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International Civil Aviation Organization

International Civil Aviation Organization Outline

The ICAO came into existence in 1947 pursuant to an international agreement signed in 1944 in Chicago. The Chicago Convention sets out international standards and recommended practices for international civil aviation. The ICAO was founded to imple-ment this convention and to coordinate international cooperation in the area of civil aviation. One of its functions is to set out safety standards to ensure the safety and efficiency of international airlines. The member states have an obligation to follow the safety standards set by the organisation. The ICAO has been involved in developing uniform rules for civil aviation. For example, it drafted and revised the Warsaw Convention. The relevant conventions for carriage of goods by air will be dealt with in [6.141]-[6.173]. The ICAO’s headquarters are in Montreal. It has about 178 members.(1)

The International Civil Aviation Organization (Icao). in 2016

In September 2016, the United Nations Security Council unanimously adopted United Nations Security Council resolution (UNSCR) 2309, which calls on all States to ensure that effective, risk-based measures are in place at the airports within their jurisdiction and that such measures reflect the ever-evolving threat picture and are in accordance with international standards and recommended practices. The UNSCR calls on all States to strengthen information sharing among States and to require that airlines operating in their territories provide advance passenger information to appropriate national authorities to track the movement of individuals identified by the counterterrorism committees. It also urges all States to ensure cooperation among their domestic departments, agencies and other entities, and encouraged continued close cooperation between ICAO and the Counter-Terrorism Executive Directorate on identifying gaps and vulnerabilities in aviation security. ICAO’s Universal Security Audit Program (USAP) continued to support U.S. security in its efforts to evaluate the capabilities of ICAO’s member states in establishing, implementing, and performing oversight of National Civil Aviation Security Programs in compliance with Annex 17 security standards. In 2016, ICAO operated fully under its new USAP-Continuous Monitoring Approach, which aims to enable greater focus of resources on states requiring more assistance in meeting the Standards, allowing additional flexibility in where audits are focused and how follow-on activities are planned. Additionally, ICAO’s Implementation Support and Development – Security Section continued to conduct training and assistance missions to help states correct security problems revealed by surveys and audits. ICAO is also working with member states to encourage incorporation of advance passenger information and passenger name record in the travel decision process and with priority countries on implementation of ICAO’s public key directory program, as a means to validate e-passports at key ports of entry. ICAO and a task force of member states have begun work on drafting the Global Aviation Security Plan (GASeP) to reflect the reality and needs of the current threat and risk environment. Also, ICAO, with the World Customs Organization, is working to establish standard practices for enhanced screening of cargo.