for the [...]...
90. Manufacturing License Agreement Manufacturing License Agreement in International Trade Meaning of Manufacturing License Agreement, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): This type of contract establishes a relationship between two companies, Licensor and Licensee, whereby the Licensor grants [...]...
91. Open-source Architecture of an Open-source Real-time Distributed Cyber Physical System, the Law and other Social Sciences Cyber Physical Systems are based on a number of nodes connected through a communication network, which can interact with the environment. In this chapter, a completely open-source [...]...
92. Statistical Source Resources See Also Further Reading Information related to statistical source in the Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law(MPEPIL), Germany, United Kingdom...
93. Goods Flow of Goods and Services In this global economy, the flow of goods and services across borders, otherwise known as trade, is a critical factor to the health and growth of a country’s economy. Yet many developing countries struggle with legal, institutional, and operational constraints that [...]...
94. Law and Public Goods Contents Law and Public Goods “To the extent that law embodies the contractual origins discussed above, or that law may ... Read more...
95. Collective Goods Introduction to International Political Economy The Problem of Collective GoodsScholars who study how nations achieve cooperation despite the lack of a centralized world government to enforce rules pay special attention to the collective goods problem. A collective good is any benefit enjo......
96. Carriage of Goods Definition of Carriage of Goods By AirIn accordance with the work A Dictionary of Law, this is a description of Carriage of Goods By Air : The act of carrying goods by air, which is normally under a contract between the consignor and a *carrier. International carriage has been the subject of [...]...
97. Intermingled Goods In the United States For information about Intermingled goods in the context of international trade, click here...
98. Unentered Goods In the United States For information about Unentered goods in the context of international trade, click here...
99. Dangerous Goods Dangerous Goods in International Trade Meaning of Dangerous Goods, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Articles or substances which are capable of posing a significant risk to health, safety, o property when transported by air and which are classified [...]...
100. Public Goods Global Public Good(s) (in the Human Development Area) In this context, Global Public Good(s) means: a global public good is a good that has the three following properties : 1. It is non-rivalrous. Consumption of this good by anyone does not reduce the quantity available to other agents; 2. It [...]...
101. Cession of Goods Cession of Goods Resources See Also Bankruptcy proceedings...
102. Confusion of Goods Resources See Also Commingle...
103. Hard Goods Resources See Also Durable goods...
104. Capital Goods Resources See Also Industrial Production Industrial Property Regulation...
105. Goods Transport Resources See Also International Trade Trade Regulation International Economic Law Export License International Trade Law Foreign Trade Safeguard Transport...
106. International Sale of Goods Bibliography International Sale of Goods Bibliography ABDULLAH, Abdullah Abdulkarim 2012. The Scope of the Application of the United Nations Convention on ... Read more...
107. Gray Market Goods In the United States For information about Gray market goods in the context of international trade, click here...
108. Dangerous Goods Declaration Dangerous Goods Declaration in International Trade Meaning of Dangerous Goods Declaration, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Shippers of dangerous goods are required to declare them to carriers per the International Air Transport Association (IATA) and the [...]...
109. International Sale of Goods CISG in International Trade Meaning of Cisg, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The United Nations Convention on Contract for the International Sale of Goods. known as Vienna Convention, is a 1980 international treaty signed by most leading trading nations [...]...
110. Free Movement of Goods Free Movement of Goods and Europe There is an entry on free movement of goods in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Free Movement of Goods" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", by [...]...
111. Different Functions in Goods and Services This section provides an overview of different functions in goods and services within the legal context of National Treatment in international economic law, with coverage of Non-Discrimination in Trade of Goods and Services (Principles). Resources Further Reading Nicolas F Diebold, [...]...
112. Non-Discrimination in Trade of Goods Non-Discrimination in Trade of Goods and Services This section provides an overview of non-discrimination in trade of goods and services within the legal context of Non-Discrimination in Trade of Goods and Services in international economic law (Principles)....
113. Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods Contents United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods   Article 95 Any State may declare at ... Read more...
114. Acceptable Identification of Goods and Services Manual Description of Acceptable Identification of Goods and Services Manual In this reference work, acceptable identification of goods and services manual is a sort of the Trademarks category. Resources See Also Trademarks Trademarks...
115. United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods Contents United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods Legal Materials The text of the CISG is ... Read more...
116. United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods 2 Contents United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods   Article 18 (1) A statement made by ... Read more...
117. United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods 3 Contents United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods   Article 32 (1) If the seller, in ... Read more...
118. United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods 4 Contents United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods   Article 43 (1) The buyer loses the ... Read more...
119. United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods 5 Contents United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods   Article 55 Where a contract has been ... Read more...
120. United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods 6 Contents United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods   Article 67 (1) If the contract of ... Read more...