Humanitarian Occupation

Humanitarian Occupation

Embracing mainstream international law, this section on humanitarian occupation explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here.

Resources

Further Reading

• The entry “humanitarian occupation” in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law (currently, the Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law, 2009), Oxford University Press
• Arend, A., and Beck, R. (1993) International Law and the Use of Force. London: Routledge.
• Barnett, M. (2008) Humanitarianism: A History. In M. Barnett and T. Weiss (eds.) Humanitarianism in Question. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, pp. 21–9.
• Bass, G. (2008) Freedom’s Battle: The Origins of Humanitarian Intervention. New York: Knopf.
• Benjamin, B. (1992) Unilateral Humanitarian Intervention: Legalizing the Use of Force to Prevent Human Rights Atrocities. Fordham International Law Journal 16 (2), 120–58.
• Chayes, A., and Chayes, A. (1999) Planning for Intervention: International Cooperation in Conflict Management. London: Kluwer.
• Chopra, J., and Weiss, T. (1992) Sovereignty is no Longer Sacrosanct: Codifying Humanitarian Intervention. Ethics and International Affairs 6 (1), 95–117.
• Connaughton, R. (1992) Military Intervention in the 1990s: A New Logic of War. London: Routledge.
• Crawford, N. (2002) Argument and Change in World Politics: Ethics, Decolonization, and Humanitarian Intervention. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Danish Institute of International Affairs (1999) Humanitarian Intervention: Legal and Political Aspects. Copenhagen: Danish Institute of International Affairs.
• Des Forges, A. (1999) Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda. New York: Human Rights Watch.
• Donnelly, J. (2002) Genocide and Humanitarian Intervention. Journal of Human Rights 1 (1), 93–109.
• Durch, W.J., Holt, V.K., Earle, C.R., et al. (2003) The Brahimi Report and the Future of UN Peace Operations. Washington: Henry L. Stimson Center.
• Farrell, T. (2005) The Norms of War: Cultural Beliefs and Modern Conflict. Boulder: Lynne Reinner.
• Franck, T.M. (2003) Interpretations and Change in the Law of Humanitarian Intervention. In J.L. Holzgrefe and R.O. Keohane (eds.) Humanitarian Intervention: Ethical, Legal and Political Dilemmas. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 204–31.
• Gray, C. (2002) The RMA and Intervention: A Skeptical View. In C. McInnes and J. Wheeler (eds.) Dimensions of Western Military Intervention. London: Frank Cass, pp. 52–65.
• Heinze, E. (2004) Law, Force, and Human Rights: The Search for a Sufficiently Principled Legal Basis for Humanitarian Intervention. Journal of Conflict Studies 24 (2).
• Hoffmann, S. (1995/6) The Politics and Ethics of Military Intervention. Survival 37 (4), 29–51.
• Holzgrefe, J.L., and Keohane, R.O. (2003) Humanitarian Intervention: Ethical, Legal and Political Dilemmas. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• ICISS (2009) Bibliography.
• ICRC (2005) 1949 Conventions and Additional Protocols.
• Knudsen, T. (1997) European Approaches to Humanitarian Intervention: From Just War to Assistance and Back Again? In T. Knudsen (ed.) European Approaches to Crisis Management. Boston: Martinus Nijhoff, pp. 171–202.
• Kuperman, A. (2005) Suicidal Rebellions and the Moral Hazard of Humanitarian Intervention. Ethnopolitics 4 (2), 149–73.
• Lahneman, W.J. (2004) Military Intervention: Cases in Context for the Twenty-first Century. Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield.
• MacFarlane, N., and Khong, Y. (2006) Human Security and the UN: A Critical History. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
• Macrae, J., and Zwi, A. (1994) War and Hunger: Rethinking International Responses to Complex Emergencies. Atlantic Highlands: Zed Books.
• Maley, W. (2002) Twelve Theses on the Impact of Humanitarian Intervention. Security Dialogue 33 (3), 265–78.
• Mazarr, M. (1993) The Military Dilemmas of Humanitarian Intervention. Security Dialogue 24 (2), 151–62.
• Mockaitis, T. (2004) Civil–Military Cooperation in Peace Operations: The Case of Kosovo. Carlisle: US Army War College.
• Nardin, T. (2002) The Moral Basis of Humanitarian Intervention. Ethics and International Affairs 16 (2), 57–70.
• Oudraat, C. de J. (2000) Humanitarian Intervention: The Lessons Learned. Current History 99 (641), 419–29.
• Perito, R. (2005) The US Experience with Provincial Reconstruction Teams in Afghanistan: Lessons Identified. Special Report no. 152. Washington: United States Institute of Peace.
• Ramsbotham, O., and Woodhouse, T. (1996) Humanitarian Intervention in Contemporary Conflict. Cambridge: Polity.
• Roberts, A. (1993) Humanitarian War: Military Intervention and Human Rights. International Affairs 69 (3), 429–49.
• Schmitt, G., and Donnelly, T. (eds.) (2007) Of Men and Material: The Crisis in Military Resources. Washington: AEI Press.
• Smith, D. (1999) Sovereignty in the Age of Intervention. In A. McDermott (ed.) Sovereign Intervention, PRIO Report 2/99. Oslo: International Peace Research Institute.
• Stedman, S.J. (1993) The New Interventionists. Foreign Affairs 72 (1), 1–16.
• Terry, F. (2002) Condemned to Repeat? The Paradox of Humanitarian Action. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
• Teson, F.R. (2001) The Liberal Case for Humanitarian Intervention. Florida State Public Law and Legal Theory, Research Paper Series no. 39.
• United Nations (2000a) Report of the Panel on United Nations Peace Operations, A/55/305 – S/2000/809. At www.un.org/peace/reports/peace_operations, accessed Feb. 2009.
• United Nations (2004) A More Secure World: Our Shared Responsibility. Report of the High-level Panel on Threats, Challenges, and Change.
• United Nations (2005b) In Larger Freedom: Towards Development, Security and Human Rights for All. Report of the Secretary-General.
• Weiss, T. (1994) Triage: Humanitarian Interventions in a New Era. World Policy Journal 11 (1), 1–10.
• Wheeler, N. (2000) Saving Strangers: Humanitarian Intervention in International Society. Oxford: Oxford University Press.