Intellectual Property Regulation

Pre-TRIPs

Prior to the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights Agreement, intellectual property was not truly regulated under international law. It was domestically regulated. Internationally, intellectual property protection was loosely coordinated within a patchwork of international treaties and conventions.

Post-TRIPs

The Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights Agreement, effectively, subsumed all international intellectual property agreements that came before it. The Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights Agreement covers copyrights, patents, marks, geographic indications, industrial designs, trade secrets, integrated circuit layouts, and test data. It is overseen by the World Trade Organization (WTO) (Trade Related Aspects of International Property Rights (1994).

Resources

See Also

Further Reading

Adkisson, R.V. (2004) Ceremonialism, Intellectual Property Rights, and Innovative Activity. Journal of Economic Issues 38, 2.

Beckerman-Rodau, A. (2009) Patents Are Property: A Fundamental but Important Concept. Journal of Business and Technology Law 4, 87.

Boldrin, M., and Levine, D. (2002) The Case against Intellectual Property. The American Economic Review 92, 2.

Burch, K. (1995) Intellectual Property Rights and the Culture of Global Liberalism. Science Communication 17, 2 (Dec.): 214–32.

Burch, K. (1998) “Property” and the Making of the International System. Boulder: Lynne Rienner.

Coban, A. (2004) Caught between State-Sovereign Rights and Property Rights: Regulating Biodiversity. Review of International Political Economy 11, 4, 736–62.

Correa, C.M. (2001) The TRIPs Agreement: How Much Room to Maneuver? The Journal of Human Development 2, 79–107.

Denemark, R.A., and White, M. (2001) International Intellectual Property Agreements: Cycles of Cooperation? Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Studies Association, Chicago, Feb.

Devereaux, C. (2002) International Trade Meets Intellectual Property: The Making of the TRIPs Agreement. Kennedy School of Government. President and Fellows of Harvard College. Case no. NR15-02-(1661)0.

de Werra, J. (2009) Fighting against Biopiracy: Does the Obligation to Disclose in Patent Applications Truly Help? Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 42, 143.

Drahos, P. (1996) A Philosophy of Intellectual Property. Aldershot: Dartmouth.

Farhat, R. (2008) Neotribal Entrepreneurialism and the Commodification of Biodiversity: WIPO’s Displacement of Development for Private Property Rights. Review of International Political Economy 15 (2) (May), 206–33.

Friedman, D.D., Landes, W.M., and Posner, R.A. (1991) Some Economics of Trade Secret Law. Journal of Economic Perspectives 5 (1) (Winter), 61–72.

Ghosh, S. (2009) Intellectual Property Rights: The View from Competition Policy. Northwestern University Law Review Colloquy 103, 344.

Ho, C.M. (2009) Patent Breaking or Balancing?: Separating Strands of Fact From Fiction. North Carolina Journal of International Law and Commercial Regulation 34, 371 (Winter).

Hunter, S. (2003) Black Death: AIDS in Africa. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Jianming, C. (2009) Comprehensive Strengthening of Intellectual Property Adjudication Will Provide Powerful Judicial Guarantees for Constructing an Innovation-Based Country and Harmonious Society. Pacific Rim Law and Policy Journal 18, 97.

Lanoszka, A. (2003) The Global Politics of Intellectual Property Rights and Pharmaceutical Drug Policies in Developing Countries. International Political Science Review 24 (2), 181–97.

Lovett, W.A. (2008) Beyond Doha: Multipolar Challenges for a Globalized World. Tulane Journal of International and Comparative Law 17, 3.

Lowenfeld, A.F. (2008) International Economic Law, 2nd edn. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Lowenfeld, A F., and Dreyfuss, R.C. (1997) Two Achievements of the Uruguay Round: Putting TRIPS and Dispute Settlement Together. Virginia Journal of International Law 37 (Winter), 275.

Mandel, G. (2008) The Non-Obvious Problem: How the Indeterminate Nonobviousness Standard Produces Excessive Patent Grants. U.C. Davis Law Review 42, 57.

Marlin-Bennett, R. (2004) Knowledge Power: Intellectual Property, Information, and Privacy. Boulder: Lynne Reinner Publishers.

Maskus, K. (2000) Intellectual Property Rights in the Global Economy. Washington, DC: Institute for International Economics.

May, C. (2000) A Global Political Economy of Intellectual Property Rights: The New Enclosures? London: Routledge.

May, C. (2006) The World Intellectual Property Organization. New Political Economy 11 (3) (Sept.), 435–45.

May, C. (2007a) The Hypocrisy of Forgetfulness: The Contemporary Significance of Early Innovations in Intellectual Property. Review of International Political Economy 14 (1), 1–25.

May, C. (2007b) The World Intellectual Property Organization and the Development Agenda. Global Governance 13, 161–70.

May, C., and Sell, S.K. (2006) Intellectual Property Rights: A Critical History. Boulder: Lynne Rienner.

Munzer, S.R. (2009) Commons, Anticommons, and Community in Biotechnological Assets. Theoretical Inquiries in Law 10, 271.

Nihoul, P. (2009) The Limitation of Intellectual Property in the Name of Competition. Fordham International Law Journal 32, 489.

Rahmatian, A. (2009) Neo-Colonial Aspects of Global Intellectual Property Protection. Journal of World Intellectual Property 12 (1), 40–74.

Ritchie, L. (2008–9) Reconciling Contract Doctrine with Intellectual Property Law: An Interdisciplinary Solution. Santa Clara Computer and High Technology Law Journal 25, 105.

Romer, P. (2002) When Should We Use Intellectual Property Rights? The American Economic Review 92 (2) (May), 213–16.

Rosendal, K.G. (2001) Impacts of Overlapping International Regimes: The Case of Biodiversity. Global Governance 7, 1.

Rowe, T. (2008) Specialty Insurance for Intellectual Property: Additional Security for Owner of Intellectual Property Assets. DePaul Journal of Art, Technology and Intellectual Property Law 19, 1.

Sell, S.K. (1998) Power and Ideas. North–South Politics of Intellectual Property and Anti-Trust. Albany: State University of New York Press.

Sell, S.K. (2003) Private Power, Public Law: The Globalization of Intellectual Property Rights. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Shadlen, K.C. (2007a) Intellectual Property, Trade, and Development: Can Foes Be Friends? Global Governance 13, 171–7.

Shadlen, K.C. (2007b) The Political Economy of AIDS Treatment: Intellectual Property and the Transformation of Generic Supply. International Studies Quarterly 51 (Sept.), 559–81.

Shadlen, K.C., Schrank, A., and Kurtz, M.J. (2005) The Political Economy of Intellectual Property Protection: The Case of Software. International Studies Quarterly 49, 45–71.

Shiva, V. (2001) Protect or Plunder? Understanding Intellectual Property Rights. London: Zed.

Sterckx, S. (2004) Patent and Access to Drugs in Developing Countries: An Ethical Analysis. Developing World Bioethics 4 (1), 58–75.

Supperamaniam, M., Alavi, R., and Gee, L.H. (2009) The Implications of TRIPS to the Pharmaceutical Sector and Access to Medicine: Malaysian Experience. Asian Journal of WTO and International Health Law and Policy, 4(Mar.), 225.

Tuttle, C.J., Da’ar, O., Monroe, K.H., and Nunez, F.X. (2009) How Do Copyrights Affect Economic Development and International Trade? Journal of World Intellectual Property 12 (3) (May), 198–218.

Wilkins, M. (1992) The Neglected Intangible Asset: The Influence of the Trade Mark on the Rise of the Modern Corporation. Business History 31, 1 (Jan.), 66–95.

Zeller, C. (2008) From the Gene to the Globe: Extracting Rents Based on Intellectual Property Monopolies. Review of International Political Economy 15 (1), 86–115.