Contents
Foreign Sovereign Immunities
Jurisdiction of States
Note: This section covers also the Principles of Jurisdiction.
Immunities from Jurisdiction
The principle of sovereign equality of States requires that the official representatives of one State
should not be subject to the jurisdiction of another State. For example, the law of the sea
provides that warships are subject only to the jurisdiction of the flag State. Even if warships
commit acts contrary to the right of innocent passage or the laws and regulations of the coastal
State, the coastal StateÂ’s only remedy is to escort the offending warship out of the territorial sea.
The principle of State immunity or sovereign immunity provides that foreign sovereigns enjoy
immunity from the jurisdiction of other States. The principle of diplomatic immunity provides that
the diplomatic agents of the sending State have complete immunity from the criminal jurisdiction
of the receiving State. Since this immunity belongs to the sending State and not to the diplomat,
it can be waived by the sending State. Also, the receiving State has the right to expel any
diplomatic agent from its country by declaring them persona non grata. The premises of an
embassy or diplomatic mission as well as its records and archives are also inviolable. The
authorities of the receiving State cannot enter a foreign embassy without the express permission
of the head of mission, even in the case of an emergency.
International Sources
- 1963 Vienna Convention on Consular Relations, 21 U.S.T. 77, T.I.A.S. No. 6820, 596 U.N.T.S. 261 (entered into force for the United States Dec. 24, 1969)
- 1961 Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, 23 U.S.T. 3227, T.I.A.S. No. 7502, 500 U.N.T.S. 95 (entered into force for the United States Dec. 13, 1972)
- Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of Civil Aviation (Montreal Convention), 974 U.N.T.S. 178, 24 U.S.T. 564, T.I.A.S. No. 7570 (entered into force on Jan. 26, 1973)
- Convention on Privileges and Immunities of the United Nations, opened for signature Feb. 13, 1946, 21 U.S.T. 1418, T.I.A.S. No. 6900 (entered into force with respect to the United States Apr. 29, 1970)
- Convention on the Service Abroad of Judicial and Extrajudicial Documents in Civil or Commercial Matters (Hague Service Convention), Nov. 15, 1965
- Inter-American Convention on International Commercial Arbitration (Panama Convention), Jan. 30, 1975, O.A.S.T.S. No. 42, 14 I.L.M. 336 (1975), implemented at 9 U.S.C. § 301 (2010)
- International Convention Against the Taking of Hostages, G.A. Res. 146 (XXXIV), U.N. GAOR, 34th Sess., Supp. No. 45, U.N. Doc. A/34/45, at 245 (June 3, 1983), 1316 U.N.T.S. 205, T.I.A.S. No. 1108, 18 ILM 1456 (entered into force for the United States Jan. 6, 1985)
- International Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes Between States and Nationals of Other States (ICSID or Washington Convention), Mar. 18, 1965, 575 U.N.T.S. 159, 17 U.S.T. 1291, T.I.A.S. No. 6090
- United Nations Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, Dec. 10, 1984, ___ U.S.T. ___, 1465 U.N.T.S. 85
- United Nations Convention on the Jurisdictional Immunities of States and Their Property, G.A. Res. 59/38, Annex, U.N. Doc. A/RES/59/38 (Dec. 2, 2004)
- U.N. Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Arbitral Awards (New York Convention), June 10, 1958, 21 U.S.T. 2517, 330 U.N.T.S. 3, implemented by Chapter 2 of the Federal Arbitration Act, 9 U.S.C. §§ 201-207 (2010)
Foreign Sovereign Immunity
This section covers the following:
- Foreign Sovereign Immunities Doctrine
- Foreign Sovereign Immunities Legislative History
- Foreign Sovereign Immunities Mean
- Foreign Sovereign Immunity Government
- Foreign Sovereign Immunity in International Law
- Foreign Sovereign Immunity Law
- Foreign Sovereign Immunity Meaning
In the United States
For furhter information about the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act, click here.
For a list of United States legal opinions relatad with the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act, click here.
United States Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act of 1976
This section covers the following:
- Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act Citation
- U.S. Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act Commercial Activity Exception
- Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act Definition
- U.S. Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act Exceptions
- U.S. Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act Instrumentality
United States Legislation: Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act
In relation to the international law practice and Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section:
Privileges, Immunities
Related Entries of the International Encyclopedia:
- Commercial Activity Commercial Activity in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): Section 1605(a)(2) of the FSIA provides that a foreign state is not immune from suit in any case "in which the action is based upon a [...]...
- Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act Summary of Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act An act of Congress passed in 1976 and having effect from January 19, 1977, clarifying the circumstances under which foreign states, their political subdivisions, and state-owned corporations may lose sovereign immunity and become subject to the [...]...
- Foreign Sovereign Immunities Legislation Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act in 2013 United States views on international law [1] in relation to Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act: The Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act ("FSIA"), 28 U.S.C. §§ 1330, 1441, 1602–1611, governs claims of immunity in civil actions [...]...
- Presumption of Immunity Presumption of Immunity For Foreign State Property: Rubin v. Iran In relation to the international law practice and Presumption of Immunity For Foreign State Property: Rubin v. Iran in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Privileges, Immunities About this [...]...
- Immunity From Attachment Immunity From Attachment of Multinational Research Satellite In relation to the international law practice and Immunity From Attachment of Multinational Research Satellite in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Privileges, Immunities About this subject: [...]...
- Terrorism Exception Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act (a U.S. piece of legislation) In relation to the international law practice and Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act (a U.S. piece of legislation) in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Privileges and Immunities Note: there is [...]...
- Acts of Terrorism Acts of Terrorism in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): Section 1083(b) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008 ("NDAA"), Pub. L. No. 110-181, 122 Stat. 343, repealed [...]...
- Absolute Immunity The Court Cannot Exercise Jurisdiction Over the United Nations if Absolute Immunity Applies, Regardless of Whether Other Fora Are Available in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): Finally, even assuming [...]...
- Avelar Avelar in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): See the discussion in section A.3.b(2) supra, for background on this case in which the United States filed a statement of interest. The section of the [...]...
- State Officials Immunity of Foreign Officials In relation to the international law practice and immunity of foreign officials in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Privileges and Immunities About this subject:President Zedillo of Mexico Note: there is detailed [...]...
- Immunity From Prosecution Immunity of Foreign Officials In relation to the international law practice and immunity of foreign officials in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Privileges and Immunities About this subject:Rosenberg v. Lashkar-e-Taiba Note: there is detailed [...]...
- Diplomatic Privileges Diplomatic, Consular, and Other Privileges and Immunities In relation to the international law practice and diplomatic, consular, and other privileges and immunities in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Privileges and Immunities About this subject:AIT-TECRO [...]...
- Nml Capital V. Spaceport Systems Nml Capital v Spaceport Systems in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): See Section A.2.a.(1), supra, for discussion of this case considering whether Argentina's contribution to a satellite for [...]...
- Consular Privileges Diplomatic and Consular Privileges and Immunities in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On February 24, 2011, the United States filed a statement of interest in the U.S. District Court for the Central [...]...
- Immunity From Execution Under the United States' International Agreements, the Diplomatic Property of the Congo's U.n. Mission is Immune From Attachment or Execution In relation to the international law practice and Under the United States' International Agreements, the Diplomatic Property of the [...]...
- Immunity of States Contents Immunity of States Immunity of States from Jurisdiction Immunity of States from Jurisdiction in the United States The main ... Read more...
- Immunity of Vessels Immunity of Vessels in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): In February 2011, the United States received a diplomatic note from the ministry of foreign affairs of the Republic of Malta concerning the [...]...
- Permanent Mission to the Un Bank Accounts and Premises of Permanent Mission to the United Nations in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): In August of 2011, the United States filed a statement of interest in a case against the [...]...
- Exception for Suits Exception For Suits to Confirm an Arbitral Award In relation to the international law practice and Exception For Suits to Confirm an Arbitral Award in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Privileges, Immunities About this subject: Foreign Sovereign Immunities [...]...
- International Organizations Cases International Organizations in 2013 United States views on international law [1] in relation to International Organizations: United Nations In 2013, the United States filed a statement of interest in a case brought in U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia against U.S. Permanent [...]...
- Direct Effect "Direct Effect" Requirement In relation to the international law practice and "Direct Effect" Requirement in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Privileges, Immunities About this subject: Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act Under this [...]...
- Diplomatic Immunity An immunity from local laws and regulations accorded by host states to accredited foreign diplomats. It is recognized in international law that diplomatic officers are the personal representatives of sovereign states and, as such, are themselves inviolable on the same basis as the states they [...]...
- Ahmed V. Magan Ahmed v Magan in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On March 15, 2011, the United States submitted a statement of interest in a case in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Ohio. Ahmed [...]...
- Privileges Issues U.S. Brief as Amicus in the U.S. Court of Appeals For the Fourth Circuit In relation to the international law practice and U.S. Brief as Amicus in the U.S. Court of Appeals For the Fourth Circuit in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Privileges, Immunities About [...]...
- South Carolina South Carolina in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On October 31, 2011, the United States filed suit in the U.S. District Court for the District of South Carolina seeking to block enforcement of [...]...
- Foreign Sovereign Inmunity Act Contents Foreign Sovereign Inmunity Act US main Decisions: 1. Philippines v. Pimentel 2. Philippines v. Pimentel 3. Owens v. Sudan ... Read more...
- Air Pollution From Ships Air Pollution From Ships: Imo Adoption of Efficiency Standards In relation to the international law practice and Air Pollution From Ships: Imo Adoption of Efficiency Standards in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Privileges, Immunities About this subject: [...]...
- Terrorism Risk Insurance Legislation Attachment Under the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act: Martinez v. Cuba In relation to the international law practice and Attachment Under the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act: Martinez v. Cuba in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Privileges, Immunities About this [...]...
- Mckesson V Iran Mckesson v Iran in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On July 27, 2011, the United States filed a brief as amicus curiae in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit in the case [...]...
- Foreign Sovereign Immunity In the United States For information about Foreign Sovereign Immunity in the context of international trade, click here...
- Expropriation Expropriation Definition Expropriation is the forced assumption of ownership of private property by a government, often without fair compensation. Nationalization is expropriation by a national government. Meanings For information on: * history of expropriation, see Nationalization * [...]...
- Un Absolute Immunity The United Nations Enjoys Absolute Immunity in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): The United Nations General Convention, to which the United States is a party, explicitly provides that the United [...]...
- Immunity of Diplomatic Accounts Immunity of Diplomatic Accounts and Personnel in 2013 United States views on international law [1] in relation to Immunity of Diplomatic Accounts and Personnel: As discussed in Section A.2.b., in this world legal Encyclopedia, the United States filed an amicus brief in the Second Circuit [...]...
- Attachment Immunity Under the United States' International Agreements, the Diplomatic Property of the Congo's United Nations Mission is Immune From Attachment or Execution in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): In [...]...
- Immunity of the United Nations The United Nations: Background Note The name "United Nations" was devised by United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt and was first used in the "Declaration by United Nations" of 1 January 1942, during the Second World War, when representatives of 26 nations pledged [...]...
- Officials See information on the case Abi Jaoudi and Azar Trading Corp v Cigna in this legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Privileges Immunities Immunity Foreign Officials...
- Chettri V Nepal Bangladesh Bank Chettri v Nepal Bangladesh Bank in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): In May 2011, the United States filed a statement of interest in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York in a [...]...
- Commercial Relations Cross References of Trade, Commercial Relations, Investment, Transportation in International Law Counternarcotics majors list, information on International Criminal Law in this legal Encyclopedia.B.2.a. Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement, information on Treaty Affairs in this legal [...]...
- Diplomatic Property Under the United States' International Agreements, the Diplomatic Property of the Congo's United Nations Mission is Immune From Attachment or Execution in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): [...]...
- Immunity of State Officials From Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction International Law Commission's Work on Subsequent Agreements and Subsequent Practice in Treaty Interpretation and Immunity of State Officials From Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction in 2013 United States views on international law [1] in relation to ILC's Work on Subsequent Agreements [...]...
- Commercial Activity Exception Mckesson v Iran: Whether the Commercial Activity Exception Creates a Cause of Action in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): As discussed in information on Foreign Relations in this legal Encyclopedia, [...]...
- Remand to the Court United States Statement of Interest on Remand to the District Court in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On February 14, 2011, the United States submitted a statement of interest in the U.S. District [...]...
- Abi Jaoudi and Azar Trading Corp. V. Cigna Abi Jaoudi and Azar Trading Corp v Cigna in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On December 5, 2011, the United States filed a statement of interest, including the State Department's determination [...]...
- Multinational Research Satellite Immunity From Attachment of Multinational Research Satellite in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On May 3, 2011, the United States filed a statement of interest in the U.S. District Court for the [...]...
- Non-immunity Non-immunity: Us Brief as Amicus in the us Court of Appeals For the Fourth Circuit in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): After the district court accepted the U.S. Department of State's [...]...
- Immunity Hello Introduction to Immunity Immunity (law), an exemption or freedom from liability or penalty under criminal or civil law. The privileges and immunities of U.S. citizens are dealt with in the U.S. Constitution in Article IV, in the 14th Amendment, and in the 5th Amendment, which provides [...]...
- Head of State Immunity Head of State Immunity in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On August 29, 2011, the United States submitted a suggestion of immunity of the sitting head of state of Rwanda, Paul Kagame, in the U.S. [...]...
- International Organizations Issues International Organizations in 2013 (Continuation) United States views on international law [1] in relation to International Organizations: I. The UN Is Immune From "Every Form of Legal Process" Under the General Convention Unless The UN Itself Expressly Waives Its Own Immunity. [...]...
- Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS): A US government inter-agency [...]...
- Foreign Investment THE ROLE IN THE PROTECTION AND PROMOTION OF FOREIGN INVESTMENT OF: The World Bank Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID); The Convention establishing the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency; and Bilateral Investment Protection Agreements (IPPAs). (London, 1994) The [...]...
- Sovereign Immunity Summary of Sovereign Immunity A principle of international law that holds that the territory, property, and official agents of a sovereign state are exempt from seizure, suit, trial, or other submission to the jurisdiction of any other state. Normally a state may not be sued in a foreign [...]...
- Foreign Official United States Brief as Amicus in the us Court of Appeals For the Fourth Circuit in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): In addition, Samantar's contention that courts are free to override the State [...]...
- Foreign Officials Immunity Immunity, Foreign Officials in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): In 2010, the U.S. Supreme Court held in Samantar v. Yousuf that the FSIA does not govern the immunity of foreign officials. see this [...]...
- Foreign State Definition of "foreign State" in the Fsia in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): Having concluded that the multi-national character of the EC is not a bar to the EC's status as an organ, [...]...
- Foreign Central Banks Assets of Foreign Central Banks In relation to the international law practice and Assets of Foreign Central Banks in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Privileges, Immunities About this subject: Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act Under this topic, in the [...]...
- Foreign Official Immunity Samantar v. Yousuf in 2013 United States views on international law [1] in relation to Samantar v. Yousuf: After the Supreme Court decided the issue of applicability of the FSIA to foreign official immunity in Samantar in 2010, the case was remanded to the district court. The United States [...]...
- Foreign Officials Immunity of Foreign Officials In relation to the international law practice and immunity of foreign officials in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Privileges and Immunities About this subject:Ahmed v. Magan Note: there is detailed information and [...]...
- Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction Immunity of Foreign Officials In relation to the international law practice and immunity of foreign officials in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Privileges and Immunities About this subject:Overview Note: there is detailed information and resources [...]...
- Un Immunities Plaintiff's Arguments to Limit or Disregard the UN's Immunities Under the General Convention Lack Merit in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): There is no merit to Plaintiff's contention [...]...
- Immunities Immunity of Foreign Officials In relation to the international law practice and immunity of foreign officials in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Privileges and Immunities About this subject:Samantar v. Yousuf Note: there is detailed information and [...]...
- Extension of Immunities Extension of Immunities in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On March 8, 2011, President Obama issued Executive Order 13568, reprinted below, extending immunities to the Office of the High [...]...
- Privileges, Immunities Cross References of Privileges, Immunities in International Law Litigation under the Alien Tort Claims Act and the Torture Victim Protection Act, information on Foreign Relations in this legal Encyclopedia.B. Act of state, information on Foreign Relations in this legal Encyclopedia.C. Nazi [...]...
- Immunities Agreements Taiwan and Taipei Agreement on Privileges, Exemptions, and Immunities in 2013 United States views on international law [1] in relation to AIT-TECRO Agreement on Privileges, Exemptions, and Immunities: On February 4, 2013, the American Institute in Taiwan ("AIT") and the Taipei [...]...
- Diplomatic Immunities Diplomatic, Consular, and Other Privileges and Immunities In relation to the international law practice and diplomatic, consular, and other privileges and immunities in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Privileges and Immunities About this [...]...
- Foreign Law Contents Foreign Law Foreign law and international law are distinct areas of law. Foreign law, froma an U.S. perspective, involves ... Read more...
- Sovereign The supreme political power that, within its own defined geographical boundaries, is accountable to no authority higher than its own.......
- Foreign Laws Contents Foreign Laws Secondary Sources: The subscription-based Foreign Law Guide: Current Sources of Codes and Basic Legislation in Jurisdictions of ... Read more...
- Foreign Service The Foreign Service Introduction to the Foreign Service Today, most nations staff their foreign services with career civil servants who are selected on the basis of competitive examinations. Until recent times, however, foreign service personnel were political appointees, often from noble [...]...
- Foreign Bill Of Exchange A bill of exchange (read here for further details) drawn in one state or country and payable in another.......
- Foreign Corrupt Practices Act A Federal law, adopted in 1977, that forbids any U.S. company, its officers, employees, directors, agents, or major stockholders to make payments to any foreign official, candidate for office, or political party as an inducement to obtain, retain, or expand business. Violation of the act authorizes ......
- Foreign Currency Statement A financial statement prepared using a functional currency other than that in which the firm customarily reports.......
- Foreign Currency Translation The accounting process employed in expressing, in terms of a firm's reporting currency, those transactions that are denominated in a different currency.......
- Foreign Traders Index A database of foreign importers or potential importers of American products maintained by the International Trade Administration of the U.S. Department of Commerce as a source of business data for U.S. exporters. The file contains information on more than 140,000 potential purchasers in 143 countrie......
- Foreign Affairs In relation to the foreign affairs and constitutional law, Helmut Philipp Aust[1] made the following observation: The domain of foreign affairs is referred to in constitutional law and its scholarship in order to demarcate the conduct of the foreign relations of a state from other, at [...]...
- Sovereign Representative Sovereign Representative Text of the Chapter 30, “Of the Office of the Sovereign Representative” of the classical book “Leviathan”, by ... Read more...
- Sovereign Debt Litigation Sovereign Debt Litigation Further Reading Adams P (1991) Odious debts. Corruption and the third world environmental legacy. Earthscan, London/TorontoGoogle Scholar ... Read more...
- Foreign Assets Control Regulations A pronouncement issued under authority of Section 5 (b) of the trading with the enemy act (read this and related legal terms for further details) that prohibits importation of products manufactured in, or containing comp......
- Foreign Trade Antitrust Improvements Act A 1982 act of Congress, constituting Title IV of the export trading company act (read this and related legal terms for further details), which amends the Sherman Act and Federal Trade Commission Act to clarify their inap......
- Privileges and Immunities From the earliest times, privileges, immunities, and courtesies were extended to visiting heralds and envoys. Currently the privileges and immunities of diplomats are highly developed and universally accepted. History of Privileges and Immunities For centuries, the territory on which a [...]...
- Agreement on the Privileges and Immunities of the International Criminal Court Contents Agreement on the Privileges and Immunities of the International Criminal Court (ICC) Title of the Agreement Agreement on the ... Read more...
- Foreign Spanish Translation of foreignThis is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to foreign and / or a definition of this topic: Extranjero (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry)....
- Foreign Aid Concept of Foreign Aid An introductory definition of Foreign Aid is provided here: Donations of money, goods, or services from one nation to another. Such donations can be made for a humanitarian, altruistic purpose, or to advance the national interests of the giving nation. While in total [...]...
- Foreign Law Guide (FLG) Foreign Law Guide (FLG) The FLG is the outstanding and comprehensive Foreign Law Guide. It contains the most up-to-date research ... Read more...
- Foreign Trade Foreign Trade Definition Foreign Trade is the exchange of goods and services between nations. Goods can be defined as finished products, as intermediate goods used in producing other goods, or as agricultural products and foodstuffs. Introduction International trade enables a [...]...
- Foreign Banking Corporations An Edge Act bank. See Edge Act Corporation.......
- Foreign Corporation A corporation operating in a jurisdiction other than the one in which it was chartered. For example, a corporation chartered in France and one chartered in Connecticut would be equally foreign in New York. Occasionally the term alien corporation is applied to distinguish corporations chartered in no......
- Foreign Currency Transaction For accounting purposes, a transaction stated in terms of a currency other than the firm's functional currency. The purchase or sale of goods priced in terms of a foreign currency and the lending or borrowing of foreign funds represent such transactions.......
- Foreign Entity Within the meaning of financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 8 (read this and related legal terms for further details) relative to accounting for foreign currency transactions, aforeign entity is an affiliate......
- Foreign Freight Forwarder A firm, licensed by the Federal Maritime Commission, that serves as the agent of a merchant in arranging the shipment of goods by water. Among other services, the forwarder obtains vessel space, prepares documents, and arranges delivery of merchandise to the pier.The forwarder is paid a......
- Foreign Investment Review Act An act of the Canadian Parliament directed toward protection of Canada's economy from domination by foreign direct and portfolio investment. The act is concerned with the establishment or takeover of Canadian businesses only; the acquisition of shares in Canadian firms, where such acquisition do......
- Foreign Market Price For purposes of customs valuation comparisons, generally the price of like merchandise sold for consumption in the country of origin.......
- Foreign Sales Corporation Act A component of the Tax Reform Act of 1984, which permits formation of Foreign Sales Corporations (FSC, pronounced "fisk") as a tax incentive to American exporters, and revises tax treatment of income earned by Domestic International Sales Corporations (...
- Foreign Tax Credit System A taxing scheme which permits a firm to offset income tax liabilities in its home country by applying sums paid to foreign tax authorities as credits against the domestic tax burden. For example, if an American firm doing business in Canada paid one million dollars in income taxes to the Canadian go......
- Foreign Trade Organization A former instrumentality of the Soviet government charged with controlling the importation or exportation of specified products, or with providing trade-related functions such as shipping and insurance. Most of the sixty-plus FTOs in existence in the 1980s were subject to control of the Ministry of ......
- Foreign Trade Zone An enclosed area in or near a port of entry that, while located on American territory, is effectively outside the customs jurisdiction of the United States. Such zones were authorized by the Foreign Trade Zones Act of 1934 as areas where foreign products might be entered, stored, manipulated, manufa......
- Foreign Policy COREU (CORespondance EUropéenne) and the Treaties of the European Union Description of COREU (CORespondance EUropéenne) provided by the European Union Commission: Coreu is an EU communication network between the Member States and the Commission for cooperation in the fields of [...]...
- Foreign Asset Control In the United States For information about Foreign Asset Control in the context of international trade, click here...
- Foreign Boycotts In the United States For information about Foreign boycotts in the context of international trade, click here...
- Foreign Employees In the United States For information about Foreign employees in the context of international trade, click here...
- Foreign Trade Control Law In the United States For information about Foreign Trade Control Law in the context of international trade, click here...
- Foreign Assets Resources See Also Further Reading Information about Foreign Assets in the Encyclopedia of World Trade: from Ancient Times to the Present (Cynthia Clark Northrup) ...
- Foreign Asylum Russian Refugees and Foreign Asylum: International Incident In the book "International Incidents for Discussion in Conversation Classes", in relation to terminox, L. Oppenheim wrote in 1909: The following appeared in the Times of March 6th, 1908, dated Paris, March 5th: [...]...
- Foreign Currency Foreign Currency in International Trade Meaning of Foreign Currency, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The currency of any foreign country which is authorized medium of circulation and the basis for record keeping in that country. Foreign currency is [...]...
- Foreign Currency Account Foreign Currency Account in International Trade Meaning of Foreign Currency Account, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): An account maintained in a foreign bank in the currency of the country in which the bank is located. When such accounts are kept, they [...]...
- Foreign Direct Investment Foreign Direct Investment in International Trade Meaning of FDI (Foreign Direct Investment), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The controlling ownership in a business enterprise in one country by an entity based in another country. According to balance of [...]...
- Foreign Exchange Foreign Exchange in International Trade Meaning of Foreign Exchange, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Current or liquid claims payable in foreign currency and in a foreign country (bank balances, checks, bills of exchange). Not to be confused with foreign [...]...
- Foreign Flag Violation of a Foreign Flag: International Incident In the book "International Incidents for Discussion in Conversation Classes", in relation to terminox, L. Oppenheim wrote in 1909: A political criminal, imprisoned in Port-au-Prince, in Hayti, escapes from the prison and makes for [...]...
- Sovereign Default Sovereign Default in International Trade Meaning of Sovereign Default, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The failure or refusal of a government to pay back its debt in full. It may be accompanied by a formal declaration of a government not to pay [...]...
- Definition of Foreign State Definition of "foreign State" in the Fsia in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On October 4, 2011, the United States filed an amicus brief in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit [...]...
- Foreign Debt Foreign Debt and Human Rights in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): On March 24, 2011, the United States voted against a Human Rights Council resolution extending the mandate of the independent expert [...]...
- Foreign Government Custody Foreign Government Custody: Statement of Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): The State Department has no greater responsibility than the protection of U.S. [...]...
- Foreign Government Recognizion Foreign Government Recognizion: Summary of Argument in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): Petitioner's claim that he is entitled under Section 214(d) to have the Secretary of State designate [...]...
- Foreign Relations Cross References of Foreign Relations in International Law Immigration and nationality, information on Nationality, Citizenship and Immigration in this legal Encyclopedia. International tribunals, information on International Criminal Law in this legal Encyclopedia.C. Protection of migrants, [...]...
- Foreign Terrorist Organizations Foreign Terrorist Organizations in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): In 2011, the Secretary of State continued to designate additional entities as Foreign Terrorist Organizations ("FTOs") [...]...
- Foreign State Recognition Executive Branch Authority Over Foreign State Recognition in 2013 United States views on international law [1] in relation to Executive Branch Authority Over Foreign State Recognition: On July 23, 2013, a three judge panel of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia decided [...]...
- Foreign Policy Analysis Literature Review on Foreign Policy Analysis In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Eric K. Leonard offers the following summary about the topic of Foreign Policy Analysis: In the 1950s, the field of international politics (IP) split in two. The study of IP [...]...
- Foreign Enterprise Related Fields Related topics include: Enterprise Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Joint Enterprise Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Joint Venture Find this subject in this World legal encyclopedia. Multinational Find this subject in this World legal [...]...
- Foreign Office Certificate Embracing mainstream international law, this section on foreign office certificate explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "foreign office certificate" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of [...]...
- Foreign Relations Law Embracing mainstream international law, this section on foreign relations law explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "foreign relations law" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International [...]...
- Sovereign Order of Malta Nanni v. Pace and the Sovereign Order of Malta Embracing mainstream international law, this section on nanni v. pace and the sovereign order of malta explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Embracing mainstream international law, this section on sovereign [...]...