Related Entries of the International Encyclopedia:

1. Charter on Fundamental Rights of the European Union Embracing mainstream international law, this section on charter on fundamental rights of the european union explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "fundamental rights of the european union, charter on" in the [...]...
2. European Union and Private International Law This section contain conflict of laws information and cross references related to european union and private international law on some major countries and additional jurisdictions. It covers key issues involved when citizens face international situations. Information on private international [...]...
3. European Bank for Reconstruction and Development European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (ebrd) and Europe There is an entry on european bank for reconstruction and development (ebrd) in the European legal encyclopedia. European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the European Union Resources See Also World Bank Bank [...]...
4. European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages ContentsEuropean Charter for Regional or Minority LanguagesConclusionNotesSee AlsoReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/sMentioned in these Entries European Charter ... Read more...
5. Energy Charter Treaty Energy Charter Treaty (ECT) This section provides an overview of energy charter treaty (ect) within the legal context of Energy Institutions in international economic law, with coverage of Architecture. Resources Further Reading Kaj Hobér, "Energy Charter Treaty (ECT)," Elgar [...]...
6. European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages 5 Contents European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages ConclusionNotesSee AlsoReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/sMentioned in these Entries ... Read more...
7. European Economic Interest Grouping European Economic Interest Grouping and Europe There is an entry on european economic interest grouping in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "European Economic Interest Grouping" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union [...]...
8. Company Union Company union in the International Trade Union Rights Area Definition of Company union provided by ITUC-CSI-IGB: Can be used to describe either an enterprise union or a yellow union. Resources See Also Trade Unionism Trade Union Chartism Trade Union Legislation Resources Trade Union Topics [...]...
9. Western European Union Embracing mainstream international law, this section on western european union explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Western European Union and the European Union Resources See Also International Organization Foreign Relations Intergovernmental [...]...
10. Federalism in the European Union ContentsFederalism in the European UnionConclusionNotesSee AlsoReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/sMentioned in these Entries Federalism in the European ... Read more...
11. Pillars of the European Union Pillars of the European Union and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Pillars of the European Union provided by the European Union Commission: In Community parlance people often refer to the three pillars of the EU Treaty. These three pillars, which form the basic structure of [...]...
12. Social partners in the European Union ContentsSocial partners in the European UnionSocial partners and their representativesConclusionNotesSee AlsoReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/sMentioned in these ... Read more...
13. European Trade Union Confederation Resources See Also International Organization Foreign Relations Intergovernmental Organization Regional Organization Regional Integration...
14. European Common Commercial Policy Article 133 (ex-Article 113) and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Article 133 (ex-Article 113) provided by the European Union Commission: Article 133 of the EC Treaty allows the European Union to negotiate, conclude and implement trade agreements with other countries of the [...]...
15. European Court of Human Rights Introduction to European Court of Human Rights European Court of Human Rights, court established in 1950 by the signatories to the European Convention on Human Rights to police oppressive activities of governments. In the aftermath of World War II (1939-1945), and in particular the atrocities [...]...
16. Eurostat Eurostat in International Trade Note: there is more information about this term in the European legal Encyclopedia. Meaning of Eurostat, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Eurostat is the Statistical Office of the European Union. Its task is to provide the [...]...
17. List of European and UK Online Journals ContentsList of UK and European Legal e-JournalsSee AlsoConclusionNotesReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/sMentioned in these Entries List of ... Read more...
18. Organization For European Economic Cooperation Organization For European Economic Cooperation Summary of Organization For European Economic Cooperation A post-World War II organization established to coordinate the reconstruction of Europe. The OEEC arose in response to an Anglo-French declaration in 1947 calling for European [...]...
19. European Convention on Human Rights 5 Contents European Convention on Human Rights ConclusionNotesSee AlsoReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/sMentioned in these Entries European Convention ... Read more...
20. Option The Legal History of Option (Khiy_r) This section provides an overview of Option (Khiy_r) Option in International Trade Meaning of Option, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): In foreign exchange, the contractually agreed upon right to buy (call options) or [...]...
21. Call Option Spanish Translation of call option This is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to call option and / or a definition of this topic: Opción de Compra (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry). Call Option in International Trade Meaning of Call Option, [...]...
22. Put Option Spanish Translation of put optionThis is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to put option and / or a definition of this topic: Opción de Venta (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry)....
23. Currency Option Currency Option in International Trade Meaning of Currency Option, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The contractually agreed right to buy (call option) or to sell (put option) a specific amount of foreign currency at a predetermined price on a specific [...]...
24. Reverse Option Reverse Option in International Trade Meaning of Reverse Option, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): An auction where suppliers bid the price down in competition with each other. Reverse auctions commonly take place over the internet....
25. Forward Exchange Option Forward Exchange Option in International Trade Meaning of Forward Exchange Option, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A contractually agreed right to buy (put) or to sell (call) a specific amount of one currency for a specified amount of another [...]...
26. European Landscape Convention ContentsEuropean Landscape ConventionEuropean Union (EU) implicationsConclusionNotesSee AlsoReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/sMentioned in these Entries European Landscape Convention ... Read more...
27. European Common Market European Common MarketCross-reference: European Economic Community and European Union.......
28. European Communities Summary of European Communities The name for the collective institution that embraces the European Economic Community, the European Atomic Energy Community, and the European Coal And Steel Community (qq.v.). Each of the three entities was established by separate convention, the earliest of [...]...
29. European Currency Unit Summary of European Currency Unit The European Monetary System is considered here.(Main Author: William J. Miller) European Currency Unit and the European Union Resources See Also ECU...
30. European Economic Community Summary of European Economic Community One of the three components of the European Communities. In March 1957, the members of the European Coal and Steel Community (France, Federal Republic of Germany, Italy, and the Benelux countries) expanded the sphere of economic cooperation through the [...]...
31. European Investment Bank Summary of European Investment Bank A multilateral development bank established in 1958 by the Treaty of Rome for the purpose of assisting in the balanced growth of the European economic community (read this and related legal terms for further details) (EEC). The bank grants long-term loans [...]...
32. European Patent System A series of agreements among European states, the object of which is harmonized patent laws and regulations. The system includes the following agreements: European Patent Convention, also known as the Munich Patent Convention, and the Convention on Granting of European Patents, provides patent prot......
33. European Payments Union Summary of European Payments Union An intra-European mechanism for the periodic settlement of trade balances. The EPU was established July 1, 1950, among the members of the Organization for European Economic Cooperation (read this and related legal terms for further details) (OEEC) to [...]...
34. European Recovery Program Commonly known as the Marshall Plan, a post-World War II program to assist the reconstruction of Europe. The plan was proposed by U.S. Secretary of State George Marshall in 1947 and implemented by the Economic Cooperation Act of 1948. During the course of the program, U.S. $13.6 billion in assistanc......
35. European Terms An expression of the value of any foreign currency in terms of how many units equal one dollar; effective September 1, 1979, most New York banks employed this foreign currency method for transactions.......
36. European Internal Market Resources See Also International Trade Trade Regulation International Economic Law Export License International Trade Law Foreign Trade Safeguard...
37. European Agricultural Guidance And Guarantee Fund Common Agricultrural Policy is considered here.......
38. European Atomic Energy Community Summary of European Atomic Energy Community One of the three components of the European Communities, established by the Treaty of Rome in 1957. The entity, known commonly as Euratom, was created by member states of the European Coal and Steel Community (at that time, France, Italy, Federal [...]...
39. European Coal And Steel Community European Coal And Steel Community Summary of European Coal And Steel Community One of three component entities within the European Communities, the coal and steel organization was formed following World War II to permit member states to equalize their access to iron and steel resources. The [...]...
40. European Free Trade Association Summary of European Free Trade Association A free trade area consisting of seven European countries among which tariffs and quantitative restrictions on industrial imports have been eliminated. Established in 1960 by the Stockholm Convention, EFTA originally included Austria, Denmark, [...]...
41. European Monetary Cooperation Fund The successor to the European payments Union (read this and related legal terms for further details), the EMCF was established by the European Monetary Agreement of 1958 as a vehicle to enhance monetary cooperation among......
42. Coastwise Option A provision of the carriage OF GOODS BY SEA ACT (read this and related legal terms for further details) (COGSA) which permits COGSA to be incorporated into bills of lading covering shipments in the domestic maritime comm......
43. Spot Option Spanish Translation of spot optionThis is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to spot option and / or a definition of this topic: Opción Americana (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry)....
44. American Option Definition of American Option in International Trade The following is a concept of American Option in the context of international trade law, from the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A foreign exchange type of contract containing a provision to the effect that it can be [...]...
45. Option to Purchase Resources See Also Option...
46. Commodity Option Resources See Also Option...
47. Bargain Purchase Option A provision of a lease agreement that permits the lessee to purchase the leased asset at a price expected to be below fair market value.......
48. European Law European law and the European Union Related Work and Conclusions Resources See Also References (Papers) Femmes, Migration, Et Prostitution En Europe: Il N'Est Pas Question De "Travail De Sexe", Anna Zobnina, Sep 2017 Why We Must Oppose The Full Decriminalization Of Prostitution, [...]...
49. European Resources See Also Legal System Country Jurisdiction Immigration Consulate...
50. European Convention on Nationality 2 Contents European Convention on Nationality ConclusionNotesSee AlsoReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/sMentioned in these Entries European Convention on ... Read more...
51. European Union law Part 1 Contents European Union law Part 11LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW2LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW3LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW4LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
52. European Union law Part 2 Contents European Union law Part 214LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW15LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW16LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW17LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
53. European Union law Part 3 Contents European Union law Part 323LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW24LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW25LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW26LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
54. European Union law Part 4 Contents European Union law Part 432LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW33LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW34LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW35LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
55. European Union law Part 5 Contents European Union law Part 545LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW46LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW47LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW48LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
56. European Union law Part 6 Contents European Union law Part 665LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW66LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW67LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW68LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
57. European Union law Part 7 Contents European Union law Part 779LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW80LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW81LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW82LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
58. European Union law Part 8 Contents European Union law Part 896LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW97LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW98LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW99LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
59. European Union law Part 9 Contents European Union law Part 9121LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW122LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW123LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW124LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
60. European Union law Part 10 Contents European Union law Part 10141LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW142LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW143LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW144LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
61. European Union law Part 11 Contents European Union law Part 11159LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW160LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW161LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW162LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
62. European Union law Part 12 Contents European Union law Part 12168LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW169LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW170LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW171LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
63. European Union law Part 13 Contents European Union law Part 13181LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW182LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW183LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW184LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
64. European Union law Part 14 Contents European Union law Part 14201LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW202LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW203LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW204LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
65. European Union law Part 15 Contents European Union law Part 15216LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW217LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW218LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW219LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
66. European Union law Part 16 Contents European Union law Part 16221LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW222LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW223LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW224LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
67. European Union law Part 17 Contents European Union law Part 17227LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW228LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW229LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW230LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
68. European Union law Part 18 Contents European Union law Part 18240LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW241LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW242LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW243LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
69. European Union law Part 19 Contents European Union law Part 19250LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW251LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW252LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW253LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
70. European Union law Part 20 Contents European Union law Part 20268LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW269LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW270LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW271LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
71. European Union law Part 21 Contents European Union law Part 21277LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW278LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW279LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW280LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
72. European Union law Part 22 Contents European Union law Part 22299LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW300LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW301LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW302LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
73. European Union law Part 23 Contents European Union law Part 23310LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW311LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW312LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW313LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
74. European Union law Part 24 Contents European Union law Part 24329LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW330LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW331LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW332LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
75. European Union law Part 25 Contents European Union law Part 25342LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW343LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW344LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW345LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
76. European Union law Part 26 Contents European Union law Part 26352LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW353LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW354LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW355LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
77. European Union law Part 27 Contents European Union law Part 27372LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW373LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW374LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW375LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
78. European Union law Part 28 Contents European Union law Part 28377LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW378LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW379LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW380LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
79. European Union law Part 29 Contents European Union law Part 29383LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW384LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW385LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW386LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
80. European Union law Part 30 Contents European Union law Part 30401LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW402LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW403LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW404LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
81. European Union law Part 31 Contents European Union law Part 31411LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW412LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW413LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW414LAW JOURNAL / ... Read more...
82. European Union law Part 31 2 Contents European Union law Part 31 425LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW426LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW427LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW428LAW JOURNAL ... Read more...
83. European Cultural Convention ContentsEuropean Cultural ConventionConclusionNotesSee AlsoReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/sMentioned in these Entries European Cultural Convention   Article 1 ... Read more...
84. European Energy Charter   PART I DEFINITIONS AND PURPOSE ARTICLE 1 DEFINITIONS As used in this Treaty: (1) "Charter"means the European Energy Charter adopted in the Concluding Document of the Hague Conference on the European Energy Charter signed at The Hague on 17 December 1991; signature of the [...]...
85. European Energy Charter 5 Contents European Energy Charter ConclusionNotesSee AlsoReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/sMentioned in these Entries European Energy Charter   ... Read more...
86. European Energy Charter 6 Contents European Energy Charter ConclusionNotesSee AlsoReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/sMentioned in these Entries European Energy Charter   ... Read more...
87. European Energy Charter 7 Contents European Energy Charter ConclusionNotesSee AlsoReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/s European Energy Charter   PART III INVESTMENT ... Read more...
88. European Energy Charter 8 Contents European Energy Charter ConclusionNotesSee AlsoReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/sMentioned in these Entries European Energy Charter   ... Read more...
89. European Energy Charter 9 Contents European Energy Charter ConclusionNotesSee AlsoReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/s European Energy Charter   ARTICLE 16 RELATION ... Read more...
90. European Energy Charter 10 Contents European Energy Charter ConclusionNotesSee AlsoReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/sMentioned in these Entries European Energy Charter   ... Read more...
91. European Energy Charter 11 Contents European Energy Charter ConclusionNotesSee AlsoReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/sMentioned in these Entries European Energy Charter   ... Read more...
92. European Energy Charter 12 Contents European Energy Charter ConclusionNotesSee AlsoReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/sMentioned in these Entries European Energy Charter   ... Read more...
93. European Energy Charter 2 Contents European Energy Charter ConclusionNotesSee AlsoReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/sMentioned in these Entries European Energy Charter   ... Read more...
94. European Energy Charter 3 Contents European Energy Charter ConclusionNotesSee AlsoReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/sMentioned in these Entries European Energy Charter   ... Read more...
95. European Energy Charter 4 Contents European Energy Charter ConclusionNotesSee AlsoReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/sMentioned in these Entries European Energy Charter   ... Read more...
96. European Convention on Nationality ContentsEuropean Convention on NationalityConclusionNotesSee AlsoReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/sMentioned in these Entries European Convention on Nationality   ... Read more...
97. European Convention on Nationality 3 Contents European Convention on Nationality ConclusionNotesSee AlsoReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/sMentioned in these Entries European Convention on ... Read more...
98. European Monetary System Summary of European Monetary System A mechanism established by the European Communities to mitigate exchange rate fluctuations among the members and establish a zone of "monetary stability in Europe."The EMS is, in part, a fulfillment of the 1970 Werner Report (read this and [...]...
99. European Orphan Works The recently passed EU orphan works directive will give, when implemented at the national level, non-profit libraries, archives, and similar organizations the right to use orphan works after first conducting a diligent search......
100. European Court of Justice Introduction to European Court of Justice European Court of Justice, court of law of the European Union (EU), established in 1957. The court is charged with ruling on all questions brought before it concerning the founding treaties of the EU and legislation made under those treaties. Since [...]...
101. European Union Legal Materials Two sources for E.U. information stand out in my mind. First, the European Union'sEuropa, which posts (a) EU news and press releases, (b) links to EU Web sites, including the European Parliament, banks, courts and agencies and (c) the best collection of EU legal materials on [...]...
102. European Commission Spanish Translation of European Commission This is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to European Commission and / or a definition of this topic: Comisión Europea (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry). European Commission and the Treaties of the [...]...
103. European Community Law Spanish Translation of European community lawThis is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to European community law and / or a definition of this topic: Derecho Comunitario (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry)....
104. European Parliament Spanish Translation of European Parliament This is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to European Parliament and / or a definition of this topic: Parlamento Europeo (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry). European Parliament and the Treaties of the [...]...
105. European Union Law Sources Spanish Translation of sources for European Union LawThis is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to sources for European Union Law and / or a definition of this topic: Fuentes del Derecho de la Unión Europea (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry)....
106. European Union Regulation Spanish Translation of European Union regulationThis is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to European Union regulation and / or a definition of this topic: Reglamento Comunitario (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry)....
107. European Patent Convention European Patent Convention (EPC) in E.U. Patent System Nineteen European countries are parties to the European Patent Convention. A patent application filed under this convention will, when granted, usually automatically be effective in each of the countries designated by the applicant. [...]...
108. European Budget Budget and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Budget provided by the European Union Commission: All the Union's revenue and expenditure is entered in the Community budget on the basis of annual forecasts. The budget is governed by several principles, including: • unity: [...]...
109. European Central Bank European Central Bank (ECB) and the Treaties of the European Union Description of European Central Bank (ECB) provided by the European Union Commission: The European Central Bank was inaugurated on 30 June 1998. On 1 January 1999 it took over responsibility for implementing European monetary [...]...
110. European Council European Council and the Treaties of the European Union Description of European Council provided by the European Union Commission: The European Council is the term used to describe the regular meetings of the Heads of State or Government of the European Union Member States. Its purpose is to [...]...
111. European Development Fund EDF and the Treaties of the European Union Description of EDF provided by the European Union Commission: The European Development Fund is the main instrument for Community aid for development cooperation in the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries and the Overseas Countries and [...]...
112. European Economic Area European Economic Area and the Treaties of the European Union Description of European Economic Area provided by the European Union Commission: Agreement Between the Community, and three Member States of the European Free Trade Area (EFTA)(not Switzerland) entered into force on 1 January 2004 [...]...
113. European Community European Community (EC) in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of European Community (EC): (Previously known as the European Economic Community, or EEC; the term "European Communities" [...]...
114. European Currency Unit (ECU) European Currency Unit (ECU) and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of European Currency Unit (ECU): A unit of value based on a "currency basket" comprising specific amounts of the [...]...
115. European Union Law Contents of European Union Law Contents of this subject matter include: Session 1: legal competence, legislation and decision-making Session 2: Supremacy and Direct Effect and state liability in damages Session 3: Enforcement actions against Member States and Preliminary Rulings Session 4: EU [...]...
116. European Neighbourhood Policy European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) The European Neighbourhood Policy, abbreviated as ENP, was developed in 2004, with the objective of avoiding the emergence of new dividing lines between the enlarged European Union (EU) and its neighbours to the South and East Through the ENP, the EU offers [...]...
117. European Convention on Cybercrime Embracing mainstream international law, this section on european convention on cybercrime explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "cybercrime, european convention on" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic [...]...
118. European Convention on Extradition Embracing mainstream international law, this section on european convention on extradition explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "extradition, european convention on" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic [...]...
119. European Integration Embracing mainstream international law, this section on european integration explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "european integration" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law [...]...
120. European Law of Nations Embracing mainstream international law, this section on european law of nations explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "european law of nations" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of [...]...