International Law Encyclopedia 5

Human Rights, Treaties , Th ird- Party Eff ect Eirik Bjorge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Human Rights, Treaty Bodies Peter- Tobias Stoll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Human Rights, United Nations High Commissioner for (UNHCHR)
Ineke Boerefijn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Human Shields Vera Rusinova . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Human Traffi cking John Cerone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Humanitarian Assistance, Access in Armed Confl ict and Occupation
Heike Spieker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Humanitarian Assistance in Cases of Emergency Budislav Vukas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Humanitarian Intervention Vaughan Lowe and Antonios Tzanakopoulos . . . . . . . 47
Humanitarian Law, International Hans- Peter Gasser and Daniel Thürer . . . . . . . . 59
Humanity, Principle of Geoffrey S Corn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Ila?cu Case Nicola Wenzel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
I’m Alone, Th e Hugo Caminos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Immigration David Weissbrodt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Immunities, Special Missions Nadia Kalb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Immunity, Diplomatic Rosanne van Alebeek . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Implementation Agreements Chie Kojima and Vladlen S Vereshchetin . . . . . . . . 110
Indigenous Peoples Benedict Kingsbury . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Indigenous Peoples, Treaties with Gudmundur Alfredsson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Indiscriminate Attack Christine Bell and Julia Pfeiffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Individual Criminal Responsibility Andreas O’Shea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Individuals in International Law Simone Gorski . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Indus River Surya P Subedi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Industrial Property, International Protection Thomas Cottier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Information and Communication, Freedom of Peter Malanczuk . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
INMARSAT Francis Lyall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Innocent Passage Kari Hakapaa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
Institut de Droit inter national Peter Macalister- Smith . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
Insurgency Emily Crawford . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
Intellectual Property, International Protection Frederick M Abbott . . . . . . . . . . . 228
INTELSAT Francis Lyall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
Inter- American Commercial Arbitration Commission (IACAC)
Santiago Montt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
Inter- American Commission on Human Rights (IACommHR)
Claudio M Grossman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Inter- American Court of Human Rights (IACtHR) Gerald L Neuman . . . . . . . . . 261
Inter- American Juridical Committee Fernanda Millicay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270
Inter- American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance of Rio de Janeiro (1947)
Jean- Michel Arrighi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276
Interdependence Ahmed Mahiou . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
Intergenerational Equity Edith Brown Weiss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287
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Interhandel Case Christian J Tams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
Interim (Provisional) Measures of Protection Rüdiger Wolfrum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
Internal Waters Kaare Bangert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310
International Administration of Territories Markus Benzing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
International Administrative Unions Rüdiger Wolfrum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335
International Air Transport Association (IATA) Peter PC Haanappel . . . . . . . . . . 344
International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse
Authorities (IALA) Roberto Virzo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Johan Rautenbach . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
Sabine Schlemmer- Schulte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363
International Bar Association (IBA) Francis Neate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393
International Bureau of Education (IBE) Douglas Hodgson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 396
International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) Stefanie Schmahl . . . . . . 398
International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID)
Christoph Schreuer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399
International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) Dieter Martiny . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408
International Children’s Centre (ICC) Vanessa Holzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) PMJ Mendes de Leon . . . . . . . 413
International Civil Aviation Organization, Jurisdiction of, Case
Kay Hailbronner and Isabel Rücker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417
International Civil Defence Organisation (ICDO) Christian Schaller . . . . . . . . 421
International Civil Litigation Burkhard Hess . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422
International Commission Against Impunity in Guatemala (CICIG)
Alexander Aizenstatd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433
International Commission of Jurists (ICJ) Robert Kogod Goldman . . . . . . . . . . . 436
International Commission of the Oder, Jurisdiction of, Case Stephen C
McCaffrey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439
International Commission on Civil Status (ICCS) Martin Gebauer . . . . . . . . . . . 442
International Committee of Military Medicine (ICMM) Christian Schaller . . . . 444
International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) Hans- Peter Gasser . . . . . . . . 445
International Congress of Women (1915) Freya Baetens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455
International Court of Justice (ICJ) Shabtai Rosenne . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459
International Court of Justice , Optional Clause Malgosia Fitzmaurice . . . . . . . . . 487
International Court of Justice, Rules and Practice Directions
Abdul G Koroma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 492
International Courts and Tribunals Christian Tomuschat. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499
International Courts and Tribunals, Agents, Counsel and Advocates
Eduardo Valencia- Ospina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 515
International Courts and Tribunals, Amicus Curiae Philippe J Sands and
Ruth Mackenzie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519
International Courts and Tribunals, Appeals Karin Oellers- Frahm. . . . . . . . . . . . 527
International Courts and Tribunals, Chambers Ruth Mackenzie . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537
International Courts and Tribunals, Discontinuance of Cases
Sir Michael Wood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 547
International Courts and Tribunals, Evidence Rüdiger Wolfrum . . . . . . . . . . . . . 552
International Courts and Tribunals, Intervention in Proceedings
Andreas Zimmermann . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 570
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xiv list of entries in volume v
International Courts and Tribunals, Judges and Arbitrators
Karin Oellers- Frahm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 576
International Courts and Tribunals, Jurisdiction and Admissibility of
Inter- State Applications Shabtai Rosenne . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 587
International Courts and Tribunals, Multiple Jurisdiction August Reinisch . . . . . 598
International Courts and Tribunals, Non- Appearance Matthias Goldmann . . . . . 606
International Courts and Tribunals, Procedure Jean- Marc Sorel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 613
International Courts and Tribunals, Rules and Practice Directions
(ECJ, GC, ECtHR, IACtHR, ICSID, ITLOS, WTO Panels and
Appellate Body) Mandana Knust Rassekh Afshar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 621
International Courts and Tribunals, Standing Angela Del Vecchio . . . . . . . . . . . . 627
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966)
Christian Tomuschat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 639
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966)
Eibe Riedel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 650
International Criminal Court (ICC) Hans- Peter Kaul . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 667
International Criminal Courts and Tribunals, Complementarity and
Jurisdiction Morten Bergsmo and Philippa Webb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 688
International Criminal Courts and Tribunals, Defences Yoram Dinstein . . . . . . . . 696
International Criminal Courts and Tribunals, Procedure
Wolfgang Schomburg and Jan Christoph Nemitz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 702
International Criminal Jurisdiction, Protective Principle Iain Cameron. . . . . . . . . 712
International Criminal Law Claus KreàŸ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 717
International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda Fausto Pocar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 732
International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY)
Fausto Pocar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 746
International Development Association (IDA) Leonie Guder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 768
International Economic Law Matthias Herdegen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 777
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
Sigrid Mehring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 790
International Finance Corporation (IFC) Sheetal Asrani and Philipp Dann . . . . . 793
International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) Philipp Dann . . . . . . . . 796
International (Humanitarian) Fact-Finding Commission Heike Spieker . . . . . . . . 799
International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Peter Ehlers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 807
International Labour Organization (ILO) Heiko Sauer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 810
International Law Rüdiger Wolfrum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 820
International Law and Domestic (Municipal) Law Pierre- Marie Dupuy . . . . . . . . 836
International Law and Domestic (Municipal) Law, Law and Decisions of
International Organizations and Courts Jürg Polakiewicz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 862
International Law Association (ILA) Torsten Stein . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 872
International Law Commission (ILC) Pemmaraju Sreenivasa Rao . . . . . . . . . . . . . 875
International Law, Development through International Organizations :
Policies and Practice Volker Rüben. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 889
International Law, Regional Developments: Africa Thomas A Mensah . . . . . . . . . 896
International Law, Regional Developments: East Asia Shotaro Hamamoto . . . . . . 907
International Law, Regional Developments: Islam Mohammad Fadel . . . . . . . . . . 926
International Law, Regional Developments: Latin America
Vicente Marotta Rangel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 940
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International Law, Regional Developments: South and South- East Asia
Diane A Desierto . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 954
International Legal Th eory and Doctrine Martti Koskenniemi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 976
International Legislation Jutta Brunnée . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 986
International Maritime Organization (IMO) Thomas A Mensah . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1001
International Military Forces Marten Zwanenburg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1009
International Military Tribunals Johannes Fuchs and Flavia Lattanzi . . . . . . . . . 1016
International Monetary Fund (IMF) Sabine Schlemmer- Schulte . . . . . . . . . . . . 1037
International Monetary Fund, Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP)
Sabine Schlemmer- Schulte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1063
International Oil Pollution Compensation Funds Thomas A Mensah . . . . . . . . . 1076
International Organization for Migration (IOM) Jürgen Bast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1083
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Gerald G Sander . . . . . . . 1086
International Organizations or Institutions, Decision- Making Bodies
Niels M Blokker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1092
International Organizations or Institutions, Decision- Making Process
Pierre Klein . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1098
International Organizations or Institutions, Democratic Legitimacy
Markus Krajewski . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1102
International Organizations or Institutions, External Relations and
Co-operation Thilo Rensmann . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1108
International Organizations or Institutions, Financing of Henry G
Schermers and Niels M Blokker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1117
International Organizations or Institutions, General Aspects
Kirsten Schmalenbach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1126
International Organizations or Institutions, Headquarters Jochen Herbst . . . . . 1153

Author: international

Mentioned in these Entries

Education, Encyclopedia of Public International Law, International Court of Justice, International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, International Criminal Court, International Criminal Law, International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, International Law Encyclopedia, International Organizations, Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law, Treaties.