Related Entries of the International Encyclopedia:

1. Import Quotas In the United States For information about Import quotas in the context of international trade, click here...
2. Import Import in International Trade Meaning of Import, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): 1. To receive goods and services from abroad. 2. An imported item. Cultural Property: Import Restrictions In relation to the international law practice and cultural [...]...
3. Import Quota Import Quota and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Import Quota: A means of restricting or controlling imports by specifying the quantity or value of a commodity, which may [...]...
4. Import Licensing Import Licensing and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Import Licensing: Procedures requiring the submission of an application or other documentation (other than those [...]...
5. Prior Import Deposit A sum that an importer is obliged to deposit with his nation's central bank or other governmental authority as a condition for the issuance of an import license. Most industrialized nations do not require such deposits, but they are common in many developing nations, where the deposit may [...]...
6. Import Substitution Summary of Import Substitution The act of eliminating imports of a given product by commencing production locally, often accompanied by controls such as increased duties, quotas, or outright bans to discourage or prevent continued foreign imports. This approach is fairly common on the part [...]...
7. Cultural Property Import Restrictions Cultural Property: Import Restrictions in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): In 2011, the United States took steps to protect the cultural property of Italy, Colombia, and Bolivia by extending import [...]...
8. Trade Barriers Standards-Related Activity and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Standards-Related Activity: An activity undertaken in conjunction with administration or enforcement of [...]...
9. Import Law In the United States For information about Import Law in the context of international trade, click here...
10. Import Surcharge Import Surcharge and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Import Surcharge: A temporary tax on imports over and above established tariffs, usually enacted in times of economic [...]...
11. Quantitative Restrictions Quantitative Restrictions in International Trade Meaning of Quantitative Restrictions, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Explicit limit, or quotas, on the quantity of a good that can be imported or exported during a specified time period. This restrictions [...]...
12. Import Rulings In the United States For information about Import Rulings in the context of international trade, click here...
13. Cultural Property Cultural Property: Import Restrictions In relation to the international law practice and cultural property: import restrictions in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Educational and Cultural Issues About this subject:BelizeNote: there is detailed [...]...
14. Import Surge Import Surge and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Import Surge: A substantial and usually unforeseen increase in imports above recent trends for a particular product or [...]...
15. Tariff Schedule Tariff Schedule and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Tariff Schedule: A comprehensive list of the goods, which a country imports, and the import duties applicable to each [...]...
16. Territorial Restrictions Territorial Restrictions and International Trade Economy Resources See Also vertical restraints...
17. Price Restrictions In the United States For information about Price restrictions in the context of international trade, click here...
18. Imports Minimum Import Price and International Trade Sea Turtle Conservation and Shrimp Imports In relation to the international law practice and Sea Turtle Conservation and Shrimp Imports in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Environment, Transnational Scientific Issues [...]...
19. Import Duty Import Duty in International Trade Meaning of Import Duty, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Any tax on items imported. See also tariff....
20. Residual Restrictions Residual Restrictions and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Residual Restrictions: Quantitative restrictions maintained since before 1947 by governments that were original [...]...
21. Import Procedures In the United States For information about Import Procedures in the context of international trade, click here...
22. Import Law Harmonized System In the United States For information about Import Law Harmonized System in the context of international trade, click here...
23. Committee on Balance-of-Payments Restrictions Committee on Balance-of-Payments Restrictions (BOP Committee) in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Committee on Balance-of-Payments Restrictions (BOP Committee): A GATT standing committee [...]...
24. Quotas Quota Auctioning and International Trade Quotas in Economic Law This section provides an overview of quotas and import licensing within the legal context of Market Access (Quantitative Restrictions in Goods and Services) in international economic law (Main Regulatory Areas). Resources Further [...]...
25. Restrictions In the United States For information about Restrictions in the context of international trade, click here...
26. Free Trade Area Summary of Free Trade Area An association of states that seeks to overcome impediments to trade among members by reducing or eliminating tariffs among the participants. The members of a free trade area do not maintain a common external tariff nor do they (usually) provide for the free flow [...]...
27. Rules of Origin Rules of Origin and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Rules of Origin: The laws, regulations, and administrative practices that are applied to ascribe acountry of origin to [...]...
28. Specific Limitations on Trade Specific Limitations on Trade and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Specific Limitations on Trade: Measures that limit imports or exports of a product during a specified [...]...
29. Prior Deposits Prior Deposits and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Prior Deposits: A requirement as a condition for importing that an importer deposit a specified sum of money --in [...]...
30. Convention on the Illicit Import, Export, and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property Embracing mainstream international law, this section on convention on the illicit import, export, and transfer of ownership of cultural property explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "cultural property, [...]...
31. Non-tariff Barriers Non-tariff Barriers (NTBS) in International Trade Meaning of Non-tariff Barriers (NTBS), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Market access barriers that result from prohibitions, restrictions, conditions or specific requirements and make importing products [...]...
32. Propensity To Import The relationship between income and the value of imports, expressed in monetary terms. Generally, the relationship is expressed in terms of the average propensity to import (imports as a percentage of national income) and the marginal propensity to import (changes in the average propensity to import......
33. Import Clearance Import Clearance in International Trade Meaning of Import Clearance, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The act of complying with the import regulations of an importing country. Generally, governments require some sort of import declaration. Depending on [...]...
34. Protectionism Protectionism Definition Protectionism may be defined as government policies that favor domestic products over imported goods. The debate between protectionism and free trade has been a continuing issue in United States politics. Meanings For information on: * systematic protectionism [...]...
35. Import Sensitivity Import Sensitivity and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Import Sensitivity: The vulnerability of a domestic industry to injury from foreign competition. See also sensitive [...]...
36. Import Licensing Code Import Licensing Code and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Import Licensing Code: Formally known as the Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures. A GAIT Code negotiated [...]...
37. Import License Import License in International Trade Meaning of Import License, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A document required and issued by some national governments authorizing the importation of goods....
38. Parallel Imports Parallel Imports and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Parallel Imports: Goods, which are authorized by the owner of intellectual properly rights for sale in one country, but [...]...
39. Nontariff Barriers Nontariff Barriers (NTBs) and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Nontariff Barriers (NTBs): Measures other than tariffs that burden or restrict international trade. NTBs may [...]...
40. Import Contract Import Contract in International Trade Meaning of Import Contract, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The import contract is suitable when a company is buying goods from abroad by way of import in the course of a business to business transaction. The [...]...
41. Preferences Preferences and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Preferences: Special trade advantages granted by an importing country to certain trading partners, in contrast to [...]...
42. Labeling Requirements In the United States For information about Labeling Requirements in the context of international trade, click here...
43. Tariff Quotas Tariff Quotas in International Trade Meaning of Tariff Quotas, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Application of a higher tariff rate to imported goods after a specified quantity of the product has entered the country at a lower prevailing rate. See quota....
44. Tariff Quota Tariff Quota and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Tariff Quota: A two-stage tariff, providing a base tariff rate that applies to goods up to a specified quantity imported [...]...
45. Trade Act Trade Act in International Trade Meaning of Trade Act, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): In U.S. Law legislation granting the President broad authority to enter into international agreement to reduce import barriers. Major purposes are: Protect American [...]...
46. Variable Import Levy A duty applicable to imports of certain significant agricultural commodities into the European Economic Community. The Common Agricultural Policy (read this and related legal terms for further details). of the EEC specif......
47. Invisible Barriers to Trade Invisible Barriers to Trade in International Trade Meaning of Invisible Barriers to Trade, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Government regulations that do not directly restrict trade, but indirectly impede free trade by imposing excessive or obscure [...]...
48. Common External Tariff Summary of Common External Tariff The uniform customs tariff applied by all the member states of a customs union or common market to imports from nonmember nations.(Main Author: William J. Miller) Common External Tariff and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT [...]...
49. Prohibitions In the United States For information about Prohibitions in the context of international trade, click here...
50. Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property 4 Contents Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property ... Read more...
51. General Prohibitions In the United States For information about General prohibitions in the context of international trade, click here...
52. Import Promotion Resources See Also International Trade Trade Regulation International Economic Law Export License International Trade Law Foreign Trade Safeguard...
53. Import Restriction Resources See Also International Trade Trade Regulation International Economic Law Export License International Trade Law Foreign Trade Safeguard...
54. Trigger Price Mechanism A program of import surveillance instituted by the U.S. government in 1977. Under this scheme, a floor price is established for designated import items; this floor is predicated upon the production cost of the most efficient foreign producer, with adjustments for freight and currency [...]...
55. Export Restraints Export Restraints and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Export Restraints: Also referred to as bilateral restraint agreements. Quantitative restrictions applied by exporting [...]...
56. Trade Barrier Summary of Trade Barrier Constraints upon the exchange of goods among nations imposed by governments; such constraints are manifested in the form of tariffs, quotas, exchange controls, and a variety of so-called nontariff barriers. Barriers usually arise to protect domestic industries, [...]...
57. Free Trade Introduction Free Trade, interchange of commodities across political frontiers without restrictions such as tariffs, quotas, or foreign exchange controls. This economic policy contrasts with protectionist policies that use such restrictions to protect or stimulate domestic industries. See [...]...
58. Barriers to Trade Technical Barriers to Trade (also referred to as Standards) and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Technical Barriers to Trade (also referred to as Standards): [...]...
59. Tariff Classification In the United States For information about Tariff classification in the context of international trade, click here...
60. Modification of Assistance Restrictions Modification of Sanctions and Assistance Restrictions In relation to the international law practice and Modification of Sanctions and Assistance Restrictions in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Sanctions, Export Controls, International Restrictions About this [...]...
61. Export Restrictions Export Restrictions and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Export Restrictions: While usage varies, this term is often used to denote quantitative limits or charges on exports [...]...
62. Italy Cultural Issues Italy in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): In 2011, the United States acted to continue to protect Italy's cultural heritage. Effective January 19, 2011, the United States and Italy amended and [...]...
63. Escape Clause A provision common to most international trade agreements under which an adhering nation is permitted to withdraw trade concessions under prescribed conditions, normally in those cases where such concessions are found to result in material injury to the domestic economy. Most major trading [...]...
64. Impairment Impairment and International Trade Resources See Also nullification or impairment Import Deposits, Prior deposits...
65. Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property Contents Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property ... Read more...
66. Export Quota Export Quota and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Export Quota: A specific restriction or ceiling imposed by an exporting country on the value or volume of certain exports. [...]...
67. Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property 3 Contents Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property ... Read more...
68. International Trade Commission For more details on United States International Trade Commission, click here.......
69. Colombia The Legal History of Colombia This section provides an overview of Colombia Colombia in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): Effective March 15, 2011, the United States and Colombia extended for five [...]...
70. Import Tax Resources See Also International Trade Trade Regulation International Economic Law Export License International Trade Law Foreign Trade Safeguard...
71. Import Volume Resources See Also International Trade Trade Regulation International Economic Law Export License International Trade Law Foreign Trade Safeguard...
72. Bolivia Bolivia in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): Effective December 4, 2011, the United States and Bolivia extended their existing MOU concerning the imposition of import restrictions on certain [...]...
73. Market Disruption A condition in which foreign imports of a given product increase in quantity so rapidly as to cause, or threaten to cause, material injury to a competing domestic industry. A finding of market disruption before the International Trade Commission may result in retaliatory actions against the [...]...
74. Surcharge Surcharge and International Trade Resources See Also Import Surcharge...
75. Tariffs Introduction to Tariffs Tariff, tax levied by a government on imports and exports. The money collected from tariffs is called a customs duty. Although tariffs are a source of government revenue, tariffs are also used as part of political and economic policies. For example, import taxes protect [...]...
76. International Restrictions Sanctions, Export Controls, and Certain Other Restrictions in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): this subject area of the world Encylopedia of Law discusses selected developments during 2011 relating [...]...
77. Tariff Escalation Tariff Escalation and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Tariff Escalation: The application of tariff rates on raw materials that are lower than on processed versions of the [...]...
78. Unfair Trade Practices Unfair Trade Practices and the Laws of International Trade Executive review of unfair trade practices: Background Unfair Trade and Import Competition Regulation Procedure: Initiation of investigation The investigation Monitoring Recent developments The escape clause: [...]...
79. Duty A tax imposed by governmental authority on goods imported. The amount of the duty imposed on any given article is prescribed in the nation's [...]...
80. Tariff Code In the United States For information about Tariff Code in the context of international trade, click here...
81. Haiti Countries or entities formerly subject to sanctions by the United States: Haiti In relation to the international law practice and Haiti in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Educational Issues, Cultural Issues About this subject: Cultural Property: Import [...]...
82. Importer In the United States For information about Importer in the context of international trade, click here...
83. Export International Restrictions Issues Communication to the Committee Established Pursuant to Resolution 1718 In relation to the international law practice and Communication to the Committee Established Pursuant to Resolution 1718 in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Sanctions, Export Controls, [...]...
84. Technical Barriers To Trade A specialized form of nontariff barrier that arises when a nation adopts or retains peculiar product standards. Often, these standards reflect genuine local usages not designed to impede imports; other standards are devised for precisely such purposes. An example of such technical barriers in U.S. e......
85. Tariff Other Popular Tax Definitions in the World Legal Encyclopedia Adjusted Gross Income (sometimes, including Tariff) Ad Valorem Tax (sometimes, including Tariff) Alternative Minimum Tax (sometimes, including Tariff) Big Four (audit firms) (sometimes, including Tariff) Black Market (sometimes, [...]...
86. Customs Trade Regulations Law of Similars and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Law of Similars: Regulations limiting importation of a product or altering its tariff treatment if a "similar" [...]...
87. Harmonized Tariff System In the United States For information about Harmonized Tariff System in the context of international trade, click here...
88. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 16 Contents General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade   Article XIII Non-discriminatory Administration of Quantitative Restrictions 1. No prohibition or restriction ... Read more...
89. Certificate of Origin A document presented to customs authorities at the time of importation to authenticate the national origin of merchandise. The certificate is customarily issued by a recognized chamber of commerce or governmental authority in the country of origin.......
90. Principal Supplier A nation that serves as the major source of supply to another country for a specific product.......
91. Country of Origin For customs tariff purposes, the country in which an imported product was manufactured, grown, or produced. When goods pass through more than one country in the process of manufacture, the country of origin does not change unless the product has been transformed substantially; minor [...]...
92. Tariff Schedules Tariff Schedules of the United States, Annotated, and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of TSUSA (Tariff Schedules of the United States, Annotated): The classification system in which US import data [...]...
93. Customs Clearance In the United States For information about Customs clearance in the context of international trade, click here...
94. Exchange Control Restrictions Embracing mainstream international law, this section on exchange control restrictions explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "exchange control, restrictions" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of [...]...
95. Importer Security Requirements In the United States For information about Importer security requirements in the context of international trade, click here...
96. Quantitative Restrictions in Services This section provides an overview of quantitative restrictions in services within the legal context of Market Access (Quantitative Restrictions in Goods and Services) in international economic law (Main Regulatory Areas). Resources Further Reading Panagiotis Delimatsis, "Quantitative [...]...
97. Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property 2 Contents Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property ... Read more...
98. Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures The Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures and the World Trade Organization The Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures in relation to the World Trade Organization (WTO) covers several issues....
99. Wto Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures The Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures and the World Trade Organization The Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures in relation to the World Trade Organization (WTO) covers several issues....
100. Tariff (Customs) A document issued by a nation's customs authority principally for the purpose of specifying rates of duty to be applied on various imported products. A tariff customarily also includes quantitative restrictions (quotas) upon certain imports, preferential duties on products imported from specifie......
101. Quota Summary of Quota A restriction on the amount of a given item that may be imported during a given period. Quotas can be divided into two categories. An absolute, or quantitative, quota permits a definite limit on the quantity of an item that may be imported from a given country during a [...]...
102. Minimum Import Price As used in conjunction with the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Economic Community, Gate price (read this and related legal terms for further details).......
103. Variable Levy Variable Levy and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Variable Levy: An import duty that is subject to alteration as world market prices change, designed to ensure that the [...]...
104. Convention Relative to Restrictions on the Right of Capture in Maritime War Embracing mainstream international law, this section on convention relative to restrictions on the right of capture in maritime war explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "capture in maritime war, convention [...]...
105. Customs Union Summary of Customs Union An arrangement among participating countries whereby tariffs are eliminated or virtually eliminated on products moving between members, and a common external tariff (read this and related legal terms for further details) is adopted to provide uniform treatment to [...]...
106. Customs Legal Issues Customs were the original form of international commercial law. As we have seen in the history of lex mercatoria, the customs existed before any statute of commercial law was made and were often the basis for legislation.(1) Customs in International Trade Meaning of Customs, [...]...
107. Double Column Tariff Double-Column Tariff and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Double-Column Tariff: A tariff schedule listing two duty rates for some or all commodities. In any given case, the [...]...
108. Sale Restrictions Sale, Restrictions From the book The Clergyman's Hand-book of Law, about Sale, Restrictions (1): In some States when not restricted by the laws of the organization the parish corporation may sell the premises in order to pay the church debts. However, it is not a common law right.467 [...]...
109. Harmonized System of Tariff Nomenclature In the United States For information about Harmonized System of Tariff Nomenclature in the context of international trade, click here...
110. Assistance Restrictions Modification of Sanctions and Assistance Restrictions in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): Effective July 18, 2011, the Department of State lifted measures imposed on one individual (Shah Hakim [...]...
111. Economic Integration Summary of Economic Integration The process of unifying two or more national economies through conscious coordination of trade, fiscal, and monetary activities. Economic integration is normally preceded by the reduction or abolition of tariffs, quotas, and similar constraints upon trade [...]...
112. Most-favored-nation A privilege granted to a nation to have customs duties levied upon its products at the lowest rate offered to any other nation. Customarily, the extension of most favored nation status is reciprocal. See tariff (Customs).......
113. Multilateral Trade Negotiations Negotiations among many nations acting in concert for the purpose of reducing trade barriers. Since the inception of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (read about the GATT for further details). in 1947, the mos......
114. Government Procurement Government Procurement and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Government Procurement: Government policies and procedures for purchasing goods and services. Procurement [...]...
115. Export Control Restrictions United States Executive Order 13224 Designations In relation to the international law practice and Executive Order 13224 Designations in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Sanctions, Export Controls, International Restrictions About this subject: Imposition, [...]...
116. Bamako Convention on the Ban of the Import into Africa 3 Contents Bamako Convention on the Ban of the Import into Africa   Article 5 Designation of Competent Authorities, Focal Point ... Read more...
117. General Tariff A tariff schedule in which a single rate of duty applies to a given commodity irrespective of the country of origin. A general tariff makes no provision for preferential duties.......
118. Harmonized System Known formally as the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System.. a product statistical classification system based upon the Customs Cooperation Council Nomenclature (CCCN) and designed to replace various statistical classification schemes now employed by various trading nations....
119. Freer Trade History of Commercial Treaties: Freer TradeHopeful omens, however, began to appear. In 1934 the United States passed the Reciprocal Trade Agreement, by which the president was empowered to lower import duties on a country's goods if that country reciprocated. The United States thereby m......
120. Commerce Control In the United States For information about Commerce control in the context of international trade, click here...